We examined immunohistochemical expressions of HSP70 and p-HSP70 in the orthodontic periodontal tissues. In the control group, the HSP70 and p-HSP70 expression was observed in the periodontal ligament fibroblasts and that was kept in low levels. In the experimental group, the strong expression of HSP70 was detected according to over time. However, p-HSP70 expression was a bit delayed. The data suggests that HSP70 has been closely involved in the repair of tissue to maintain homeostasis of the periodontal tissues by the activation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Farthermore, the data also suggests that HSP70 act as a molecular chaperone of osteogenesis through an activation of osteoblasts.

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The purpose of the study is to investigate the expression of Osterix in the mouse orthodontic periodontal tissues using Waldo method. Immunohistochemecally in the control group, without experimental orthodontic mechanical stress, there was almost negative and/or quietly weekly positive reactions in the periodontal tissues. In the experimental group after 9 hours, orthodontic tension sties react positively. The positive reactions became stronger over time. The result suggest that Osterix expression in the orthodontic periodontal tension sides act as one of the key factors of osteagenic cell differentiatim.

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We examined expression of Heat Shock Protein 27 (HSP27) molecules, in 10 cases of typical solid/multicystic ameloblastoma, by means of immunohistochemistry. In general, HSP27 and pHSP27 positive staining products were frequently detected in the cytoplasms of the neoplastic cells. The expression pattern and/or strength are slightly different according to the cytological features of ameloblastomas. The immunohistochemical staining results suggest that the expression of HSP27 and pHSP27 is considered to be involved in neoplastic transformation of odontogenic epithelial cells.

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We examined immunohistochemical expression of Chromogranin A (CgA) in the mouse dental pulp and the periodontal tissues, which exposed to 3 hours immediate teeth separation. In the experimental group, CgA positive staining products were frequently detected in the periodontal fibroblasts and endothelial cells, and also detected in the dental pulp cells. The positive reactions were stronger than that of control specimens. The data suggests that induced expression was due to the mechanical stress of wedge insertion.

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We examined the transplanted bone marrow-derived cell migration into periodontal tissues. Bone marrow cells from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice were transplanted. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that GFP-positive cells were detected in the periodontal tissues. The GFP-positive cells histopathologically differentiated into some cell types. The fluorescence IHC and TRAP staining techniques demonstrated these cells were detected as osteoclasts and macrophages. Furthermore, GFP-positive cells gathered adjacent blood vessels. The data suggest that GFP-positive bone marrow-derived cell migrate into periodontal tissues and differentiate periodontal tissue component-cells.

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The three-dimensional structure of the odontoblastic organelle and the alignment of collagen fibers in predentin and dentin were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using pultaceous treatment (AODO method). The structure of the nuclear membrane and transitional images from granular endoplasmic reticulum (rER) to transport vesicles and clear surface of Golgi apparatus unobtainable with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were observed. Cross-sections of the rER system and tubular mitochondria revealed configurations similar to those usually described in TEM studies. There were a large number of ribosomes on the surface of the rER. A fibrous structure which maintained an appropriate distance between the various elements of the rER was also observed. The alignment of the dentin collagen fibers accorded with TEM images, but the alignment of the collagen fibers in predentin did not, with many fibers arranged horizontally.

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Ozone is a potent oxidative gas, and its bactericidal effect is being applied to various fields include oral. However, the half-life of ozone is extremely short for achieving sufficient disinfection or effectively exerting a bactericidal effect on cells. We focused on the newly developed ozone gel capable of maintaining the ozone effect for a long time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety evaluation of ozone gel on animal practice. These finding demonstrated that applications of ozone gel was considered non toxic to the skin and mucous membrane. These results suggest that the ozone gel can be used widely and is clinically useful as well.

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Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the treatment that can enhance the local delivery of antitumor drugs with the application of electric pulses. However the therapy for the treatment are not standardized yet. In this article we evaluated the capability of ECT to allow the use of bleomycin (BLM) on squamous cell carcinoma by administering it in association with low-voltage electrical pulses. Squamous cell carcinoma was transplanted to the nude mice. After transplantation, the mice were treated with ECT for transplanted tumor lesions. The antitumor effect of BLM was marked in the D+E+ group (BLM treatment followed by electroporation) and the tumor lesion disappeared in some of the animals. These results suggested that when ECT consisting of BLM plus low-voltage electroporation was applied to tumor lesions, the antitumor effect of the drug on the lesions was enhanced. Therefore, ECT would seem to be a highly-safe new method that may be of use in the treatment of tumors.

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Although various disturbance of hard tissue formation is known to occur in the succeeding permanent tooth after the trauma to the deciduous tooth, the mechanism of disturbance of enamel formation in the tooth neck still remains to be eluciated. Rat molar tooth germ was injured by the needle penetration at postnatal 10 days (corresponding to the calcifying stage of enamel), and the crown of the tooth germ was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. Destroy, partial defect, exposure of enamel rods as well as resorption of enamel by odontoclasts were shown in the neck of tooth germ. This resorption frequently reached dentin. Consequently, secondary changes such as resorption by odontoclasts could continue to modify the injury at the tooth neck before the eruption of injured tooth.

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The fusion of mandibular central and lateral incisors is most common. The fusion of other teeth is quite rare. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure of the fused permanent tooth of the upper right side of a male 26 yeas old patient. In the pulp cavity of third molar, enamel was observed. The direction of enamel prism was irregular and enamel prism pattern was scale-shaped. By x-ray analytical microscopy, the enamel cavity was more radiolucent than normal enamel. This enamel had a low content of phosphorus in the element dot map. The interlobular dentin was observed remarkably in third molar. Vasodentin was present at the junction between the second molar and third molar. It is considered that this fused tooth was formed by the fusion of second molar germ in early development stage.

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Hot spring sinter deposits are composed of mineral components, and the composition is determined to reflect the characteristics of the mother liquor, and form of the sinter reflects the environmental conditions. In this paper, the sinter with a peculiar morphology occurred at a sulfer spring was analyzed by a polarized light microscopy and X-ray diffraction method. As a result, it was found that gypsum crystals and mainly with the irregular direction and amorphous outlines of crystallites. This unique morphology can be explained by the Fractal growth. However, sediment deposits formed in the Earth surface rather than deep underground, some organisms are known to be involved in the formation. Therefore, their relationship is needed to considered, and a short review was described.

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