In this study, chromotropic acid-intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with zinc and aluminum were synthesized and adsorption of Cu²⁺ to the LDHs was characterized. 1 g of LDHs adsorbed the 750 mg of Cu²⁺, while 1 g of LDHs in the absence of chromotropic acid adsorbed 610 mg of Cu²⁺. The result shows chromotropic acid enhanced amount of adsorbed Cu²⁺. Adsorption isotherm shows that LDHs adsorbed Cu²⁺ by chemisorption. The amount of the adsorbed Cu²⁺ increased with time and leveled-off at 240 min.

Liquefaction of waste plastic is a one of feedstock recycling technology. Especially, catalytic cracking system with spent FCC catalyst gives higher yield and higher quality oils than thermal degradation process. Granulated blast furnace slag(GBF slag) contains mainly SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and CaO that is similar with zeolite(aluminosilicate) in FCC catalyst. In this study, granulated blast furnace slag was used for catalytic liquefaction as alternative spent FCC catalyst. The granulated blast furnace slag gave higher yield and lower carbon number products than pyrolysis. However, this result is lower than spent FCC catalyst that is given via different mechanism.

Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) has higher efficiency and lower environmental impact, because of consisting of tremendous advanced gasification technology and gas turbine technology. In IGCC the ash in coal is molten and transformed to glassy slag instead of fly ash. The harmless slag is expected to be used in concrete manufacturing or basement of asphalt paving. In order to get JIS certification of slag, several evaluation tests including shape arrangement by grinding, measurement of size distribution, physical property, chemical analysis and chemical leaching test, have been performed and resulted.

Medical wastes discharged from a medical institution are varied such as paper diapers with high water content or plastics with high calorific value. Therefore, it is generally agreed today that it is difficult to incinerate medical wastes completely and stably without another waste and/or auxiliary fuel. Vertical combustor that can incinerate various wastes without another waste and auxiliary fuel has developed and delivered to Tokyo Waterfront Recycle Power in 2007 for medical wastes. Currently, 4.15 MPa saturated steam is efficiently recovered.

The present study examines effects of learning life cycle thinking (LCT) on pro-environmental behavior. An LCT-based environmental education program was implemented in a high school, and questionnaire surveys were conducted with the students. Statistical analysis using survey data found that two types of ”sense of link” increase moral norm and perceived behavioral control and as a result enhance pro-environmental behavior intention.

The government prepared herewith three scenarios concerning energy mix in 2012. This study was undertaken to survey nuclear power generation rate for high school students. A salient feature of this study was that it used text-mining techniques. Results showed that these analyses underscore the useful of the energy issue of the future.

Awareness of electricity was mainly focused on cost savings. But with the increase in power rate affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, the focus was shifted to the discontent with the price, expectation for electricity liberalization driving prices lower, and safer energy such as renewable and natural energy which don`t depend on nuclear power usage. However, compared to before the Earthquake, intentions for installation of solar power system on their own houses and introduction of earthquake strengthening and protection against heatstroke and heat shocks are only falling.

This study develops an input-output table to evaluate environmental and socio-economic impacts of renewable heat production technologies from a life cycle perspective. Using the developed input-output table, we calculate output multipliers for new sectors. The results indicate that the differences among different technologies are significant.

The present study estimates the CO₂ reduction by installing residential solar water heating (SWH) systems from a life-cycle perspective. The amount of CO₂ reduced through the replacement of conventional gas boiler systems with SWH systems is calculated by prefecture. The estimation shows that the more CO₂ is reduced in prefectures where it is colder and LPG is used more extensivley than natural gas.

In this study, we conducted a survey in questionnaire format on the usage time and the quantity of consumer durables that consume energy, relevant to households in Kobe, Japan. Based on the data obtained from the survey, we calculated the rate of energy consumption for each household type. Taking future changes in the number of households in Kobe into consideration, we estimated the future energy consumption in the residential sector.

In order to establish close relations between distributed energy system and regional economic development by using renewable energy, public participation and local production for local consumption in electricity play a vital role. Therefore, this study aimed to assess regional economic impacts of community-based renewable energy development, particularly for a large scale PV system, and electricity use locally. Three impacts have been considered in this study, (1) profit from selling electricity, (2) induced value added by PV system installation, and (3) additional cost for residents due to local electricity price higher than general one. In addition, four scenarios have been assumed and evaluated for local electricity price. The result shows that, in any cases, installation of PV system provides positive effect to regional economy with the public participation.

This study was undertaken to analyze photovoltaic generation potential in Yamanashi Prefecture. The author developed a new method for deserted cultivated land using geographical information system based on statistical data. Results showed that 592 lands was extracted by overlay analysis to combine the characteristics of inclination angel, direction of dip and amount of global solar radiation.

Feed-in-Tariff scheme has strongly supported increase of renewable energy in Japan. Massive and rapid expansion of renewable energy had impacts on the prices of wholesale electricity market in the European countries and the United States. The decrease of the market price hurt the profit of power generation facilities. This analysis shows that a weak wholesale price caused by the rapid growth of renewable energy has impacts on not only thermal power plant but renewable energy themselves in the long term. Excessive preferential treatments, will distort the market and inhibit a sustainable growth of renewable energy.

We evaluated the global potentials of bioenergy with carbon dioxide capture and storage (BECCS) taking into account economic availability, CO₂ storage availability and potentials of substitution. This study assumed that the BECCS can substitute the total amounts of coal power electricity generations which are expected under a non-climate policy scenario. The result shows that the BECCS potentials in 2050 reach to approximately 20 PWh/yr (approximately two-third of global electricity by coal power plants), when the carbon price is about 150 $/t-CO₂. The CO₂ storage availability constrains the BECCS potentials in Asia, while the potentials of substitution for coal power constrains those in other regions.

This paper examines the relationship between economic development and air pollution in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf States based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis. The results provide weak support for the hypothesis, but they also show the opportunities for the Japan to help the States reach the turning points of the EKC.

Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) such as solar power and wind power is an important energy resource that is sustanable and CO₂ free. However, the VRE causes problems such as mismatch of supply and demand and variation of short-period and long-period outputs. The objective of the study is the power supply and demand in Eastern Japan in 2040. We conducted model simulations considering long-period variations as well as short-period variations of the VRE outputs and obtained the following results. If the errors of the VRE output predictions are large and the curtailment rates of the VRE are constrained, the curtailment rates of the VRE are enlarged and the costs of the fossil fuels for power generation increase.

A car stock model is used to study the CO₂ emissions reduction potential of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), downsizing and lightweight materials use in the Japanese passenger car fleet. Vehicle types include internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and BEVs; available in three vehicle size classes, normal, compact and mini-sized cars; and two glider types, conventional and lightweight. BEVs can reduce well-to-wheel CO₂ emissions by 69.6% compared with the 2050 baseline values. The largest CO₂ emissions reductions are achieved with mini-sized lightweight BEVs, 76.1% compared with the 2050 baseline values. Lightweighting increases CO₂ emissions reductions achieved with BEV diffusion. Furthermore, downsizing reduces significantly the incremental cost of BEVs.

The objective of the present study is to develop a simplified environmental characteristic evaluation tool used in the planning stage of biogas power generation projects using waste biomass in order to promote projects with high environmental performance. The tool developed calculates life cycle inventory using an input-output table modified with the detailed information on biogas power generation projects in Japan.

We have executed the R&D on promotion of bio-hydrogen utilization. However, it would be difficult to reduce the cost and satisfy of the fuel specification. In this study, we focused on a mobile PEFC fueled by bio-H₂ including H₂S, and estimated several aspects from the viewpoint of LCA thinking. As a result, in the case of below 1.0 ppm H₂S of bio-H₂, the cell voltage drop was little seen. In the example of mobile phone with PEFC, the operation would not be affected by small contaminant. Also, the influence of resource depletion was discussed. For instance, the absorbents of Fe₂O₃ and ZnO can remove H₂S effectively. However, in the environmental impact of resource depletion, the intensities are quite different. The intensity of Fe₂O₃ was approximately 0.6% in comparison to ZnO case.

Demand and supply of the long term energy and CO₂ emissions in Japan were estimated quantitatively until 2050 by using NICE model. On the basic scenario of the Strategic Energy Plan, CCS is focused as an innovative technology and built a scenario to achieve 2°C temperature rise of the earth which was shown in COP21. It was examined what kind of influence occurred in the future energy science. Energy was insufficient by a scenario of a basic plan in order to achieve 2°C aim as a result of estimation. It is insufficient, Even if CCS and nuclear power plant are applied, additional innovative technologies are required on steel or building sectors.

A purpose of the methanol synthesis by ICR (Internal Condensation Reactor) system is to raise the energy efficiency in the process. ICR system can reduce the energy that is used in a feed compressor and a recycling compressor. This paper reports estimated energy consumption and GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions that ICR system can reduce in whole lifecycle of methanol. Even if a process of the methanol synthesis is improved by an ICR system, the reduction effect of energy consumption and GHG emissions is restrictive, because a material resource of methanol is natural gas.

JST-RISTEX project, ”Social implementation of local co-innovation approaches for emergent transition to low carbon society” (FY2014 – FY2016), has been developing to construct the low-carbon society, where people can live comfortably by realizing the sustainable environment through drastic reduction of CO₂ emission. The project is constructed from two phases of an integration phase and the spread implementation phase. In this report, the perspective of the project was described.

Among many initiatives on regional revitalization, there are movements on utilizing energy projects initiated by local communities. Based on these community-based renewable energy projects, we examine ways to accelerate local economic revitalization and increase in employment.

This report determines results of questionnaires on local government awareness (696 valid responses) conducted in fiscal year 2015, followed by the ones in fiscal year 2014. This report aims to clarify current issues of local governments when promoting renewable energy use.

When expanding community-based energy projects, there is an increasing attention on what roles local governments play as critical actors. However, issues on their roles depend on each community.

This report determines results of questionnaires on local government awareness (696 valid responses) conducted in fiscal year 2015, followed by the ones in fiscal year 2014, and analyzes issues depending on different factors such as size of local governments, responsible section of energy issues, and exploitable renewable energy sources.

Based on these analyses, this report examines ways to promote community-based energy projects, and furthermore, to develop cross-sectional initiatives with sustainability and autonomy.

A UN environmental program report highlights the importance of the viewpoint that analyses whether the final consumption of the products and services consumed has a major impact on life cycles. The CO₂ emissions associated with retailers’ activities in the final household consumption of daily necessities and food products that we targeted in our project accounted for roughly 14% of total CO₂ emissions. We designed a mutual learning platform (the Researchers Club), it is a place to rebuild the divided relationship for both consumers and suppliers, and did an in-store experimentation at a supermarket. Through the experiment, we examined effectiveness of mutual learning platform and communication approach.

The community-based renewable energy business brings the higher effect for a climate change measure and local creation. The business needs to get in touch with virtuous cycle of regional economic. The local bank is charged with such as the important role. A thing like the next could be grasped from the analysis of the local government questionnaire survey put into effect last year. Local governments didn't recognize renewable energy business as the means of the regional economic activation sufficiently, and therefore recognition to finance could also grasp the low reality.

While decentralization is developed, there are many problems of municipality the environment, aging and depopulation. This problem is short-term and it isn't settled. Even plan decision, budget acquisition and project operation become long-term. But staff of municipality who settles a problem can't participate in the same project by a change, and can't acquire technical knowledge. On the other hand municipality would like to cooperate with a municipality with the same problem as well as specialist's invitation. Preparing the place where a municipality cooperates by ICT platform is proposed by this research.

The enactment of a renewable energy ordinance in each local government has usually been regarded as vital for promoting the local ownership of renewable energy business. By classifying renewable energy ordinances, this paper demonstrates that the enactment is effective not only in the growth of the local ownership but also in the environmental protection, the disaster prevention, and the achievement of residents’ consensus related in the business.

The ”Future Creation School” is a unique education program implemented through a collaboration of industry, government, academia, and local communities in Kiryu City under the leadership of the School of Science and Technology of Gunma University. Utilizing an individual district’s indigenous nature, history, culture, customs, and industry, the program provides children with the joy and excitement of discovery and nurtures the development of human resources with international competencies and society, looking 100 years in the future.

Low-speed electric bus was developed for building the low-carbon society. The bus has eight wheels with in-wheel motors, and its maximum speed is 19km/h. Demonstration and social experiments were carried out in the Kiryu city in order to investigate the enhancement effect of local community. In this study, we revealed the re-vitalization effect of local community by the introduction of low-speed electric bus on the basis of a questionnaire survey.

After a social decarbonization R&D program of JST-RISTEX, a project (FY2014-FY2016) has been running for implementing the outcomes of the R&D to induce emerging transition to low carbon society. Based on the experience of this project, this paper explores social implementation scenario as a realistic path for emerging social transition in contrast to the Japan’s technological innovation dependent scenario as shown in the National Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures decided by the Cabinet in May 2016.

We demonstrated the cold-start process for oxidative reforming (OR) of n-butane. In this process, without heating the catalyst by external energy OR is triggered rapidly and repeatedly over reduced CeO₂ supported Rh catalysts from ambient temperature. Redox property of oxide support, i.e. spontaneous oxidation of the reduced catalyst support, CeO_2-x to CeO₂, and in-situ reduction of the catalyst support during OR, CeO₂ to CeO_2-x, are found to be key factors for construction of this process.

It has been demonstrated by the experiment that aqueous solution particles of potassium carbonate functioned as a liquid catalyst for hydrogen production and as a CO₂ absorber. It has become clear that hydrogen was produced by the reaction of steam with coke(C) generated to inner wall face of the reactor by coking. As to the experiment, the 200ml normal temperature aqueous solution of potassium carbonate was put into the reactor. Both of inlet valve and outlet valve of the reactor were shut. Temperature and total pressure of steam and some gases in the reactor were measured with the elapsed time. The reactor was heated by its outer electric heater. As a result, saturated liquid water changed to wet steam, saturated steam and superheated steam as time proceeded. And five reactions occurred in the reactor.

An in-situ intercalation method was demonstrated in this work to expand the interlayer spacing of electrodeposited NiFe Layered double hydroxides (LDH) electrodes. Compared with traditional intercalation/exfoliation and coating approach, better interface connection and stability of electrodeposited LDH electrodes were maintained in this way. Experimental results showed that the inter-layer distance of NiFe LDH material was increased from 7.8 Å to 9.1 Å by immersing NiFe LDH electrode in formamide at 80 °C for 3 h. Electrochemical water electrolysis results indicated low overpotentials of 237 and 408 mV were required to sustain 10 and 100 mA cm^-2 current densities for oxygen evolution reaction. In addition, with the assistance of ultrasound, the required time of intercalation process was reduced drastically and a lower overpotential was exposed.

The hydrogen storage system using an interconversion cycle between formic acid and CO₂ has received much attention today. Recently, we have developed iridium-bipyridine based catalysts for dehydrogenation of formic acid and hydrogenation of CO₂. Here, we report about a new catalyst design, which is containing a diazole moiety on the ligand, for dehydrogenation of formic acid toward a practical application.

Continuous hydrogen evolution occurred in near-quantitative yields from the dehydrogenation of an organic hydride (methylcyclohexane; MCH) through a microwave-assisted catalyzed process taking place in a fixed-bed reactor in the presence of Pd catalyst particles supported on activated carbon particulates (Pd/AC). Unlike conventional heating, the microwave heating method displayed a large temperature distribution experimentally observed along the vertical catalyst fixed-bed reactor attributed to the distribution of the microwave electric field, among other factors. A principal feature of the microwave-assisted method was the rapid heating response of the catalyst at low microwave power with considerable energy saving relative to conventional heating with a ceramics heater (2 min versus ca. 35‒40 min; 27W versus 139 W). A more uniform distribution of the microwave-generated heat and introduction of warmer liquid organic hydride (greater than ambient) should lead to significant improvement in process efficiency.

Ammonia borane (AB) can be regenerated by using hydrazine and liquid ammonia via intermediate phases of N₂H₄BH₃ and B(NH₂)₃. By an analogy of this method, we have recently reported that AB forms from hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) by milling under hydrogen pressure and then using hydrazine and ammonia. However, this regeneration mechanism is still unclear. In this work, the reaction pathways of hydrogenated h-BN and B samples with liquid hydrazine-ammonia solution have been investigated in order to understand the key factor for forming AB by using hydrazine and ammonia. As a result, the reaction pathway for the hydrogenated h-BN is similar to that for polyborazirene (PB) since the same intermediates were observed after both the reactions with hydrazine and ammonia. On the other hand, the hydrogenated B was not converted to AB by using hydrazine and ammonia, indicating that existence of N-B-H bonding is necessary to obtain AB by using hydrazine and ammonia.

Ammonia borane (AB: NH₃BH₃) is a promising solid state hydrogen storage material because it contains >19 mass% of hydrogen. However, the thermal decomposition of AB kinetically requires high temperature, and considerable amount of harmful by-product gases emit from AB. Recently, the decomposition properties of AB have been improved by the composite with alanates (MAlH₄, M = Na, Li). It was reported that the new compound NaAl(NH₂BH₃)₄ formed during mechanical milling of 4AB-NaAlH₄. In this work, we have tried to synthesize NaAl(NH₂BH₃)₄ in THF solvent (Solution method) to obtain the single phase with high-purity. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product obtained by the solution method was similar to that obtained by the solid method, suggesting that NaAl(NH₂BH₃)₄ can be synthesized by the solution method as well. However, the ²³Na-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum suggests that a different phases from NaAl(NH₂BH₃)₄ coexist. Thus, in order to obtain the single phase of NaAl(NH₂BH₃)₄, further optimization of reaction conditions would be necessary.

Ammonia borane (NH₃BH₃) is able to hydrolyze at room temperature to generate hydrogen with high purity. For this feature, ammonia borane is expected as a hydrogen storage material for polymer membrane fuel cells for mobile use. It is reported that metal-based catalysts show high active for this reaction. Their catalytic activity was influenced by the morphology of their active species. In order to investigate the influence of the morphology, we have focused on spherical particle materials with hollow void because of their easily controllable homogeneity. In our researches, we have found that hollow nickel-silica composite spheres were fabricated from the spherical composite particles by in-situ activation of the particles with small amount of sodium borohydride during hydrolysis of ammonia borane, and the hollow spheres show high activity for the hydrogen generation from aqueous ammonia borane solution. In this study, we fabricated the highly active in-situ synthesized hollow ruthenium-silica composite spheres using the same method and investigate the effects of the preparation conditions on their catalytic activity for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.

Recently, metal hydrides have been studied as conversion-type negative electrode materials for lithium-ion battery. Magnesium hydride (MgH₂) known as hydrogen storage materials is one of promising electrode materials because of the high theoretical capacity, which is 2036 mAh/g and five times larger than that of conventional graphite electrode. During the reaction with Li ions, MgH₂ is converted to Mg and LiH. On the analogy on MgH₂, it is expected that other hydrides also work as electrode materials. However, there are few reports about other hydrides currently. In this work, the electrochemical properties of metal hydrides, such as MgH₂, TiH₂, CaH₂ and VHx, are systematically investigated. From the experimental results, the correlation between thermodynamic and electrochemical properties is clearly found except for CaH₂. In the case of CaH₂, an unexpected side reaction possibly proceeds.

Sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) absorbed 2 mol of ammonia (NH₃) /1 mol of NaBH4 and the equilibrium pressure was appeared at 0.09 MPa and 20 °C. The gravimetric NH3 density was 47 wt% and the vapor pressure was about 1/10 lower than that of liquid NH₃. When NaBH₄ absorbed more than 2 mol of NH₃, the NaBH₄-NH₃ system is changed to a solution state, and then the ammonia vapor pressure linearly increases with the NH₃ concentration. In this work, the solution properties are analyzed and discussed from the NH₃ absorption properties obtained by experiments.

Hydrogen is a CO₂ free fuel and can be stored in many different forms as compressed or liquefied hydrogen in tanks. Liquid ammonia has been expected as a hydrogen carrier because it has a high H₂ storage capacity with 17.8 wt% and 10.7 kgH₂/100L at 1MPa and 298K. The volumetric hydrogen density is about 1.5 times of liquid hydrogen, and it is easily liquefied under about 1 MPa at room temperature. Current PEM fuel cells are poisoned even by trace levels (~1 ppm) of ammonia. The catalyst such as Ru supported on MgO shows the ammonia conversion of 99.8 % at 773K, which corresponds to ammonia concentration of 1000 ppm. After hydrogen and nitrogen generation by ammonia cracking, ammonium hydrogen sulfate (NH₄HSO₄) can be utilized to decrease the ammonia concentration from 1000 ppm to 0.1 ppm.

Although fuel cell vehicles (FCV) have attracted the attention, the hydrogen stations are not sufficient. This study focuses on ”Residential Fuel Cell System” to produce hydrogen for FCVs. It is because the gas-reformers have capability to produce hydrogen while the fuel cells do not operate during nighttime. An optimization model was employed to estimate the possible amount of hydrogen supply by one residential fuel cell. The result indicates that one fuel cell can satisfy the hydrogen demand for transportation of 8000km.

A shortage of the unused biomass fuel in FIT certified woody biomass power generation in some parts of the Kyushu have the potential to cover by bamboo fuel. However the collection cost of bamboo is high, it is economically difficult to use bamboo fuel in wood biomass power generation at present.

Herbaceous biomass is a promising candidate of gasification feedstock, but still unused and wasted because it is too fibrous to be stably supplied, which easily winds around a feeder, and its amounts is not eonough to be gasified alone. In this paper, we proposed a thermal treatment for mixture of herbaceous biomass (Ryegrass) powder and woody (cedar wood) chips at low temperature in order to reduce their volume, to lump them together and, consequently, to stably supply then to an advanced entrained-flow type gasifier, to which feedstock of 5mm or larger was applicable. The advanced entrained-flow type gasification was developed for reducing pulverizing energy because feedstock should be pulverized to powder before applied to a usual one. When gasifying the lumping sample, which we named ”coating sample”, in the laboratory-developed entrained-flow gasifier, gasification proceeded well and gas of suitable compositions for BTL synthesis was obtained.

Japanese cedar wood (Cryptomeria japonica) was thermogravimetrically analyzed, atmosphere of which was helium, and produced compounds were mass-spectrometrically analyzed for studying its pyrolysis process. A specially designed skimmer interface was used for connecting the thermogravimetric analyzer and the mass-spectrometer (TG/MS). Phenol derivatives and oxygenated compounds were respectively produced from lignin and holo-cellulose. The TG/MS analyses showed that the heavier compounds in each group had the narrower thermal peaks. For example, propylguaiacol had one peak and 2-methylphenol had two peaks, weights of which were respectively 166amu and 108amu. Their temperature dependences suggested that lignin thermally decomposed to phenol derivatives of various molecular weights and that heavier ones successively decomposed to lighter ones.

We performed a comparative analysis of the expression levels of proteins secreted by Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultured with either untreated or ammonia-treated lignocellulosic biomass. In the culture with ammonia-treated biomass, the relative production of a xylanase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 11 increased significantly, while that of acetyl xylan esterases, belonging to carbohydrate esterase family 1, decreased. During the enzymatic saccharificaion of the ammonia-treated biomass, the addition of a xylanase (belonging to GH family 11) to the culture with non-treated birch wood meal significantly increased saccharification yield. These results indicated that P. chrysosporium produced enzymes related to degradation of the de-acetylated xylan-containing biomass. Therefore, enzymes with potential applications in biofuel production, such as xylanase belonging to GH family 11, could be selected from the sequenced genome of P. chrysosporium. Importantly, utilization of these data to assist in the selection of enzyme cocktails for effective degradation of lignocellulosic biomass might contribute to the development and production of biofuels.

Used cooking oil is collected from citizens in Kasugai City,Aichi Prefecture.This oil is converted into Bio-diesel Fuel(BDF),and that is used for fuel of a garbage truck.However,the collected oil in Kasugai City is less than consumed amount of BDF.In this study,possibility of increasing recovery amount is considered by comparing Kasugai City and Kyoto City which is popular with using BDF. Then to grasp the collection situation, a questionnaire survey is performed for citizens.We used Geographic Information System (GIS) for questionnaire results,present condition of recovery amount are mapping.Therefore,most of citizen doesn’t know about collecting used cooking oil and most of person who brought used cooking oil is over 60.So, we proposed future policy for increasing recovery amount of used cooking oil.

Ethylene gas was produced by thermal decomposition of cherry’s fallen leaves. Cherry’s fallen leaves was put in large test tube and it was heated by infrared heater, and was raising each 50 °C for 30 minutes and it was heated even 500 °C. Gas was generated much so at high temperature. When natural zeolite was added in the state which melted by zinc chloride and tin (II) chloride, the generated gas was increased at low temperature compared with the case only fallen leaves. It was thought that hydrogen band of cellulose could be cut with zinc chloride and tin (II) chloride and the reaction of zeolite with fallen leaves became easy.

Lignin reagent was put in regular size test tube, was heated by electric furnace at 500 °C and the generated ethylene gas was measured by gas chromatography. When natural zeolite was added in the state which melted by zinc chloride, the generated ethylene gas was increased.

Key Words Ethylene gas, Thermal decomposition, Lignin, Fallen leaves, Zeolite, Zinc chloride