This study examines the decision-making process undertaken to advance the development while preserving environmental and historical assets at the &ldquoDaikin Amica Karuizawa,” a retreat built on a culturally significant site in Karuizawa. In this project, functional requirements such as circulation and parking often conflicted with environmental conservation. To address these challenges, designers, contractors, and the client worked collaboratively through investigations, workshops, and technical verifications to visualize environmental impacts and share the trade-offs associated with prioritizing functionality. Early discussions compared multiple alternatives, leading to a consensus that environmental conservation should take precedence in cases of unavoidable conflict. In the design phase, decisions were made to minimize environmental impact, such as adjusting road alignments to preserve key existing trees. During the construction phase, on-site measurements were utilized to inform strategies for protecting root systems and restoring the terrain, ensuring the realization of the design intent. Furthermore, early contractor involvement accelerated technical validation and fostered a shared value system among stakeholders. This study demonstrates that integrating physical and operational measures, adopting dynamic decision-making, visualizing unfavorable options, and early involvement of contractors are effective for resolving conflicts between environmental conservation and functional requirements.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate coffee farms in Amami Oshima, Kagoshima Prefecture, among the coffee farms in Japan, and to show the farm type and coffee cultivation environment.We conducted interviews with the farm owners and surveys throughout the four seasons using precision equipment at two coffee farms on Amami Oshima.The farms had the following characteristics: Coffee was grown on improved land in mountainous areas, which had previously been used for growing other agricultural products, and forests, windbreaks, and windbreak fences were used to protect against the wind.In addition, coffee and bananas were planted in alternating rows to suppress wind and reduce solar radiation, and fallen tree branches and leaves contributed to the development of good soil.The coffee growing environment with good tree vigor and fruit set had the following characteristics: Wind was controlled by windbreaks and fences, and temperatures were high in summer and low in winter.In addition, compared to previous studies, coffee was grown under high humidity and low light intensity, and the soil environment had a slightly low pH and EC value.

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As Japanese urban park management shifts from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement, establishing practical indicators to objectively evaluate multifaceted social values has become an urgent task. Based on insights from previous user behavior surveys, this report develops the "Management and Operational Indicators for Enhancing the Social Value of Parks," a framework comprising "Location Indicators" to measure park potential and "Action Indicators" to assess management efforts. Trial evaluations at 14 parks confirmed the framework's effectiveness in quantitatively visualizing management creativity, irrespective of management type or park size. Crucially, the visualized data functions as an evidence-based communication tool that facilitates consensus-building among government agencies, park managers, and citizens. However, challenges regarding data collection costs and performance tracking in small, unstaffed parks were identified. Future developments must focus on integrating these indicators into routine operations, creating a "simplified version" to alleviate practical burdens, and advancing toward datadriven park management through the utilization of ICT.

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Recent research on urban well-being has underscored the importance of everyday nature, emphasizing routine exposure to greenery through daily activities rather than occasional visits to major parks. However, robust methods for quantifying timebased green exposure in diverse urban environments remain underdeveloped. This technical report advances the Cumulative Green Spaces Exposure Time (CGSET) framework by integrating human mobility data with NDVI-derived vegetation metrics. Building on previous approaches that relied on Google Street View imagery to assess street- and park-level greenery, the incorporation of NDVI enabled the evaluation of intra-block vegetation not visible from the street level. The enhanced CGSET framework was applied to three central wards of Osaka City, utilizing 10-meter resolution NDVI data and approximately 1.5 million mobility points. CGSET is calculated using a provisional NDVI threshold of ≥ 0.3 and is analyzed across spatial categories including streets, parks, and non-park intra-block areas. The results reveal clear differences between the sections and demonstrate that intra-block greenery also contributes. Furthermore, areas with moderate vegetation (0.2 < NDVI < 0.3) were identified as priority targets for effective urban green planning and management.

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