Lithium ion battery is major energy storage which has chemical degradation with lifetime cycles. The previous report was focused on Lithium ion (Li-ion) battery, to which cyclic load was applied and begun to investigate the lifetime cycle deterioration and the result showed that the Li-ion battery electrolyte resistance was increased, and the battery electrode surface impedance which is attributed to parallel combination of Faradaic impedance and double-layer capacitance were also increased in progress of cycles. This study reports the other experimental results and applies the AC impedance response analysis to verify the battery deterioration. The Li-ion battery electrolyte resistance was increased with cycles which was the same response as Ni-MH battery of AB5 type electrode structure. The battery electrode surface impedance was not increased with cycles. The result did not verify the growth of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer which covers over the battery negative electrode where SEI layer has been assumed to grow along with cycles. The charge transfer resistance was affected from SEI layer of which stacking status may not be uniform with the cycle increase. The charge transfer resistance was about one fifth level to the liquid electrolyte resistance which was less effective to the overall battery real part impedance, the charge transfer resistance does not provide the co-relation of impedance increase with the cycle increase.

  Particulate matter (PM) produced from diesel engines has several serious effects on human health and the environment. Black Carbon (BC) in PM falls on sea ice in high-latitude regions promotes sea ice melting. Then marine diesel engines are strongly required to reduce PM emissions in exhaust gas. However, the diesel particulate filter (DPF) has yet to be used in a practical manner for marine diesel engines. ln this study, we have developed an electrostatic-cyclone (ESP-C) precipitator system to reduce PM emissions from marine diesel engines. PM concentrations and particle size distributions in the exhaust gas from a two-stroke marine diesel engine at the inlet and outlet of the ESP-C system were measured to investigate the collection efficiency of the ESP-C system. The experimental results showed that the ESP-C system can reduce more than 60 % of PM emissions from the test engine and that cooling of the exhaust gas is effective in improving PM collection efficiency of the ESP-C system. The ESP-C system showed high reduction efficiency for particles under 500 nm in diameter.

This paper analyzed and examined changes in the dynamic characteristics of a four-lobe hydrodynamic journal bearing, such as oil film spring coefficients and oil film damping coefficients of oil film between the journal and bearing, and the stability characteristics of a rotor supported by four-lobe hydrodynamic journal bearings when the sliding surface at bottom of bearing is tilted from where it should be due to manufacturing errors. The main results of the study show that when the bottom lobe is tilted to the eccentric direction of the journal from the reference location due to manufacturing errors, the dimensionless stability threshold speed becomes greater in comparison with the situation in which the lobe stays at the reference location.