Japanese Journal of Behavior Analysis

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages Cover1-
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages Toc1-
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_Toc1

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Teaching Daily Living Skills Using Picture Card Booklets for Students with Developmental Disabilities : Analysis of a Parent Training Program

MIWA AOKI, JUN'ICHI YAMAMOTO

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 106-117
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_106

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The present study examined the effects of picture cards on teaching daily living skills such as gathering personal belongings for school, washing hands, gargling, and engaging in academic activities to four students with developmental disabilities. The students were required to turn the pages of the picture card booklet. In the baseline assessment, none of the students emitted the response components of the skills spontaneously. In the training phase, parents taught their children using picture card booklets that represented each behavior component in the skill prompt-fading procedure. The results showed that the appropriate behavior occurred and was maintained in the home setting. These results are discussed in terms of the effects of visual prompts in the home setting and of parent training.

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Stimulus Control of Schedule Histroy Effects : Influence of Instructions and Discriminative Schedule Control

HIROTO OKOUCHI

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 118-129
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_118

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Seventeen undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of four groups and were exposed first to a multiple fixed-ratio / differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (mult FR DRL) schedule, then to a multiple fixed-interval / fixed-interval (mult FI FI) schedule. Subjects in the Minimal Instruction condition received no instructions regarding rates of responding. Subjects in the Accurate Instruction condition were instructed to respond rapidly and slowly under the FR and DRL components respectively. under the mult FI FI schedule, a constant reinforcer magnitude was delivered for the Standard FI subjects, whereas reinforcer magnitude varied with number of responses during the interval for the Modified FI subjects. For 3 of 4 subjects in the Minimum Instructions / Standard FI group, higher rates of FI responding occurred under the stimulus previously correlated with FR than that previously correlated with DRL. As a whole, stimulus control by the history effect was stronger for subjects in the Accurate Instruction condition than for those in the Minimum Instruction condition. The effects of instructions were not influenced by the correlation of reinforcer magnitude with response number.

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The Effects of Segmentation Ratio on the Choice Behavior of Pigeons in Concurrent-Chains Schedules

NAOKI YONEYAMA

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 130-136
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_130

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A concurrent-chain procedure was used to examine four pigeons' choice proportions between two chained fixed-interval fixed-interval (FI FI) schedules segmented at different locations. During initial links, two independent, concurrent variable-interval 60-s schedules were in effect with a 2-s changeover delay. In the 30-s terminal link, a reinforcer was provided by a chain FI 15-s FI 15-s schedule on one key or by a chain FI X-s FI Y-s schedule on the other. The ratio at which the latter schedule was segmented into the first (X) and second (Y) components was systematically varied at values of 1 : 5,1 : 2,1 : 1,2 : 1 and 5 : 1. Choice proportions for the variably segmented schedules increased in three pigeons as the X : Y ratio became more different from I : 1. The fourth pigeon's choice proportions increased when X increased but not when Y increased. The results suggested that choice proportions for variable segmented schedules were determined by aversiveness of the first component stimulus as X became relatively small, and by a conditioned reinforcement effect of the second component stimulus when X became relatively large.

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Parent Training Program at a Child Consultation Center for Mothers of Children with Developmental Disablilities

CHIAKI SUGANO, SHIGEO KOBAYASHI

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 137-151
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_137

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The present study sought to develop a parent training program to teach basic behavior analysis and a training method based on its principles. Twenty-three mothers of develop-mentally disabled children participated in a training program conducted at a child consultation center. The five training components of this program were : textbooks about behavior analytic theory and training techniques, lectures, group discussions, homework and record-keeping, and feedback to mothers from training staff based on their record-keeping. Results generally showed that : (1) most participants felt satisfaction with the training program, (2) all mothers exhibited an increase of scores in KBPAC (Knowledge of Behavior Principles as Applied to Children) over pre-assessment conditions, (3) most children showed positive behavior changes based on a subjective checklist. A follow-up test about 16 months after the program revealed that the effects had been maintained. However, it was unclear that participation in the program and improvements in mothers' performances were causally related. This study suggests that parent training programs based on behavior analytic procedures may be useful in community-based services.

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[title in Japanese]

SADAHIKO NAKAJIMA

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 152-154
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_152

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A Comment on Nakajima's Book Review

YOSHINORI HASEGAWA

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 155-157
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_155

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 158-167
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_158

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 168-
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_168

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 169-170
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_169

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 171-172
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_171

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages App1-
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1997 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages Cover2-
Published: March 20, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24456/jjba.10.2_Cover2

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