Change in leg motion patterns with the increase in locomotion velocity was investigated through the kinematic analysis of treadmill-walking and-running of four male subjects. The landmark coordinates of the lower limb obtained by using a real-time motion measurement system were used to calculate joint angles of the hip, knee and ankle. The results obtained from this research were as follows:

(1) Leg motion patterns described by joint angles of the lower limb are apparently different between walking and running although treadmill velocity was equivalent in the walking and running.

(2) The transition of motion between walking and running was realized by the change in the flexion and extension patterns of the ankle and hip joints.

(3) Since Lyapunov exponent varied with the change in evolution time used in the calculation of the exponent, it may be necessary to reconsider the method of calculating Lyapunov exponents and judgment if time-series data has chaotic properties.

The effects of calisthenics on the trunk postures were investigated on six female subjects ranging from 60 to 72 years old. Nine selected postures (variations of upright standing and long-sitting) were videotaped from the side when each subject was asked to be “relaxed” and then to be in “brisk” posture. The subjects performed about 5 minutes calisthenics and were compared the postures before and after the exercise.

The differences between “relaxed” and “brisk” postures were observed more obviously after calisthenics than before. And the long-sitting postures changed more plainly than the standing postures before and after the exercise. In standing, the back-shape on saggital plane didn't change as obvious as the fore-shape. In long-sitting, both the fore-shape and the back-shape of the “brisk” postures differed from the “relaxed”. After the calisthenics, the “brisk” postures were improved in both standing and long-sitting. In “relaxed” postures, not only the “good” changes but the contrary changes were found.