Japanese Journal of Biomechanics in Sports and Exercise
Online ISSN : 2434-4621
Print ISSN : 1343-1706
Volume 21, Issue 2
Displaying 1-1 of 1 articles from this issue
  • Shuji Kidokoro, Toshimasa Yanai
    2017 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 52-64
    Published: October 20, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    In baseball, an accurate impact of a ball with the “sweet spot” of the bat is absolutely imperative to slug the ball a great distance. Such a successful impact requires precise positioning of the bat in the right place at the right time. The purposes of this study were to determine the area on the bat in which the batted ball speeds were extremely high (the area defines sweet spot) and to describe the kinematic characteristics of the bat and the ball impact in the trials that the balls were hit outside the sweet spot (such a batting defines mishit). Twenty-six expert (collegiate or non-professional) baseball players were recruited and each player was asked to hit a baseball thrown by a pitching machine for 8–26 trials. Two high-speed cameras were used to record each hitting movement during the phase of ball impact at 1000 fps. Using the pool of data (the total of 1033 trials), the sweet spot was determined as the area in which the ratio of the batted ball to the bat head speed was higher than 1.13 (maximum value minus 0.05). The position of the ball at impact was represented as (a) the 3D position relative to the batsman’s body and (b) the 2D position relative to the bat-embedded reference frame. The results showed that the sweet spot was a 21×97 mm rectangle, having the center located at 145 mm from the bat head. The ball was hit successfully within the sweet spot in 341 trials and was mishit in 692 trials. In successful hitting, the ball thrown at the inside corner of the strike zone was impacted at a position closer to the pitcher than the balls thrown at the outside corner was impacted. In mishits in which the ball was hit more distal to the sweet spot, the 3D position of the ball at impact was located significantly closer to the pitcher’s side than in successful hitting. On the other hand, in mishits in which the ball was hit more proximal to the sweet spot, the 3D position of the ball was located significantly closer to the catcher’s side. Therefore, the accuracy of timing according to the pitching course is required for the successful hitting with the sweet spot of the bat.

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