The effects of orthodontic treatment on periodontal tissues will be discussed. Animal and clinical studies have suggested that applying orthodontic force to an area of periodontitis can cause progression of the disease. However, when plaque control was maintained, no such loss occurred. In addition, it is unlikely that orthodontic forces alone would cause gingival recession that would be associated with attachment loss. Thin gingival phenotype or gingival inflammation due to poor plaque control may be risk factors for gingival recession, so surgical application to increase gingival phenotype should be considered for such areas in advance.

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歯科矯正臨床において歯を動かす手段としての数々の装置への工夫や進化が行われているとともに，矯正治療に関する情報も溢れている昨今，ボーンハウジングから逸脱しないように歯を動かす重要性はよく知られている．すなわちボーンハウジングを逸脱した位置に歯を動かすことは可能であるが，その場合、治療中や治療直後，あるいは治療後数年経過してから歯肉退縮，歯根吸収，さらに歯槽骨吸収が引き起こされるリスクがあることがよく知られている1）． 　今回はそれら歯肉退縮，歯槽骨吸収，歯根吸収などの望ましくない現象を引き起こしてしまった臨床例を供覧して歯がどのようにボーンハウジングから逸脱したのかを考察するとともに，それを繰り返さないための治療方針の立案についても報告する．

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Recently cone-beam CT in the dento-maxillofacial region has been developed and used for three-dimensional diagnostic imaging of the alveolar bone. Orthodontic treatment plans should be established after assessing the three-dimensional morphology of the alveolar bone. In orthodontic treatment of Angle Class II cases，it is often accompanied by extraction of upper premolars in order to ensure the amount of retraction of upper incisors. However, contact between upper central incisors and incisive canal during orthodontic retraction might cause apical root resorption. We report the successful use of mini-screw implants to treat Angle Class II molar relationship. The combination of mini-screw implant anchorage and lingual multi bracket appliance was used in non-extraction orthodontic treatment. By non-extraction orthodontic therapy, the molar relationship was resolved by distal movement of the maxillary dentition and mesial movement of the mandibular dentition using miniscrew anchorage.

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In most cases of treatment of maxillary protrusion, bite opening is necessary, and lingual bracket orthodontic treatment provides smoother bite opening of the anterior teeth compared with labial multi-bracket treatment. However, in cases that require active intrusion of the maxillary anterior teeth, such as those with gummy smile, effective diagnosis and treatment methods and procedures need to be considered. In other words, the key point is to efficiently intrusion of the maxillary anterior teeth by the required amount, while keeping the intrusion of the mandibular anterior teeth to a minimum.

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The COVID-19 spread around the world. I report a case of COVID-19 in the way of infection control in a dental practice.

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It's been 35 years since I have learned orthodontic technician. I think, “My technician is not first-class! but not third-class. But I want to be first-class!” At the beginning, I devoted myself to my work, and later I became more wondered and questioned about “the mechanism of tooth movement and orthodontic treatment” and entered the graduate school of dental school in search of an answer after 50 years old. I also trained in England and Germany to learn about the world of orthodontics. I also touched on German lingual orthodontic appliances and treatments, and was once again surprised that Japanese lingual orthodontic treatment is one of the best in the world. There is a setup in the sophisticated technique, and it will lead to the doctor's treatment simulation (setup) for the first time after learning the patient's analysis, diagnosis, and the doctor's treatment system. I learned the joy of helping orthodontic treatment by providing the setup to the doctor and the importance of the work of the technician, and I became more interested and ambitious, but at the same time I learned the difficulty and the limit of the technician. Careful guidance and support from many doctors, and a lot of clinical experience further improved the accuracy of my setup, and at the same time start the human occlusal style, skillful occlusal function, aesthetics, and harmony with the face and jaw. I'm still learning more about the setup, which has to contain a lot of information. These are all irreplaceable assets. While introducing the guidance from many doctors in this lecture, I would like to talk about the technology and knowledge that I have been working on and the message to the young people to the next generation from my perspective.

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As CT, computerized tomography has been incorporated into daily clinical practice. It has become possible to diagnose medical conditions that could not be detected by conventional two-dimensional X-ray images, such as the relationship of the root postion in the bone housing. Despite the fact that we are currently in a transitional period of change towards full digital technology, a hybrid diagnosis and treatment method that utilizes the advantages of both digital and analog technology remains effective, while also utilizing the traditional 2-D cephalometric analysis method. 　Therefore, we present a case in which diagnosis was performed using a cephalogram constructed from CT and the TOP analyzer system, Tagahara Occlusal Plane analyzer system, and a bracket placement was performed by manufacturing an analog setup model. The patient was a 20-year-old female at the first visit. Her chief complaint of anterior protrusion of the right central incisor of the maxilla. She was diagnosed with Angle Class Ⅰ malocclusion, bimaxillary protrusion and had her first upper and lower premolars extracted and treated with half-lingual braces. Two orthodontic anchor screws were placed on the maxillary palate side to retract the anterior teeth. The active treatment period was 2 years . Although the patient's profile improved and the patient satisfied, some points that require improvement remained.

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Temporary Anchorage Device for lower molar distalization following anterior crossbite　correction by changing of the occlusal plane and mandibular replacement. This case was suggested that Temporary Anchorage Device is effective, and it should be established criteria for clinical assessment between surgery and non-surgery for skeletal Class Ⅲ．

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