Background: Health care for the cerebrovascular disease is important in institutionalized populations as well. Few existing studies have reported on the relationship between reasons for behavior and the amount of physical activity in institutionalized elderly with disabilities. We aimed to document the types of motivations for these activities along with behavioral observation methods for physical activity. We used a newly developed narrative camera method to classify the motivations of the elderly with disabilities in elderly care facilities when they perform physical activities with reproducibility of the process. 　Purpose: To categorize the motivations of the elderly with disabilities in need of the Nursing care unit for physical activity through text mining of verbatim recordings of 24-hour time-lapse images and sequential listening data. Subjects and Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional, observational study. The target population consisted of elderly people aged 75 years or older who were residing in a long-term care health care facility. Inclusion criteria were: cerebrovascular disease or musculoskeletal disease, the inclusion of at least 5 days of supine and sedentary time in a year or more than 5 days of a day that exceeded standing time, disorientation, the ability to stand, and the ability to perform the physical activity was recorded for 24 hours using a camera with time-lapse function (recolo IR7; King Jim) that took pictures once every 30 seconds. The auditory recordings were compared with the image recordings, and the reasons and motivations for the physical activity were created by creating phrases with target events and verbs, and the frequency of these phrases was counted. These phrases were categorized as reasons for the activity, either as physiological or non-physiological events. Furthermore, the reasons for the activity were classified as preference or non-preference, and if they belonged to neither, they were judged to be intermediate factors. Results: The most frequent motivation for physical activity was for urination. The second most frequent motivation was to enhance pleasure, the third was to defecate, and the fourth was to obtain information. Physical activity by these four factors accounted for 52% of the daytime structure time. The backward classification of preference and non-preference was not completed, with exceptions. Conclusion: Physical activity was found to withstand a backward analysis when classified as physiological need-based or non-physiological need-based activities based on the reason for the activity in question. The classification based on preference and non-preference reasons warranted further investigation, as there were reasons to satisfy both.

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Background: Decreased standing ability, including standing up and sitting down, is one of the factors that negatively affect pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in elderly women. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between lower limb muscle strength, movement ability, and pulse wave velocity in suburban Japanese elderly people living in a typical nursing home for the elderly. Subjects and Methods: Subjects were a group of elderly people who were able to walk independently and who were residing in three long-term care health care facilities in Gunma Prefecture. The cross-sectional study period was from April 2016 to March 2018. Outcomes were BMI values, body fat percentage (%), total body muscle mass (kg), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Performance test measures were: duration of 5 rise tests and number of 30-second repetition heel lift repetition tests. Statistical analysis was performed to assess descriptive statistics and the frequency of people falling into the standard range for each outcome, and multiple regression analysis was performed. Results: Forty-nine participants and 32 participants were included in the analysis. baPWV values were 2089.8±623.3 in Facility A, 1961.5±353.0 in Facility B, and 2203.5±773.9 in Facility C. There was no difference between the facilities. The low BMI group had significantly higher baPWV than the normal BMI group (p=0.010). baPWV was significantly higher in the group that was able to perform 20 or more heel lifts than in the group that performed 19 or fewer (p=0.035). Conclusion: BMI was found to be related to vascular function independently of exercise function. In elderly patients with near-average life expectancy, physical therapy aimed at maintaining lower extremity muscle strength, as distinguished from the improvement of motor ability, is considered important to the extent possible.

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: An attempt was made to categorize the motivations for physical activity and to investigate the frequency of physical activity motivations by proposing an objective method of assessing the initiation of physical activity based on physiological and non-physiological demands using a method actually named the wearable camera method. There are few reports on the effect of those frequencies on the actual amount of physical activity. Therefore, we investigated the effects of different motivations for physical activity on the amount of physical activity among elderly people who needed institutionalized care. Objective: To investigate the effects of different reasons for physical activity on the amount of physical activity among elderly people who need institutionalized care. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were eight people living in a long-term care facility with a history of cerebrovascular disease and three with a diagnosis of dementia. There were 11 subjects, 2 males and 9 females, with an average age of 84 years and 90 years. The methods included behavioral recording and sequential interviewing of the subjects' reasons for their 24-hour activities using a stationary chest-mounted timed imaging device (recolo IR7; King Jim) and an IC recorder (ICD-PX440; SONY) to classify the motivation for each individual's physical activity and to determine the motivation for activities based on physiological demands, The effects on the mean amount of physical activity divided into two groups by the median of the total time of activities based on non-physiological needs and preference and non-preference were evaluated by an unpaired t-test. RESULTS: In the activity groups categorized by motivation for physical activity, there was a significant mean difference in the amount of physical activity by the amount of total time of the activity based on the person's non-physiological needs between the groups where the total time of the activity based on non-physiological needs was greater than 198.5 minutes and the group where the total time of the activity based on non-physiological needs was less than 198.5 minutes. Conclusion: the amount of activity based on non-physiological needs had a significant effect on the amount of physical activity. The utilization of activities based on non-physiological needs is expected to be an effective method for the prevention of the syndrome of physical inactivity.

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BACKGROUND: We reported the effect of different motivations for physical activity on the amount of physical activity in older adults in need of institutionalized care using a wearable camera. Physical inactivity has been shown to promote worsening of pulse wave propagation velocity. However, the extent to which physical inactivity actually affects the pulse wave velocity, a health-related index, is unknown. Objective: To clarify the effect of the difference in reasons for physically active behaviors on the worsening of pulse wave velocity on the amount of physical activity in residential care. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were eight patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease and three with a diagnosis of dementia living in a geriatric health care facility. There were 11 subjects, 2 males and 9 females, with an average age of 84 years and 90 years. The methods included behavioral recording and sequential interviewing of the subjects' reasons for their 24-hour activities using a stationary chest-mounted timed imaging device (recolo IR7; King Jim) and an IC recorder (ICD-PX440; SONY) to classify the motivation for each individual's physical activity and to determine the motivation for activities based on physiological demands, Divided by non-physiological demand-based activities and divided into two groups by the median of their total time and their effect on the worsening of pulse wave propagation velocity were evaluated by the unpaired t-test. RESULTS: In the activity groups categorized by motivation for physical activity, the amount of physical activity based on the individual's non-physiological needs showed a significant mean difference in the amount of physical activity for the groups in which the total time of activity based on non-physiological needs was greater than 198.5 minutes and for the groups in which the total time of activity based on non-physiological needs was less than 198.5 minutes. Conclusion: the amount of activity based on non-physiological needs had a significant effect on the amount of physical activity. The utilization of activities based on non-physiological needs is expected to be an effective method for the prevention of the syndrome of physical inactivity.

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BACKGROUND: We reported that different motivations for physical activity affect the amount of physical activity in elderly people requiring institutionalized care, but the amount of physical activity alone, which has the little kinetic effect, is likely to have little effect on pulse wave velocity as a health-related indicator, using wearable cameras. However, as physical activity declines with age, the significance of activity support based on a person's preference is essential from a clinical perspective. We attempted to show the effectiveness of care in which the person's motivation for physical activity is lived by a measure of subjective well-being. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the motivation for physical activity and subjective well-being of elderly people in residential care. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were eight elderly people living in a long-term care facility with a history of cerebrovascular disease and three with a diagnosis of dementia. There were 11 subjects, 2 males and 9 females, with an average age of 84 years and 90 years. The methods included behavioral recording and sequential interviewing of the subjects' reasons for their 24-hour activities using a stationary chest-mounted timed imaging device (recolo IR7; King Jim) and an IC recorder (ICD-PX440; SONY) to classify the motivation for each individual's physical activity and to identify the motivations for activities based on physiological demands, Divided by non-physiological demand-based activities and divided into two groups by the median of their total time and their effect on the worsening of pulse wave propagation velocity were evaluated by the unpaired t-test. RESULTS: In the activity groups categorized by motivation for physical activity, the amount of physical activity based on the individual's non-physiological needs showed a significant mean difference in the amount of physical activity for the groups in which the total time of activity based on non-physiological needs was greater than 198.5 minutes and for the groups in which the total time of activity based on non-physiological needs was less than 198.5 minutes. Conclusion: the amount of activity based on non-physiological needs had a significant effect on the amount of physical activity. The utilization of activities based on non-physiological needs is expected to be an effective method for the prevention of the syndrome of physical inactivity.

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