The purpose of this study was to clarify the framework of conflicts occur between abusive parents and clinicians who work for the Japanese Child Protective Services. The interview was done against child social workers and child psychologists. The data was analyzed by using Grounded Theory Approach. By coding, 5 categories were found. As a result, it was recognized that the conflictive relations were led by the initial outreach which assess the actual facts. Whenever the child is under unsafety condition, clinicians are obliged to protect them from the harms based on the Child Welfare Law. Parents, however, have different point of view that they take the child protection was not adequate but feel damaged from the intervention and that make them change their attitude aggressive or even rejective. The study drew a conflictive model from the point of clinician’s view that it maybe useful to some other clinicians who have experienced similar situations. The results from the study should have any practical suggestions for the child care practice and research in the real context.

The objective of this study was to develop a scale of attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (SASPPH) and to examine its reliability and validity. Exploratory factor analyses of a sample of 391 undergraduate students revealed a 4-factor solution of internally consistent subscales, including “confidence in and expectations from professional help,” “fear of stigma,” “reluctance to face an unfamiliar situation,” and “indifference to psychological help.” Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from.728 to.855. This study provided some evidence of the validity of the new scale while examining the relationship between the SASPPH and measurements of attitudes toward seeking counseling, perception of clinical psychologists, and help-seeking intention. Furthermore, as pointed out by some previous studies, female students showed more positive attitudes than male students, and those who had previous experience expressed less indifference.

The purpose of this study was to clarify problems of suicide bulletin board systems (BBSs) in order to create a suicide-preventive community on the Internet. The data was collected in emails from 22 users of suicide BBSs, and then analyzed using the Grounded Theory Approach (one of the qualitative methods). As a result of the analysis, some categories were obtained. The result suggested that problems of suicide BBSs were classified under two categories: “Cost of counseling each other in decision-making processes”, and “Harmful effects of counseling each other”. The former was a problem that users felt before counseling, and decreased users’ activities (e.g.,sending empathetic message to other users). The latter was related with the long-term effects of access to the BBSs, and increased the risk of suicide. In addition, it was suggested that addiction to the BBSs caused by experiencing a temporary mental relief created a vicious cycle of habitual suicidal behavior (e.g., self-injury).

Consistency among actors’ evaluation of who has the right to decide on public policies that affect the interests of various people is an important premise for social governance. The present research defined legitimacy as the approvability of rights of others and the self, to participate in the management of commons, and distinguish between institutional legitimacy and perceived legitimacy. The former is secured by institutions like the legal system, whereas the latter is based on individuals’ subjective estimation like trust without institutional assurances. An interview survey targeted three actors, civil servants, a member of the local fishery cooperative, and another local resident on the red-clay runoff problem regarding damage to the shoreline and sea in Onna village in Okinawa. As a result, civil servants approved of the institutional legitimacy of the fishery cooperative, and a local resident approved of its perceived legitimacy on the basis of trustworthiness. Theoretical and applicable contributions of two types of legitimacy to expand social governance in managing commons are discussed.