In a three-dimensional acoustic field, it is difficult to control sound in the whole room using the active noise control (ANC) technique. Instead, an around-head-control is investigated in this paper. It can reduce noise locally around the head with the simple equipment. However, there is a problem that the control effect during the movement is worse by the conventional adaptive algorithms. Against this problem, we propose a new method following movement of an evaluation point in a reverberant room. During the movement, the algorithm can control noise by interpolating the secondary path of the Filtered-x algorithm. In the algorithm, Common-Pole and Residue model is used for the interpolation, and the updating size appropriate to each coefficient of the adaptive filter is calculated by using a step size vector. The validity of the proposed method is shown by the numerical simulation and the experiment.

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To apply an active noise control technique to the fan noise is more complicated than to the plane wave acoustic field, because rotating acoustic modes are generated due to the interaction of stators and rotating blades. In order to achieve the essential elimination of rotating acoustic modes inside the duct, a real-time active noise control system is developed. This system is based on the following techniques; mode decomposition by microphone array, reproduction of rotating acoustic modes by array of loudspeakers and adaptive control using filtered-x LMS algorithm. This paper describes a fundamental study on multiple acoustic modes reduction by this system.

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Two devices generating an infrasound used for field experiments were developed. The first one can generate continuous infrasound with a pressure level over 110 dB at a distance of 3 meters within the frequency range of 5 -20 Hz. This device is transportable using a truck. The other one generates infrasound over 100 dB within the same frequency range. This device is mounted in the van and is more transportable than the former. We conducted field experiments using both devices to verify active control technology for infrasound. The experiments results indicated that this method could reduce infrasound of 5 Hz by over 25 dB.

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This paper describes the effect of spanwise interval synthetic jets on the reduction of aerodynamic noise radiated from a pantograph head for a high speed train. Noise measurement results indicate that the ejection of synthetic jets in parts of spanwise area of full-scale panhead model is more effective than in the whole spanwise area for the reduction of aeolian tone. In addition, this method makes it possible that actuation noise can be reduced.

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This paper described a field experiment result and its examination on flow-induced vibration of a two-step roller-gate installed in one estuary barrage in Japan. In the experiment, the vibration was measured at a center and both sides of the gate span, by varying the upper weir position when the lower weir was laid on the river bed. As results, the vibration was observed under limited conditions of up/downstream water levels and overflow height, and it was found that lower weir vibrated around the bottom edge like an inverted pendulum, at frequencies of 0.2 to 0.3Hz, with amplitudes of over 30mm. Moreover, after calculating the lower weir's moment of the hydrostatic fluid force and gate's gravity around the bottom, the water level conditions for the vibration occurrence coincided with ones for when the moment nearly equals zero, that is, the gate stands vertically without any rollers.

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The authors experimentally study the characteristics of the flow around/inside a cross-flow fan, namely, a cross-flow impeller. In order to eliminate complicated influence of many casing factors, the impeller rotates in open space without any casings. As a result, at some aspect ratios L/D_2's, including the singular aspect ratio L/D_2 = 0.6 at which the outflow rate Q. out of the impeller and the maximum vorticity ω_<max> attain the maximum values, the authors reveal minute fluctuating pressures on an impeller's end wall. In our previous pressure measurements (Hirata et al., 2012 & 2013), the eccentric vortex inside the impeller is prevented to revolute by means of the insertion of a tongue, in order to detect the spatial structure of flow more precisely. On the other hand, the authors conduct the measurements without the tongue. By comparing the distributions for L/D_2 = 0.6 with those for L/D_2 = 1.0, the authors reveal that the radial position of an eccentric-vortex center becomes inward with decreasing L/D_2. For L/D_2 = 0.6, the authors confirm the minimum-pressure coefficient C_<pmin> which is a reduced minimum pressure defind by p_<min>/0.5pu_2^2 tends to decrease with decreasing Re at 2r/D_2 ? 0.5. ForL/D_2 = 1.0, this tendency is converse.

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This study deals with the aerodynamic sound, especially the aeolian tone. One of the problems with the aerodynamic sound, noise reduction along a railway line is significant engineering issue for further speed-up of a high-speed train. In particular, a pantograph is one of the main aerodynamic noise sources of a high-speed train. In this paper, the aerodynamic sound and the wake flow of the combinational inclined circular cylinder are experimentally and numerically investigated in knuckle upstream and knuckle downstream. Also, we suggest that the rough surface interacts with the aerodynamic sound generated from the model. Here, it is considered that the comparison of aerodynamic sound between the model with the rough and smooth surfaces. Consequently, the noise reduction method is effective that the model with the rough surface.

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Reduction of aerodynamic noise emitted from a panhead is a very important subject for environmental preservation and speed-up of Shinkansen trains. In the present study, control of flow around pantograph head using a steady blowing or suction near the separation point was studied. The results of wind tunnel test show that both blowing and suction method can reduce peak level of narrow band noise known as Aeolien tone. It is estimated that blowing or suction flow speed should be above four times larger than the main flow speed to obtain enough aerodynamic noise reduction effect.

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An impulsive pressure wave radiated from a tunnel exit portal, called a micro-pressure wave, is one of the important wayside environmental problems in high-speed railways. We have proposed a new countermeasure against the micro-pressure wave, which is a hood with an inside partition installed at a tunnel exit portal. Since Shinkansen tunnels are double-tracked tunnels, an opposite train enters the hood. Consequently, it is necessary to estimate the effect of the inside partition on the compression wave generated by the opposite train. In this paper, the effect has been clarified by an acoustic analysis and model experiments.

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Noise and vibration control are the one of important issues. A sound insulation cover which covers a sound source js very useful for the noise reduction. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the acoustic characteristic of a sound insulation cover using acoustic/structure coupled analysis. It is clearly that sound pressure distributions inside and outside cover changed obviously according to the input frequency of a sound source. Several peaks of the sound pressure level were observed and these peaks were depended on the natural frequency and the resonance frequency of the insulation cover. Detail characteristic of the acoustic resonance phenomena was investigated and the acoustic modes of even numbers were observed inside the insulation cover.

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In our previous report, a concentrated mass model was proposed to analyze a two-dimensional acoustic analysis. The model takes into account a sound attenuation from viscosity. In this paper, we propose a concentrated mass model to perform a coupled analysis of a two-dimensional acoustic and a membrane vibration. Sound space and a membrane are modeled as masses, connecting springs, and connecting dampers. And we propose a coupling method between the acoustic analysis and the vibration analysis. To confirm the validity of the proposed model, the numerical results obtained by the concentrated mass model are compared with the theoretical value of the natural frequency. The numerical computational results agree very well with the theoretical values. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposed model is valid for the coupled analysis of acoustic and vibration analysis.

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Vibration and noise need to be calculated with a high degree of accuracy to estimate the radiated noise and vibration induced by the electromagnetic force from a motor. With a motor that has a three-dimensional electromagnetic field, the amplitudes and phases of electromagnetic force harmonics change with the axial position of the motor. We developed a way to analyze frequency responses of electromagnetically induced vibration using the electromagnetic force harmonics in representative plural axial cross-sections. We measured and calculated a sample motor's vibration induced by the 12th time order electromagnetic force harmonics, which has a dominant effect on the overall vibration, and we compared the vibration velocity levels. We calculated both the rotation speeds and vibration velocity levels with a high degree of accuracy at two observable peaks.

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This paper describes a method of controlling the noise radiated from multiple openings of an enclosure by appropriately arranging absorbing materials. There are two steps in the method. First, the sound pressure and acoustic particle velocity in the enclosure are calculated by numerical simulation. Next, we examine the arrangement of the absorbing materials to decrease the acoustic energy of the radiated sound from the openings based on the numerical results of the FDTD method. The numerical results show that there are peaks caused by the natural frequencies of the enclosure and the peak caused by the resonant frequency in the characteristics of sound pressure levels measured at the center of each opening. The numerical results reveal that if the absorbing materials are appropriately arranged, the sound pressure levels at the natural frequencies can be suppressed. Experimental results also show the same tendency.

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When a railway train passes over discontinuities on a rail, e.g. rail joints, the discontinuities induce large interaction forces on both wheel and track. Consequently, impact noise is generated impulsively and is much greater than rolling noise. In this paper, an attempt is made to understand impact noise generation mechanism theoretically. Using the measurement results obtained through both static tests and field tests, a prediction model is developed. By using the model, the overall trends in noise are well predicted. Also, the model gives an estimate of the contributions of wheel, rail and sleeper to the total impact noise at the joint.

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Impact noise occurs when a train passes through the section of discontinuous rail. It is one of the sources of the environmental problem of railway traffic. Therefore, the characteristics of impact noise have been investigated using the measurement results obtained both static test and running test. In this paper, an attempt is made to evaluate the vibration properties of the rail and wayside noise at two rail joints. The result shows that the frequency characteristics of the rail vibration and wayside noise at each rail joint are different. One reason is that the wheel/rail contact force is different from each other. Furthermore, the relationship between the wheel/rail contact force and the displacement of the wheel axle which is derived from a profile shape of jointed rails is investigated.

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Recently impact noise generated at an insulated joint has been an issue to be reduced, because the conventional countermeasure such as the rail welding cannot be applied to those points. Therefore the noise reduction effects of three countermeasure materials which are Noise Insulator for Rail Joint, Noise Insulator for Rail and Absorptive Materials on Tracks were investigated at the glued-insulated joint of the commercial line. These materials are all for reducing the noise around the rail joint by utilizing the noise absorbing and insulating properties. As the result of the test, impact noise generated when the train passed through the glued-insulated joint was reduced by about 4dB around rail joint by combined use of three countermeasure materials.

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In order to predict the interior noise of rolling stocks, an SEA (Statistical Energy Analysis) model of a whole railway carbody has been developed. Since the carbody shell is made of extruded aluminum double skin structures and their CLF (Coupling Loss Factor) cannot be easily estimated from theoretical equations, sectional FEM models of the carbody shell were used to calculate CLFs between each SEA subsystem. The whole carbody shell was modeled as plate subsystems using above mentioned CLFs, and interior panels and the passenger room were also modeled as SEA subsystems. Then, in order to simulate the interior noise of the passenger room with an operational engine under the carbody, input power of the engine was calculated from measured acceleration data. Calculated input power was applied to the SEA model, and the simulated vibration level of the carbody, as well as interior noise of the passenger room agreed well with the experimental results.

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Radiated sound from floor panels as the structure borne sound propagated from the bogie is one of main elements in the interior noise of railway vehicle. The authors investigated the characteristic of the vibration and the radiated sound of the floor panels in the vehicle interior by shaking tests. In addition, we proposed and implemented two different noise reduction countermeasures. One of which is supporting the floor panels elastically floating floor structure, and the other is supporting "divided" floor panels elastically. As a result of implementing each countermeasure respectively, the reduction effects of vibration and radiated sound have been achieved.

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We have developed inspection method to diagnose tank bottom plate by ultrasonic testing (UT) without tank opening. This paper describes a part of our result of study which is the screening method to identify corrosion area by long range UT. The applicability to diagnose tank bottom plate without tank opening by long range UT was revealed in some examinations. Jig of ultrasonic probe was developed in order to keep constant distance between ultrasonic probe and side plate of tank. It was demonstrated that the method is appropriate to detect wave reflected form corrosion area by conducting an experiment using specimen which is cut from actual bottom plate. We consider that the proposed method can be applied to the screening by creation of further database.

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Larynx cancer or pulmonary problems cause initial symptoms such as hoarse voice. There is a possibility that making diagnoses of state of affected area by analyzing these change of voice. In this study, our purpose is to enable diagnoses of larynx cancer or pulmonary problems by an acoustic analysis model inside of the vocal tract. As a first step, we aimed to establish an acoustic analysis method in the vocal tract and identification method of vocal tract shapes and vocal sound source waveforms. In this paper, We modeled the air in the vocal tract by a concentrated mass model consists of masses, connecting linear springs, connecting dampers, and base support dampers, and made an acoustic analysis model in the vocal tract. Then we estimated vocal tract shapes by using Levenberg-Marquardt method, and analyzed vocal sound source waveforms by using transfer matrix method from measured voice wave. And we simulated a speech production by the analyzed sound source. The identified vocal tract shapes are valid and the analyzed vocal sound source waveforms are similar to the Rosenberg wave. The speech production results are clear voices. Then, we conclude our proposed methods are valid.

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Minimizing load to the floor while spinning of drum type washer was studied. The outer tub of drum type washer supporting rotational drum is supported by vibration isolation structure, with a pair of dampers, springs, and rubber bushes. Using RecurDyn, amplitude of drum vibration and load to the floor were analyzed and processed using design of experiments. Both amplitude of vertical vibration and load to the floor were reduced with asymmetrical vibration isolation structure with larger left-side coefficient of dumper than the right side, and with larger right-side spring constant than the left side. This asymmetry was appeared because the drum rotates around counterclockwise while spinning. As a result, at the highest spinning speed, load to the floor was reduced 10% with asymmetric vibration isolation structure compared with the symmetric feature.

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This paper discusses a method of reducing sound pressure level in mail processing machines at low cost. Based on sound-reflective and reverberative characteristics of a stack part of mail processing machine, we have reduced sound pressure level by opening back side of a stack part. Reduced sound pressure level at an evaluation point is examined by a model with a front and a back opening which has a trade-off between decreasing internal sound and increasing diffracted sound. We have applied this method to a stack part of mail processing machine, and experimental value roughly corresponded to calculated value. The reduced sound pressure level of a slit-like back opening was 3dB under white noise, and it had the same effect as a sound-absorption material.

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This paper describes the experimental investigation on the acoustic absorption caused by interaction of sound waves with fine-scale jets through conical holes. The experiments were carried out on three types of perforated plate: one has the straight holes, another have semi-conical and conical. The experimental results showed that the absorption was enhanced by not only the fine-scale jets through the perforated plate but also the effect of cross sectional area of the holes. The fine-scale jets through the conical holes provided a better absorption coefficient over a wide frequency range.

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An acoustic transparent wall was developed and applied to car air conditioner ducts for the purpose of noise reduction in a car cabin. The acoustic transparent wall is a plate through which sound can pass easily but flow cannot pass. This technique has already been applied to casings and ducts of ventilating fans to reduce the inlet and/or exhaust noise. In this paper, acoustic analysis was performed by use of the boundary element method. This analysis gives the sum of the acoustic impedance considered material characteristic and the radiation impedance considered shape to the boundary condition of the acoustic transparent wall. The simulation results of acoustic analysis were verified by compared with the measured results.The simulation results agree with the measured results.

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A lined duct is often used to reduce noise generated from machinery. The performance of the duct can be predicted by means of numerical analysis such as BEM or FEM. In order to predict the performance by using numerical analysis, sound absorbing materials ling the duct are usually modeled as a surface impedance. However, in the case when the cross sectional area is smaller than the wavelength, the accuracy of the prediction deteriorates because the locally-reacting assumption is not effective. When the absorbing materials are modeled correctly by Biot-Allard theory, the performance of the duct can be predicted more accurately even in that case. However, it is difficult to apply to a practical issue since a lot of parameters are needed to obtain and the simulation model is too complex. In this paper, a new method of identifying the surface impedance of the absorbing material is proposed which is especially effective in the narrow duct case and the validity is verified in some cases.

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The preparation of monodispersed NiO particles in SBA-15 using the direct hydrothermal synthesis method with various combinations of metallic salt precursors and acids was investigated in detail. With NiO/SBA-15 containing less than 1 wt% NiO, the NiO particles were monodispersed in the SBA-15 framework using the HCl + Ni(NO_3)_2 combination, whereas when the NiO amount exceeded 2 wt%, the NiO particles aggregated. However, with NiO/SBA-15 containing less than 25 wt% NiO, the NiO particles were monodispersed in the SBA-15 framework using the HCl + NiSO_4 combination, whereas when the NiO amount exceeded 30 wt%, the NiO particles aggregated. In addition, the reverse water-gas-shift (RWGS) reaction was studied using NiO/SBA-15 obtained by different combinations. Regardless of the combination and temperature, the CO selectivity was 100 % using monodispersed NiO particles. In the presence of aggregated NiO particles, the CO selectivity was 100 % only at high temperature; by contrast, the CO selectivity was less than 100 % at low temperature. To achieve high CO_2 conversion and 100 % CO selectivity, the HCl + Ni(NO_3)_2 combination was not desired due to small metal loading, whereas the HCl + NiSO_4 combination was necessary owing to large metal loading. Moreover, NiO/SBA-15 had relatively high thermal stability.

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Biphenyl dioxygenase is one of the Rieske-type oxygenases, which catalyze the insertion of oxygen into the aromatic ring, and is produced in chemoheterotrophic bacteria that have ability to degrade biphenyl and congeners of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). Comamonas testosteroni strains YAZ2 and YU14-111 are gram-negative and rod-shaped aerobic bacteria that are newly isolated from the soil from Yonezawa. They can utilize biphenyl as a sole carbon energy source and can degrade PCBs effectively. Meanwhile, microbubbles with diameters less than 100 μm are receiving attention because of their properties such as large surface area per unit volume, low rising velocity, and self-pressurization due to surface tension. Using microbubbles can make the solubility of oxygen improved in comparison with conventional bubble contactors. Here, we present that the biphenyl dioxygenase over-expressed bacterial formulations of C. testosteroni strains highly degraded PCBs when the solution for catalyzing reaction was saturated with oxygen by ultrasonically generated microbubbles. The degradation rate of PCBs by the YU14-111 formulation with oxygen microbubbles increased up to 8% compared to that without the microbubbles. Furthermore, the time-dependent PCB degradation by the YAZ2 formulation also resulted in increased degradation rate up to 15.1% in 48hrs with oxygen microbubbles compared to that without microbubbles. These data suggest that the ultrasonically generated microbubble with oxygen up-modulates the catalytic activity of the PCB-degrading bacterial formulation regardless of the strains.

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We have been studying on a dynamic observation system to monitor the aged deterioration of water-soluble coolant. The aged deterioration of coolant changes the color and turbidity of coolant and affects the reflectance, absorbance and transmittance of light. An observation technique using red, green and blue LED lights was proposed as a nondestructive measured method to detect the color and turbidity change. In the case of less than 2% of oil content in the coolant, the concentration of oil content and impurities could be monitored separately from the reflectance of red LED and blue LED lights. While the colored LED lights showed a similar reflectance independent of the oil content in the water-soluble coolant and color of light on condition that the oil content is over 5%.

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In the upper register (about 1350℃) in "Fluidized-bed gastification melting furnace" that melted and processed home refuse of the municipality, the. erosive environment was severe, and thermo-couple (SUS316) for the combustion temperature measurement was the unavailability on about seven days. Then, the improvement of about five times or more durability was able to be confirmed by coating it by "Heatproof and oxidation-proof coating material (fireproof courting material)" that was a new technology through the proving test. Afterwards, the practical application was made, and continues to use today. By this change cost savings of thermocouple has led in Nagareyama City, Chiba Prefecture..

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There is a drawback associated with incineration of radioactively contaminated wastes in ordinary incinerators because radioactive materials can be released into fly ash and radioactively contaminate downstream components. However, a novel in-furnace air cooling incinerator has a potential to control the release of radioactive materials during combustion of contaminated wastes. In this research, the release of radioactive cesium during incineration of contaminated rice straw residues, as well as the amount of fly ash and the burning speed was investigated.

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It is still a problem concerned that the radioactive Cs is concentrated in MSW incineration residues such as fly ash. Therefore, further developments in incineration technology and management for the MSW containing radioactive materials are needed. In this study, the radioactive Cs and other elements were measured at two types of MSW incineration plants that were a stoker furnace with ash melting furnace, and a gasification and melting furnace. The measurements mainly covered the influence of the change in the composition of the waste incinerated and the ratio of the bottom ash and the fly ash to be melted in the ash melting furnace. The results obtained are;1) Si affects the fate of radioactive Cs in the bottom ash and slag, and Cl affects that in the fly ashes both from incineration and melting process, 2) Radioactive concentration of the slag increases with the decrease of the slag basicity defined as the ratio of CaO/SiO_2, which may suggest that the basicity is a practical index for the radioactive concentration in the produced slag.

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In this study, nitrogen emission behavior of woody waste on pyrolysis treatment was investigated by thermal treatment and TG-FTIR measurement. It was found that tar-N from woody waste is 50-65% and char-N is 28-45% and the rest is NH_3 and HCN at pyrolysis temperature in the range of 423-770 deg C. In addition, this experiment showed that main nitrogen component in tar-N is formamide, and pyrolysis product components from formamide is mainly NH_3.

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JFE Engineering Corp. has provided ten facilities of its unique high -temperature gasifying and direct melting furnace in Japan. These plants are able to treat and gasify various kinds 0f wastes and are capable of melting the ash through the usage of coke. In order to increase the environmental compatibility, JFE Engineering Corp. has developed various methods to reduce the consumption of coke. The possibility of using rice husk briquette as a coke substitute was investigated in a commercial plant. The results show that the rice husk briquette can substitute for coke having same calorific value. Despite of high temperature condition in the furnace, it is considered that the rice husk briquette can reach the bottom of furnace holding not only fixed carbon but also volatile matter. It was found that the coke reduction ratio exceeded 50%, which results 1n remarkable decrease in CO_2 emission.

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It has become well-known that heavy metals have bad effects on high temperature corrosion of boiler tubes in waste-to-energy plants, but the detailed behavior is still not clear. In this work, behavior of heavy metals was investigated by analyzing ash deposits in an actual plant and conducting corrosion tests with artificial ashes based on the actual ash compositions. Heavy metals condense to the tube side of the ash deposits. This leads to depression of melting points of ash deposits and condensation of Cl on tube surface. Therefore heavy metals cause deterioration of corrosive environment. Especially, Cu has a strong impact on corrosion. Alloys containing Mo have some resistance to the corrosion.

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Authors were performed the CO_2 corrosion experiment of the carbon steel in low corrosive environment of flow velocity 0 m/s and solution volume to specimen area ratio 0.8 mL/cm^2. In this paper, authors were investigated about corrosion increase in quantity, corrosion rate, size distribution and section form of corrosion products. And, authors were considered to CO_2 corrosion behavior of carbon steel on temperature change from 60℃ to 200℃. According to increase of the experiment temperature, corrosion increase in quantity was increased an d corrosion rate was decreased. Then, in 100℃, 150℃, 200℃, number of the corrosion product was decreased and mean size of the corrosion product was increased. Thickness of the corrosion product was decreased between 100℃ and 150℃, but was increased between 150℃ and 200℃. Based on the result, authors were estimated the CO_2 corrosion mechanism of carbon steel at 100℃, 150℃ and 200℃ in low corrosive environment.

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Automobiles that are properly disposed under the automobile recycle law are further desired with enhancement in recycling. Especially enhancing reuse which lay in the superordinate concept of recycle, or in other words, promoting the spread of recycled parts is necessary. In this paper, we researched about the present usage of recycle parts among auto-repair shops, and from the results, effect of using recycled parts were evaluated from the environmental and economic point of view. 12 parts were our subject of observation, and by comparing automobiles that use these parts as a recycled part and as a new part, we were able to show a reduction of 821kg of CO_2 and 59 kg of ASR per automobile. Also, from the economical point of view, 24 thousand yen were reduced from a 100 thousand yen repair. By applying these analyzed results, we proposed a method in which to enhance the usage of recycled parts in auto-repair shops.

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Of radioactive material was spread by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, a half-life of cesium-137 contamination by long are becoming a serious problem. Incineration is an effective method to reduce the volume of waste and by-product-based agriculture and forestry, the behavior of cesium in incinerated remains unclear. Therefore, we report the result with respect to the processing of fly ash has been condensed evaporation of cesium and cesium in incineration was investigated experimentally.

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This report shows the development of 3D modeling method of Teshima waste disposal project using GPS. Teshima waste disposal project has been conducted since 2003 as a solution of the illegal industrial waste dumping occurred in Teshima-island, Kagawa Prefecture. To prevent illegal dumping and to accumulate data of this project, we measured the disposal area 4 times a year and made the 3D model of the area. We call this system a "Co-creation system". By comparing the 3D model change in time course, we can show stakeholders how the project has advanced.. And by measuring the area changed between the two 3D models, we can calculate the amount of disposed garbage. With this system we promoted information sharing between stakeholders.

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From the point of view of securing resources of rare metals, construction of resource recovery system from small appliances is being considered. However, it cannot be said that careful consideration has been done for their design method. We the autho rs have manually disassembled 365 products of various small appliances so far, and have accumulated information such as material composition to build a database for domestic appliances. In this paper, small domestic appliances were put to the crushing and screening experiment, which was carried out at a treatment facility in Saitama prefecture, for collecting various resources to investigate their material compositions. Then, our domestic appliances database was exploited in leading the relevance between the input objects and output particles in treatment facilities. Thereby, it was made possible to estimate output particles from the material compositions of input objects. In addition, from the perspective of economic efficiency and environmental performance, a selection method of optimal product group as input object was constructed.

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The resource demand is increasing every day as the developing countries are ascendant. All the countries of the world are aiming at building a recycling-oriented society in recent years. Because of the argument about building a reasonable international resources recycling system and technology transfer from Japan is high-profile these days, the research focus on the quantitative feasibility development indicators. Concretely, in order to put the past research of integrated indicator ELP into China, based on the result of questionnaire and text mining, estimating the index which reflected Chinese character and regionality and building the database of environmental load. Besides, the research is going to test the feasibility of comprehensive indicator ELP in China, and also will discuss how to use it. In the end, we will study the waste paper case.

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Accident frequency rate of waste disposal and recycling facilities is high compared to the manufacturing and construction industry that is considered accident occurs experiencing a high in general. And it is required of sophisticated of safety measures at there. We build accident database and developed tools to assist in the business, such as safety patrol using by ICT such as iPhone. Further, by creating a reproduction video accidents and hazard map using the 3D-VR, aimed at advanced safety training approach. It can be seen that through the analysis of the database, accidents such as shovel loaders, forklifts and is most likely to happen loading-unloading work at the time and operated and running so we reproduced in the 3D-VR on the case.

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Effective use of food waste is needed from a viewpoint of recycling and energy utilization system. But, it is in the situation which is hard to say that sufficient measure is progressing, because of not to have evaluated objectively superiority such as recycling and energy utilization system, to differ in the conditions of a systems configuration with the local characteristic and so on. Therefore, in order to examine the effective use of food waste generated in regional areas, the recycling and energy utilization system was evaluated by LCA. First, We carried out the case study based on the knowledge of reducing the environmental impacts of a processing system with selection of recovery area and cooperation with an existing infrastructure like a garbage processing plant. As a result, It turned out that it is most excellent that we perform a methane fermentation institution on the basis of less than 20 km in radius.

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Stable carbon isotope ratios of carbon dioxide (CO_2) in gasoline-, diesel- and natural gas-fueled automobiles exhaust were measured after catalyst treatment device using a near-IR laser based spectrometer. In the case of gasoline-fueled automobiles, CO_2 stable carbon isotope ratios were measured before catalyst treatment device. CO_2 concentration and CO_2 stable carbon isotope ratios in gasoline-fueled automobile exhaust were changed in accordance with the driving conditions. The variations of them were found to be due to the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and the difference of the reactivity of stable carbon isotopes on the catalyst treatment device. We also found that there were differences between CO_2 stable carbon isotope ratios in the gasoline-, diesel-fueled automobiles exhaust and those in the natural gas-fueled automobile exhaust.

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