Polishing by using lapping tape can get fine surface very efficiently and keep working environment clean. So the lapping tapes are used in many fields, including the field of electronics. But the lapping tapes with a polyester film backing are poorly flexible and their chip pockets on their plane of action are small. So the new lapping tape which has better polishing functions has been wanted. Then this study develops the new one with rough pattern on its plane of action by polishing. The new one is much more efficient than usual one. We study the characteristics of polishing experimentally.

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The heat curing oil film method using thermosetting property oil film is a new oil film method. The heat curing oil film method, in which not only the plane flow pattern in wall surface but also oil film thickness of the steady flow can be measured, is newly developed. The heat curing oil film method is a very useful method for visualization of an air flow in the clearance of an externally pressurized gas-lubricated circular thrust bearing with a central supply hole. The rheological characteristics and the effect of the oleic acid on the rheological characteristics of the heat curing oil without hardener are investigated in this paper.

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As for the friction between flexible material e.g. rubber and the object, it is important to study the surface viscoelasticity characteristics at high frequency. In this report, in order to investigate the relationship between the fictional characteristics of rubber and the viscoelasticity the fictional test between the rubber roller and paper and dynamic viscoelasticity characteristic by DMA were conducted. As a result, some qualitative relationship had been found for these two measurement methods.

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This is a research on polish processing of the mold by GC. In GC polishing it is effective to utilize the CL date which is used in cutting processing. In GC polishing, elastic wheel is used to keep the form accuracy which is obtained in cutting process.

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Thin solid lubricant layers were formed by a continuous CO_2 gas laser irradiation. Lubricant powders, mixture of graphite (C) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS_2), graphite and boron nitride (BN), were spread on a stainless steel (SUS316) substrate with a commercial brazing flux and subjected to scanned laser beam irradiation in an argon or air atmosphere. Clad layers were formed under different laser powers and specimen feed rates. It was found from the friction test that some clad layers with low friction and long life could be formed under optimum laser powers. The best lubricant layer with the longest life was obtained from graphite and boron nitride mixture processed in the air atmosphere.

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ER fluids can change their rheology by application of an electric field. We proposed one-sided pattern electrode as a novel method of application to ER fluid. In this paper, we apply it to polishing.

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This study shows how to use cylindrical shape memory allows (SMA) as chucking part because chucking part can be simplified and miniaturized. SMA cannot be utilized as chucking tool since it is one-way direction, but it was possible to automatically attach and take a tool off by changing temperature in case cylindrical SMA was made complex cylinder with S30C. Secondly, we experimented on tensile stress and torsional stress whether it can resist forth of real cutting or not. As a result in this study, it was clear that combing cylinder with cylindrical SMA could resist forth of real cutting. Therefore we will be able to design a trial manufactuire from now on.

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This paper deals with a systematic method to analyze geometric deviations of features in mechanical parts. The geometric features and their tolerance zone are analyzed for the three-dimensional mechanical parts based on the JIS standards. An analytical method is proposed to estimate the geometric deviations of the features based on the relationships between the datum features and the target features in the mechanical parts.

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Our study uses two kinds of Silicon materials which are N-type and P type. The purpose of our study is to investigate the effect of Silicon conduction type on high-aspect-ratio deep etching rate. As a result, it became clear that P-type Silicon has higher etching rate than N-type Silicon on the fabrication condition where the chemical etching process is more dominant than physical etching process.

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Recently the direct carving processing of the metallic mold by cutting and grinding has been developed. However, it is difficult to machine the corner of the metallic mold by the method. The corner processing of the metallic mold by EDM is effective. But, in order to use EDM, it is necessary to carry workpiece from cutting machine. It will be big merit if the corner processing of the metallic mold by mist EDM is possible on the same cutting machine. In this research, development that gives EDM function to machining center has been conducted.

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Cutting performances of CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) diamond coated drills on brittle materials as amorphous carbon was investigated and optimum drilling condition was discussed experimentally. A guide plate was stuck on the surface of the workpice in order to reduce crack and chipping formed in the processing. As the result, good processing holes were obtained in the brittle model processing conditions.

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The shape generation process deals only with the kinematic deviations of the machine tools. The objective of the research is to establish an analytical method to estimate the kinematic motion deviations due to the deformations of the components, based on the shape generatoin process. The elastic deformations of the driving components are firstly analyzed, and the kinematic motion deviations of the shape generation motion is then estimated.

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Development of coated tool is activity performed in recent years for the purpose of extending tool life and application for cutting of high hardness and high toughness material in order to acquire a machined surface side by stabilizing the cutting edge. However, in case of cutting ductility material, such as aluminum alloy, it is easy to occur cohesion of chips, and that causes chipping of cutting edge. These are causes of material chipping on cutting edge. Then, Application of the Diamond-like carbon (DLC) film was considered, DLC film has outstanding properties such as high hardness, chemical resistance, and low friction coefficient under various conditions. DLC films were discussed in regard to the hardness and scratch tests to machine aluminum ally in this study.

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Dry blasting method especially suits to brittle materials. But processing characteristics of dry blasting change as blasting times increase, and the change influence the quality and efficiency of product. Therefore fracture process of abrasive grains, change of collected percent of abrasive grains and change of stock removal primarily have to be cleared. This study deals with the investigation into effects of abrasive grains on the processing characteristics by repeated experimental Dry Blasting for brittle materials such as ceramics and glasses. SiC grains are commonly used for processing brittle materials because these particles have sharp edges and possess comparatively high hardness, while Al_2O_3 grains are comparatively tough. B_4C grains possess both high hardness and tough. As a result, it is shown that the difference in the blasting pressure, quantity and material of abrasive grains influences stock removal and collected percent of abrasive grains.

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Roller burnishing is one of the post-machining methods employed to finish the machined surface. The surface of the material was compressed by a hard and highly polished tool (a ball or a roller). With this method it is able to get mirror surface easily with low costs. These advantages of roller burnishing come from simple construction of tooling and the utilization of general-purpose machine tools in the process. Surface properties (such as fatigue life; reliability of the machined surfaces and hardness) can be improved by the method. In this study roller burnishing experiment on inclined plane was conducted by machining center (MC). The influence of burnishing conditions on the surface was considered.

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This paper deals with a systematic method to analyze kinematic errors of machine tools. A mathematical model is firstly proposed to represent the relationships between the kinematic motion deviations of the linear table units and the geometric deviations of their components. The kinematic motion deviations of the machining center are analyzed by applying both the model proposed here and the Monte-Carlo simulation method.

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Recently, cutting process technology of enough consideration for work environment of production scene and protection of earth environment are required. On the other hand, stainless steel is demanded widely in various fields, chemical industry, domestic appliance, mechanical structure parts and other things. But, there is the present situation that the cutting process technology is not enough established for difficulty cutting materials. Therefore, in this research, decide to investigate coolant-less processing for cutting stainless steel. Cutting characteristics in end mill with airhole when a cold-air flow and a dry-ice shower are used are compared with those of the conventional method and examined.

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Improvement in the speed and precision of a machining center progressed very much in recent years. As the results, light cutting with high-speed is increasingly performed using micro endmill because of many the advantage. In this research, an experiment with a micro ball endmill of Φ0.3 is performed and influences of cutting conditions on such as cutting force and cutting accuracy, tool wear were examined.

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The macroscopic ferroelectric properties of piezoelectric polycrystals are strongly affected by the microscopic non-homogeneous crystal structure. In our previous study, a multi-scale finite element procedure based on crystallographic homogenization method has been developed to estimate macroscopic properties considering distributions of crystal orientations. In this paper, the crystal orientation of barium titanate has been measured by EBSD (Electron Back Scatter Diffraction Patterns), and the experimental result has been introduced to the microscopic structure model. As the prediction of macroscopic properties depends on the sampling procedure of the experimental crystal orientation, the effects of number of sampling points and sampling area have been investigated. As a result, both effective values have been caught to estimate macroscopic ferroelectric properties.

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The macroscopic piezo-electroelastic properties of piezoelectric particles-dispersed composites are affected by the geometric scatter of particles. In this study, a multi-scale finite element analysis based on homogenization method is proposed to estimate the macroscopic piezo-electroelastic properties considering the geometric scatter of particles. As an example, the effects of scatters in diameter and aspect ratio of particle have been investigated numerically for piezoelectric composite consisting of PZT particles and epoxy resin. It was recognized that the scatter of diameter has lager influence on macroscopic properties than one of aspect ratio.

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Woven fabric composites have superior mechanical properties to the conventional unidirectional fiber reinforced composites. Their liminates are often used to main parts of various structures. The mechanical behaviors of laminates are affected by microscopic stacking configuration such as stacking phase. However, their mechanism has not been completely revealed due to the geometric complexity of fabric architecture. In this paper, the effect of mismatch of stacking phase has been investigated numerically by a three-dimensional finite element analytical code based on damage mechanics. As a result, it has been recognized that stacking phase dominates the occurrence of transverse cracks in weft yarns and the damage mode in warp yarns.

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We study the behavior of the crack caused by indentation in the single crystalline silicon deposited by diamond like carbon film. The primary potential locations for the initiation of crack are the substrate close to the contact edge, where high values of shear stress are found. Cone crack are found to initiate from the substrate and to propagate towards the film surface. The initiation and advance of a crack is imprinted on the load-displacement curve as a kink. The cross section of the crack is observed by using focused ion beam (FIB) milling techniques. Bare single crystalline silicon substrate is also investigated to compare the influence of film. Numerical simulations in the elastic analysis are considered to compare with the experiment results.

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Due to discontinuity of atomic structure, surface and interface have highly localiged surface/interface energy. These inherent high energy states effect the strength properties of material with small size. Precise dynamical equilibrium equations on surface and interface are derived from discontinuity condition, and a expression of the principle of the principle of virtual work is formulated by FEM to estimate the mechnical behaviors of the materials with surface and interface.

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Nano-indentation test on polycrystalline silicon nitride and single crystals of silicon carbide is done to examine the indentation size effect (ISE). The hardness is evaluated by using the Oliver-Pharr scheme. The experimental results are analyzed on a dislocation mechanism model based on the punching of prismatic dislocation loops to accommodate the volume of plastic penetration at the indentation. The parameters of the model are determined numerically by solving the inverse problem, using the parameters obtained from loading-unloading curve. The theoretical results show that the profile of plastic core zone do not evolve in a self-similar manner with decreasing load. The ratio of plastic work for punching dislocation with respect to total work decrease with decreasing load.

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The numerical analysis which takes microscopic deformation properties into account, is important to estimate the mechanical properties of composite materials. In this study, a problem of 1-D elastic wave propagation in a heterogeneous media that consists of two different kinds of elastic materials is investigated. Numerical investigation with finite element code LS-DYNA3D is carried out and the validity of several proposed theories is examined.

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This paper presents a coupled model of state space representation using the absolute coordinate and a second order transfer function of base-isolated structure including the ground. Using this model, we obtained the estimate of the damping performance for the model optimization by examining the parameter sensitivity of the ground. In addition, we proposed the management of the semi-relative mode variables using an absolute acceleration, a relative velocity and a relative position.

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A method for improving local optimal solutions of nonlinear programming problems by treating constraints directly, named "Modal Trimming Method, " has been proposed. In addition, it has been applied to several types of test problems, and its performance has been evaluated in terms of the global optimality of the suboptimal solutions obtained by the method. It has turned out that the method has a high possibility of deriving the global optimal solutions by the suboptimal ones for a wide range of problems. In this paper, it is shown that the aforementioned feature, i. e., the capability of the global search for deriving the global optimal solutions, is because the renewal of solutions based on the extended Newton-Raphson method creates a chaos behavior of the solutions.

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Motion of a robot arm generally causes vibration due to its link elasticity. A motion planning approach paying attention to strain energy is expected to be one of the promisingmethod in order to ruduce the elastic vibration. In this study, we adopt a two dimentional redundant robot arm system. Vibration reduction effect of the motion planning approach system. In our experimental system, jointsof the robot arm are suspended with wire from the ceiling in order to make pseudo-2D motion under gravitational field. Influence of the suspending circumstances is also taken into consideration.

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This paper proposes an optimum design problem of structural and control systems, taking a 2-link flexible arm as an example. This object is modeled by finite element method, and an output feedback H_∞ controller is designed using H_∞ control theory. The objective functions of structual system and control one are structual weight and H_∞ norm of transfer function from disturbance input to controlled output, respectively. Design variables are cross sectional heights of flexible arm. This design problem is a multi-purpose objective one. By transforming it into a single-purpose problem. Parato optimum solutions are obtained. In this approach. we adopt the simplex method for solving this nonlinear problem. As the result, the optimum form of flexible arm is such that tapers off. Through the numerical examination we show the validity of the optimum design.

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In this paper we apply a neural network to evaluation problem of interatomic potential that is determined by the arrangement of surrounding atoms. We examine the character of several proposed neural network structures, using simple atomic models. We focus mainly on the quasi-newton method and the backpropagation algorithm. Simulation results show that the quasi-newton method represents a gain concerning number of iteration of weights.

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In this study, we treat multi-objective optimization problem of material composition in a functionally graded hollow cylinder to improve strength against thermal stress and heat resistance against thermal load, simultaneously. Firstly, assuming that the hollow cylinder is subjected to heat supply by surrounding media uniformly, theoretical analyses of one-dimensional heat conduction and thermo elastic problems have been developed. Taking into consideration distribution of porosity in the hollow cylinder, material properties of titanium alloy/zirconium oxide type of FGM are estimated by rule of mixture. Next, Pareto optimal solutions of material composition are found by making use of genetic algorithm. Finally, we discuss the effect of pore in Pareto optimal solutions of material composition on improvement of strength and heat resistance in a functionally graded hollow cylinder.

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This paper describes the design of structure using cellular automata. We use a finite element method, in order to solve a 2-dimensional elastic ploblem. Considering the element of a finite element method as the cells, a local rule with the state of a cell and the surrounding cells, is used for each cells, and it changes the thickness of the cell. The rule that adds restriction to the thickness of a cell, and including a treatment when the thickness of a cell becomes very thin is prepared. In this paper, we make a study of the effect of the neighbourhood rule. Furthermore, the case that a thickness parameter is a continuation value or a discrete value is examined.

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In order to develop flexible composite materials with high-mechanical properties and high-damping properties, new damping materials consisting of glass fabric and two SDR (Super Damping Rubber) sheets were developed. Then the tensile test and peel test were conducted for these materials. Macroscopic and microscopic behavior and damping properties of GFRR (Glass fabric reinforced Rubber) were investigated. Using the composite loss factor, it was found that GFRR has excellent properties compared with SDR.

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Hydraulic system is being used widely in the industry field including the industrial machinery. An electrohydraulic servovalve is used extensively. A theoretical analysis and a experiments were done to the new spool valve. The dynamic characteristics of the new valve were compared to conventional one.

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A structural optimization method is proposed for designing energy supply systems in consideration of the discreteness of equipment capacities. The structural optimization problem is formulated as a large-scale mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem with binary variables for selection and on/off status of equipment, and continuous variables for energy flow rates of equipment. This problem is solved by extending a decomposition method for the MILP problem with continuous equipment capacities. Through a numerical case study, it turns out that the proposed method derives a suboptimal solution for a suitable structural design, and that installing multiple units for cogeneration is economical.

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This paper presents a method of estimating detailed characteristics of solar radiation which varies with seasons, time, and weather conditions to evaluate the performance of photovoltaic systems. Probabilistic characteristics of solar radiation at an arbitrary location is estimated, by combining rough data observed meteorologically at the location with detailed data measured at another location. This method is rivised by estimating atmosphere transmissivity at an arbitrary location. The validity of the method is clarified by comparing the global solar radiation on the horizontal surface estimated and measured or observed meteorologically as well as the global solar radiation on the inclined surface estimated and measured for some tilt angles.

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This paper deals with stochastic analysis of geometric features within tolerance zone.The geometric features and their tolerance zone are firstly analyzed based on the JIS standards, and the parameters are established to represent the deviations of the geometric features from the nominal shapes. A systematic method is then proposed to analyze the existing probability of the geometric features within the tolerance zone.

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New architectures of manufacturing systems have been proposed aiming at realizing more flexible control structures of manufacturing systems which can cope with dynamic changes in volume and variety of products. They are so called as holonic manufacturing systems, autonomous distributed manufacturing systems, random manufacturing systems and bionic manufacturing systems. The objective of the present research is to develop an integrated process planning and scheduling system which is applicable to the holonic manufacturing systems. In the research, to select suitable machining sequences and sequences of machining equipment, by applying the genetic algorithm (GA) and the dynamic programming (DP) methods

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The micromechanical tensile testing system for a microelement has been developed. The system consists of a micromechanical tensile testing machine actuated by a PZT driven positioning stage, a micro manipulation system, a non-contact strain measurement system with a help of a double view microscope. Using the system, tensile tests of poly-Si microelement were successfully conducted, and the mechanical properties, including tensile strength and Young's modulus were measured.

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The pylon load cell are used in measuring the loads applied on the artificial leg. The compact and light-weighted PLC is desired with small interference between six components of the PLCA new PLC with I-shaped cross-section was developed where the interference was reduced by putting strain gages on the center of the web and the flange of I-shaped PLC. The static calibration test was perfomed about the PLC and the preferable result was obtained.

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The purpose of this study is to establishe the measuring method of elastic wave velocity of a thin film coated on substrate with an acoustic microscope. When the thickness of film is less than about 10μm, the measured elastic wave velocity is influenced by the properties of substrates. In this study, a new method that can measure the elastic wave velocity of TiN thin film with a thickness of 1μm or less, has been developed.

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