Near-field radiation that has a high intensity of electric field might be applied to enhancement of energy transfer. Furthermore, an increase in output power of electricity was also detected slightly through a thermophotovoltaic cell. In a vacuum chamber, the cell and the tungsten emitter were put together in face to face and in parallel with a small gap. As the gap becomes narrower than a few microns, the emitter temperature is decreased drastically, which means that heat transfer is enhanced since the input energy into the emitter is kept at constant. On further decrease in gap, the electric power increases just before contact though the emitter temperature decreases continuously.

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Experimental study on self-oscillation two-phase flow in microchannel has been performed. A single winding flow path consists of 20 turns microchannels fabricated on a silicon wafer the size of which was 30mm×33mm. Test fluid was R141b and the liquid fractions were 0, 61.9, 72.4 and 81.2%. Flow oscillation was observed when the bottom of channels was heated and the top cooled. The effective thermal conductivity during the flow oscillation was by 3.3 times as large as that without oscillation at the maximum case.

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