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Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
- Vol.79(2017)
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- Vol.76(2014)
- Vol.75(2013)
- Vol.74(2012)
- Vol.73(2011)
- Vol.72(2010)
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- Vol.67(2005)
- Vol.66(2004)
- Vol.65(2003)
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- Vol.63(2001)
- Vol.62(2000)
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- Vol.58(1996)
- Vol.57(1995)
- Vol.56(1994)
- Vol.55(1993)
- Vol.54(1992)
- Vol.53(1991)

Predecessor

Dainipponjuikaishi

Chuoujuikaizasshi

Journal of The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science

Ouyoujuigakuzasshi

Journal of the Central Society for Veterinary Medicine

The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 79(2017) No. 7
July

Avian Pathology

Sequence analysis of the hypervariable region in hmtp210 of Avibacterium paragallinarum

Edward ARAYA-HIDALGO, Cristina GUTIÉRREZ-JIMÉNEZ, Mónica CHAVES-RAMÍREZ, Marcela SUÁREZ-ESQUIVEL, Caterina GUZMÁN-VERRI, Elías BARQUERO-CALVO

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 27, 2017

p.1210-1214

The hmtp210 gene of Avibacterium paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza, encodes an outer-membrane hemagglutinin (HA) that plays an essential role in pathogenicity. A hypervariable region within this HA, which is highly antigenic, is proposed as a candidate for recombinant vaccine production. Nonetheless, little is known about its genetic variability. We performed sequencing analysis of the hmtp210 hypervariable region in 16 clinical isolates from Costa Rica and compared them with 4 vaccine strains and the hmtp210 sequences available in public databases. Except for isolate ApCR12, all isolates showed high identity with reference vaccine strains 0083 and H18. Better genetic characterization of the hypervariable region of hmtp210 is necessary to develop better immunogenic strategies and improved molecular typing methods.

Efficacy of an avian colibacillosis live vaccine for layer breeder in Japan

Yusuke UOTANI, Rie KITAHARA, Takahiko IMAI, Nobuyuki TSUTSUMI, Chihiro SASAKAWA, Shinya NAGAI, Tetsuji NAGANO

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 11, 2017

p.1215-1219

Colibacillosis is one of an economically significant disease in the poultry industry, especially for meat breed chickens. Recently it has become a serious problem for layer especially when the birds start laying and also at the later stage of laying. In Japan, the productivity of field laying hens improved when the Δcrp avian colibacillosis live vaccine (“Gall N tect CBL”) was used. The survival rate and egg laying rate increased during almost all of the laying period when compared with the control group. The improvement in productivity was clearly demonstrated by comparing the number of eggs laid per day. The use of an avian colibacillosis live vaccine proved to be cost-effective in laying hens.

Internal Medicine

Pancreatic Abscess in a cat due to Staphylococcus aureus infection

Yuki NEMOTO, Tomoya HARAGUCHI, Takako SHIMOKAWA MIYAMA, Kosuke KOBAYASHI, Kaori HAMA, Yosuke KUROGOUCHI, Noriyuki FUJIKI, Kenji BABA, Masaru OKUDA, Takuya MIZUNO

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 22, 2017

p.1146-1150

A 16-year-old spayed female American Shorthair cat was presented with lethargy, anorexia, and wamble. Physical and blood examination did not reveal any remarkable findings. Abdominal ultrasonography identified the presence of a localized anechoic structure with a thick wall in contact with the small intestine and adjacent to the liver. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the structure revealed fluid containing numerous cocci and neutrophils. Two days after antibiotic treatment, exploratory laparotomy was performed and the content of the structure was removed before multiple lavages. The pathological and bacteriological examination results supported a confirmatory diagnosis of pancreatic abscess due to Staphylococcus aureus infection, making this the first such report in a cat. The cat remained healthy thereafter with no disease recurrence.

Congenital anterior staphyloma associated with Peters’ anomaly and aphakia in a Holstein calf

Reiichiro SATO, Ken ONDA, Masaru MURAKAMI, Daiya ITO, Hiroo MADARAME

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 22, 2017

p.1151-1154

A Holstein calf was born with a large protruding right eye and a central corneal opacity. Enucleation was the first choice of treatment. The calf had a good prognosis and was raised for milking purposes. Macroscopically, the enucleated eye was characterized by the protruded cornea, adherence of the iris to the central posterior cornea and aphakia. Microscopically, central corneal thickening and a defect in the endothelium and Descemet’s membrane were observed. These data suggest that this represents a case of unilateral anterior segment dysgenesis consistent with congenital corneal staphyloma with Peters’ anomaly and aphakia. Neither a mutation of the WFDC1 gene in multiple ocular defects nor any other identifiable cause for ocular anomalies was detected.

A nasal osteoma with an acute course in a Japanese Black heifer

Reiichiro SATO, Yumi UNE, Hiroo MADARAME, Hyougo HANAMI, Eiichi KANAI, Hironobu MURAKAMI, Atsushi TSUKAMOTO, Takehito SUZUKI, Hideharu OCHIAI, Masato KIKUCHI, Hidekazu TANAKA, Ken ONDA

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 02, 2017

p.1220-1224

A 14-month-old Japanese Black heifer presented with unilateral epistaxis and mild swelling of the right face. Radiography revealed a mass with increased radiopacity on the right side of the nasal bridge, extending to the left side. Intranasal endoscopy confirmed a large tumor-like structure protruding into the nasal cavity. Following euthanasia, cranial computed tomography (CT) was performed, revealing a tumor 24.3 × 17.5 × 14.8 cm in size. The tumor occupied the entire right nasal cavity and the frontal and sphenoid sinuses. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor consisted of well-differentiated trabecular bones and loose connective tissue. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of osteoma was established. This report describes a case of osteoma with an acute course in a Japanese Black heifer.

Effects of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) monotherapy on multidrug resistant lymphoma in dogs

Hiroki YAMAZAKI, Naoki MIURA, Yu-Chang LAI, Masashi TAKAHASHI, Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO, Momoi YASUYUKI, Munekazu NAKAICHI, Hajime TSUJIMOTO, Asuka SETOGUCHI, Yasuyuki ENDO

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 06, 2017

p.1225-1229

We examined whether multidrug resistant (MDR) canine lymphoma increases gene expression for platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and c-KIT, and whether toceranib phosphate (TOC) has potential as a treatment for MDR canine lymphoma. The clinical data showed that PDGFRα expression was higher in canine subjects with MDR T-cell lymphoma than in those with untreated T-cell lymphoma, and that c-KIT expression was greater in subjects with T-cell lymphoma than in those with B-cell lymphoma. TOC monotherapy was well tolerated without serious adverse effects, and two of the five subjects that received TOC exhibited partial responses. The data presented here could contribute to the assessment of TOC-based therapy for dogs with MDR or T-cell lymphoma.

Laboratory Animal Science

Effects of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol on anesthesia and blood biochemistry and the antagonizing action of atipamezole in hamsters

Teppei NAKAMURA, Naoya KARAKIDA, Ai DANTSUKA, Osamu ICHII, Yaser Hosny Ali ELEWA, Yasuhiro KON, Ken-ichi NAGASAKI, Hideki HATTORI, Tomoji YOSHIYASU

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 11, 2017

p.1230-1235

Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are useful laboratory rodents for studying human infectious diseases, metabolic diseases and cancer. In other rodents, such as mice and rats, a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol functions as a useful anesthetic, although it alters some blood biochemical parameters. In this study, we examined the effects of this mixture on anesthesia and blood biochemical parameters, and the action of atipamezole, a medetomidine antagonist, in hamsters. Intramuscular injection of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol at doses of 0.15, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively, had a short induction time (within 5 min) and produced an anesthetic duration of approximately 100 min in hamsters. We also demonstrated that 0.15 mg/kg of atipamezole, corresponding to the same dose as medetomidine, made hamsters recover quickly from anesthesia. The anesthetic agent markedly altered metabolic parameters, such as plasma glucose and insulin; however, 0.15 mg/kg of atipamezole returned these levels to normal range within approximately 10 min after the injection. The anesthetic also slightly altered mineral levels, such as plasma inorganic phosphorus, calcium and sodium; the latter two were also improved by atipamezole. Our results indicated that the mixture of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol at doses of 0.15, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively, functioned as an effective anesthetic, and atipamezole was useful for antagonizing both anesthesia and biochemical alteration in hamsters.

Pathology

Identification of tumor-initiating cells derived from two canine rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines

Takuya Evan KISHIMOTO, Shoko YASHIMA, Rei NAKAHIRA, Eri ONOZAWA, Daigo AZAKAMI, Makoto UJIKE, Kazuhiko OCHIAI, Toshiyuki ISHIWATA, Kimimasa TAKAHASHI, Masaki MICHISHITA

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 21, 2017

p.1155-1162

Cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are a small subpopulation of cells that have the capacity to self-renew, differentiate and initiate tumors. These cells may function in tumor initiation, aggression and recurrence. Whether spheres derived from canine rhabdomyosarcoma cells have stem cell-like properties is unclear. We induced sphere formation in the canine rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, CMS-C and CMS-J, and characterized the spheres in vitro and in vivo. Sphere-forming cells were more resistant to vincristine, mitoxantrone and doxorubicin than adherent cells. Xenograft transplantation demonstrated that 1 × 10³ sphere-forming cells derived from CMS-C were sufficient for tumor formation. The sphere assay showed that the sphere-forming cells were present in these tumors. These results suggest that the spheres derived from canine rhabdomyosarcoma cells may possess characteristics of TICs. This study provides the foundation for elucidating the contribution of TICs to rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the labial gland, characterized by reticular pattern of myoepithelial cells in a dog

Mizuki KURAMOCHI, Takeshi IZAWA, Shin NISHIMURA, Terumasa SHIMADA, Mitsuru KUWAMURA, Jyoji YAMATE

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 20, 2017

p.1163-1166

An 11-year-old female golden retriever dog had a mass at the right corner of the upper lip, which gradually increased in size and protruded into the oral cavity. The mass was removed surgically. The cut surface of the mass was smooth, whitish and solid, and covered by the oral mucosal membrane. Histopathologically, the mass consisted mainly of reticular pattern of short spindle cells that stained positively for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, α-smooth muscle actin and p63, suggestive of a myoepithelial cell phenotype. Between the neoplastic cords, there was myxoid or edematous connective tissue. Additionally, neoplastic cells with luminal epithelial and basal cell phenotypes were arranged in ducts and small islands, respectively. Based on the diverse histological and immunohistochemical features, the tumor was diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma of the labial gland. To our knowledge, the reticular proliferation pattern of myoepithelial cells has not been described in salivary gland tumors of domestic animals.

Septicemic invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) with severe diffused suppurative meningoencephalitis

Kazufumi KASUYA, Kou TAKAYAMA, Makiko BITO, Natsumi SHIMOKUBO, Ryosuke KAWASHIMA, Tomoyuki SHIBAHARA

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 22, 2017

p.1167-1171

A 2-year-old male cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) showed neurological symptoms during quarantine for importation into Japan, and was euthanized due to poor prognosis. Gross anatomical examination revealed a hemorrhagic lesion around the lateral ventricle in the cerebrum. Histologically, severe diffused suppurative meningitis and ventriculitis were detected with numerous Gram-negative bacilli in the cerebrum. Immunohistochemically, the bacilli were positively stained with an antibody against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacterium was isolated from the liver, and it was confirmed to be K. pneumoniae by 16S rDNA sequencing. The isolate displayed a hypermucoviscosity phenotype, was positive for the rmpA and k₂A genes, and demonstrated multidrug resistance. These results suggest that invasive K. pneumoniae can cause septicemic infection, characterized by severe diffused suppurative meningoencephalitis in monkeys.

Well-differentiated liposarcoma with chondroid metaplasia in the auricle of a dog

Nagi TOMITA, Yuji SUNDEN, Yoshiharu OKAMOTO, Takehito MORITA

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 11, 2017

p.1236-1239

A 13-year-old spayed female dog had a mass in the left auricle. Grossly, connection between the mass and original auricular cartilage was not recognized. The mass was unencapsulated and contained multiple islands of mature hyaline cartilage and neoplastic adipocytes. The neoplastic cells comprised predominant mature adipocytes, scattered lipoblasts and irregular round to spindle cells with moderate atypia. The atypical cells occasionally had lipid droplets. A diagnosis of well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDL) with chondroid metaplasia was made. This is the first report for liposarcoma with chondroid metaplasia in the auricle of domestic animals.

Limbal xanthogranuloma in a dog

Juri OTA-KUROKI, Keiichi KUROKI

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 15, 2017

p.1240-1244

A 10-year-old female spayed American Pitt Bull Terrier was presented with a slow growing mass on the temporal limbus area of the right eye. Canine nodular granulomatous episclerokeratitis was suspected, and the affected eye was treated with 1% prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension and 0.03% Tacrolimus ophthalmic solution. As the lesion did not respond to the medical treatments and continued to grow, the mass was excised by lamellar sclerokeratectomy. Microscopically, the mass was composed of granulomatous inflammation with intrahistiocytic lipids and lakes of acicular cholesterol clefts, histopathology findings consistent with xanthogranuloma. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first canine report of limbal xanthogranuloma.

Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur in healthy and lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemic newborn calves treated with single and combined therapy

Feray ALTAN, Kamil UNEY, Ayse ER, Gul CETIN, Burak DIK, Enver YAZAR, Muammer ELMAS

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 05, 2017

p.1245-1252

The aim of this research was to compare plasma pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur sodium (CS) in healthy calves, and in calves with experimentally induced endotoxemia. Six calves received CS (2.2 mg/kg, IM) 2 hr after intravenous administration of 0.9% NaCl (Ceft group). After a washout period, the same 6 calves received CS 2 hr after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS+Ceft group). Another group of 6 calves received a combination of drug therapies that included CS 2 hr after administration of 0.9% NaCl (Comb group). A third group of 6 calves received the same combination therapy regimen 2 hr after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS+Comb group). Plasma concentrations of CS and all desfuroylceftiofur-related metabolites were determined using HPLC, and its pharmacokinetic properties were determined based on a two-compartment model. The peak concentration of CS in the LPS+Comb group occurred the earliest, and the clearance rate of CS was the highest in the Comb and LPS+Comb groups (P<0.05). The elimination half-life of CS in the LPS+Ceft group was longer than that in the Ceft and Comb groups (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that combined therapies and endotoxemic status may alter the plasma pharmacokinetics of CS in calves.

Physiology

Steroidogenic enzyme expression in estrogen production in the goat gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the effect of castration

Hadi MOHIBBI, Mohammad Ibrahim QASIMI, Kentaro NAGAOKA, Gen WATANABE

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 02, 2017

p.1253-1260

Extragonadal tissues are known to produce estrogens. At these sites, the C19 precursor is important for aromatase expression for the production of estrogen. Aromatase expression is tissue-specific and is controlled by hormones. Recent studies have shown that rat gastric parietal cells expressed aromatase. Our first objective was to investigate steroidogenic enzyme expression in estrogen biosynthesis; the second objective was to investigate which site(s) of the GI tract expressed steroidogenic enzymes; and the third objective was to assess the effects of castration on steroidogenic enzyme expression. CYP19A1, 17β-HSD3, CYP17A1, 3β-HSD and P450scc were quantified in the GI tract by real-time PCR. CYP19A1 was detected mainly in the body and pyloric regions of the abomasum, while we detected weak expression of CYP19A1 in other parts of GI tract. In addition, the expression of 17β-HSD3 and CYP17A1 was detected in abomasum. 3β-HSD expression was observed in duodenum and jejunum, while P450scc was not detectable in any part of GI tract. Immunohistochemical results showed immunolocalization of aromatase in parietal cells. Aromatase expression was observed to increase after castration. Furthermore, immunohistochemical results demonstrated that parietal cells also produced luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR). These results indicate steroidogenic enzymes required for the biosynthesis of estrogen were expressed, and the abomasum appeared to be the responsible organ for estrogen biosynthesis in the goat GI tract. In addition, parietal cells were responsible for estrogen production and the expression of LHR. Castration increased aromatase expression in abomasum through LH mediation.

Public Health

Evaluation of control measures for bovine viral diarrhea implemented in Nemuro District, Hokkaido, Japan, using a scenario tree model

Norikazu ISODA, Akihiro ASANO, Michiru ICHIJO, Shiho WAKAMORI, Hiroshi OHNO, Kazuhiko SATO, Hirokazu OKAMOTO, Shigeru NAKAO, Hajime KATO, Kazuma SAITO, Naoki ITO, Akira USUI, Hiroaki TAKAYAMA, Yoshihiro SAKODA

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 25, 2017

p.1172-1181

A scenario tree model was developed to propose efficient bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) control measures. The model used field data in eastern Hokkaido where the risk of BVDV infection in cattle has been reduced by an eradication program including mass vaccination, individual tests prior to communal pasture grazing, herd screening tests using bulk milk, and outbreak investigations of newly infected herds. These four activities were then used as hypothesized control measures in the simulation. In each simulation, the numbers of cattle infected persistently and transiently with BVDV detected by clinical manifestations and diagnosis tests and of missed by all of the diagnosis tests were calculated, and the numbers were used as indicators to be compared for the efficacy of the control measures. The model outputs indicated that the adoption of mass vaccination decreased the number of missed BVD cattle, although it did not increase the number of detected BVD cattle. Under implementation of mass vaccination, the efficacy of individual tests on selected 20% of the young and adult cattle was equal to that of the herd screening test performed in all the herds. When the virus prevalence or the number of sensitive animals becomes low, the efficacy of herd screening test was superior to one of individual tests. Considering the model outputs together, the scenario tree model developed in the present study was useful to compare the efficacy of the control measures for BVD.

Evidence of infection with Leptospira interrogans and spotted fever group rickettsiae among rodents in an urban area of Osaka City, Japan

Kenta SHIMIZU, Rie ISOZUMI, Kazutoshi TAKAMI, Isao KIMATA, Kanae SHIOKAWA, Kumiko YOSHIMATSU, Yoshimi TSUDA, Sanae NISHIO, Jiro ARIKAWA

Released: July 19, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 22, 2017

p.1261-1263

We examined 33 rodents captured in an urban area of Osaka City, Japan for IgG antibodies against Seoul virus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, hepatitis E virus, Leptospira interrogans, Yersinia pestis, spotted fever, typhus and scrub typhus group rickettsiae. We found that 3 (9.1%) and 1 (3.0%) of the 33 rodents had antibodies against L. interrogans and spotted fever group rickettsiae, respectively. DNAs of leptospires were detected from 2 of the 3 seropositive rodents, but DNA of rickettsia was not detected. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple locus sequence typing revealed that the 2 leptospires were L. interrogans belonging to a novel sequence type. There is a potential risk for acquiring rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens even in cities in developed countries.

Surgery

Effects of pentosan polysulfate and polysulfated glycosaminoglycan on chondrogenesis of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in alginate and micromass culture

Eugene C. BWALYA, Sangho KIM, Jing FANG, H. M. Suranji WIJEKOON, Kenji HOSOYA, Masahiro OKUMURA

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 27, 2017

p.1182-1190

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a potential alternative source of differentiated chondrocytes for cartilage tissue regeneration and repair of osteoarthritic (OA) joints. We investigated the effects of pentosan polysulfate (PPS) and polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) on chondrogenesis of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSC) in alginate and micromass cultures (MMC). Chondrogenic differentiation medium (CDM) was supplemented with PPS or PSGAG at concentrations of 0 (positive control; PC), 1, 3 and 5 µg/ml. 10% DMEM was used as negative control. Chondrocyte phenotype was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for alginate cultures and Alcian blue staining for proteoglycan (PG) synthesis for MMC. In alginate culture, PPS and PSGAG showed no significant effect on type II collagen, aggrecan and HIF-2α mRNA expression. PPS had no significant effect on type I collagen whereas PSGAG significantly upregulated (P<0.05) it at all concentrations relative to other treatments. PPS demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on type X collagen mRNA with significant inhibition observed at 5 µg/ml compared to the NC. PSGAG showed an inverse effect on type X collagen with 1 µg/ml significantly inhibiting its expression while increase in the concentration correspondingly increased type X collagen expression. In MMC, PPS significantly enhanced chondrogenesis and PG deposition whereas PSGAG inhibited chondrogenesis and promoted a fibrocartilage-like phenotype with reduced PG deposition. While PPS enhances chondrogenesis of cBMSC in MMC, the response of MSC to chondroinductive factors is culture system-dependent and varies significantly between alginate and MMC.

The therapeutic efficacy of allyl isothiocyanate in cows with bovine digital dermatitis

Kanako CHIBA, Tamako MIYAZAKI, Yasushi SEKIYAMA, Masao MIYAZAKI, Keiji OKADA

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: May 26, 2017

p.1191-1195

Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is the most prevalent infectious cause of lameness in cattle. Because Treponema infection is a major etiology of BDD, the most common treatment of BDD is an antibiotic. Nonetheless, dairy cows require a withdrawal period after antibiotic treatment before their milk can be marketed. To address the problem, in this study, we tested whether 3 nonantibiotic agents (used separately)—allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), sodium alginate, and calcium hydroxide—alleviate BDD lesions in dairy cows. The AITC treatment improved the BDD lesions, whereas the sodium alginate and calcium hydroxide treatments did not. Therapeutic efficacy of AITC was similar to that of lincomycin, a topical antibiotic prescribed for BDD. These results suggest that AITC is a promising nonantibiotic agent for BDD treatment in dairy cows.

Toxicology

Prenatal and early postnatal NOAEL-dose clothianidin exposure leads to a reduction of germ cells in juvenile male mice

Shogo YANAI, Tetsushi HIRANO, Takuya OMOTEHARA, Tadashi TAKADA, Naoki YONEDA, Naoto KUBOTA, Anzu YAMAMOTO, Youhei MANTANI, Toshifumi YOKOYAMA, Hiroshi KITAGAWA, Nobuhiko HOSHI

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 03, 2017

p.1196-1203

Neonicotinoids are pesticides used worldwide. They bind to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) with high affinity. We previously reported that clothianidin (CTD), one of the latest neonicotinoids, reduced antioxidant expression and induced germ cell death in the adult testis of vertebrates. Here, we investigated the male reproductive toxicity of prenatal and early postnatal exposure to CTD, because it is likely that developmental exposure more severely affects the testis compared to adults due to the absence of the blood-testis barrier. Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were given water gel blended with CTD (0, 10 or 50 mg/kg/day; no-observed-adverse-effect-level [NOAEL for mice]: 47.2 mg/kg/day) between gestational day 1 and 14 days post-partum. We then examined the testes of male offspring at postnatal day 14. The testis weights and the numbers of germ cells per seminiferous tubule were decreased in the CTD-50 group, and abnormal tubules containing no germ cells appeared. Nevertheless, the apoptotic cell number and proliferative activity were not significantly different between the control and CTD-exposed groups. There were no significant differences in the androgen-related parameters, such as the Leydig cell volume per testis, the Sertoli cell number and the tubule diameter. The present study is the first demonstration that in utero and lactational exposures to CTD at around the NOAEL for mice reduce the germ cell number, but our findings suggest that these exposures do not affect steroidogenesis in Leydig cells during prenatal or early postnatal life.

Wildlife Science

Molecular prevalence and genotyping of Chlamydia spp. in wild birds from South Korea

Jipseol JEONG, Injung AN, Jae-Ku OEM, Seung-Jun WANG, Yongkwan KIM, Jeong-Hwa SHIN, Chanjin WOO, Youngsik KIM, Seong-Deok JO, Kidong SON, Saemi LEE, Weonhwa JHEONG

Released: July 07, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: June 02, 2017

p.1204-1209

Wild birds are reservoirs for Chlamydia spp. Of the total 225 samples from wild birds during January to September 2016 in Korea, 4 (1.8%) and 2 (0.9%) showed positive for Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia gallinacea, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses and comparisons of sequence identities for outer-membrane protein A (ompA) revealed that Korean C. psittaci fall into three previously known genotypes; genotype E, 1V and 6N, whereas the Korean C. gallinacea were classified as new variants of C. gallinacea. Our study demonstrates that wild birds in South Korea carry at least two Chlamydia species: C. psittaci and C. gallinacea, and provides new information on the epidemiology of avian chlamydiosis in wild birds.

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Back Issues

Volume And Issue List
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Predecessor

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 79(2017) No. 7
July

Avian Pathology

Sequence analysis of the hypervariable region in hmtp210 of Avibacterium paragallinarum

Efficacy of an avian colibacillosis live vaccine for layer breeder in Japan

Internal Medicine

Pancreatic Abscess in a cat due to Staphylococcus aureus infection

Congenital anterior staphyloma associated with Peters’ anomaly and aphakia in a Holstein calf

A nasal osteoma with an acute course in a Japanese Black heifer

Effects of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) monotherapy on multidrug resistant lymphoma in dogs

Laboratory Animal Science

Effects of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol on anesthesia and blood biochemistry and the antagonizing action of atipamezole in hamsters

Pathology

Identification of tumor-initiating cells derived from two canine rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines

Pleomorphic adenoma of the labial gland, characterized by reticular pattern of myoepithelial cells in a dog

Septicemic invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) with severe diffused suppurative meningoencephalitis

Well-differentiated liposarcoma with chondroid metaplasia in the auricle of a dog

Limbal xanthogranuloma in a dog

Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur in healthy and lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemic newborn calves treated with single and combined therapy

Physiology

Steroidogenic enzyme expression in estrogen production in the goat gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the effect of castration

Public Health

Evaluation of control measures for bovine viral diarrhea implemented in Nemuro District, Hokkaido, Japan, using a scenario tree model

Evidence of infection with Leptospira interrogans and spotted fever group rickettsiae among rodents in an urban area of Osaka City, Japan

Surgery

Effects of pentosan polysulfate and polysulfated glycosaminoglycan on chondrogenesis of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in alginate and micromass culture

The therapeutic efficacy of allyl isothiocyanate in cows with bovine digital dermatitis

Toxicology

Prenatal and early postnatal NOAEL-dose clothianidin exposure leads to a reduction of germ cells in juvenile male mice

Wildlife Science

Molecular prevalence and genotyping of Chlamydia spp. in wild birds from South Korea

System Maintenance

Announcement From J-STAGE

Journal Tools

Share this Title

Volume And Issue List Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Predecessor

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 79(2017) No. 7 July

Avian Pathology

Internal Medicine

Laboratory Animal Science

Pathology

Pharmacology

Physiology

Public Health

Surgery

Toxicology

Wildlife Science

System Maintenance

Announcement From J-STAGE

Journal Tools

Share this Title

Volume And Issue List
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 79(2017) No. 7
July