Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
Online ISSN : 2185-9485
Print ISSN : 0029-0270
ISSN-L : 0029-0270
Volume 21, Issue 112
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • Ichiro KONDO
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 893-894
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Katsuhisa MURAKAWA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 895-901
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Theroretical solutions, experiments and numerical calculations are performed to treat the general case of heat transfer of laminar flow with free convection and the surface-temperature-distribution of pipe-walls varying axially. For the simplicity of numerical calculations, the correcting coefficients are used, and formulas capable of calculation of the influence of free convection are induced, and it is shown that this theory is able to extend also to the case of free convection only.
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  • Katsuhisa MURAKAWA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 902-906
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
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    In the case of laminar flow with free convection through out the non-heating entry length, the velocity distribution of entry is a function of radial direction, and therefore, the solution is found specially taking this condition of entry into consideration and also using Laplace transform, Green's function and Fredholm's integral equation of the 2nd kind, and an example of numerical calculation is shown.
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  • Fujio NAGAO, Yoshiro OTSUKA, Sachio OKANO, Tatsuo SHIMIZU
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 907-914
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, the effective thermal efficiency and other thermodynamical properties of three cycles of the free piston gas turbine. i.e., constant pressure combustion cycle, compound regenerative cycle and regeneration cycle are calculated under the same conditions as Pescara cycle which was reported in Part 1. As a result of calculations, it has been found that the effective thermal efficiency is the highest in case of the Pescara cycle and lowers in the following order : regeneration cycle, compound regenerative cycle and constant pressure combustion cycle.
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  • Fujio NAGAO, Yoshiro OTSUKA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 914-920
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
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    The performance of the single stage free piston air compressor of the Junkers type has been investigated by analysing the indicator diagrams. From the results of experiments, the following factors were ascertained. i) In the power cylinder, combustion occurs at nearly constant volume and the indicated thermal efficiency of 52.5% is obtained in case the effective compression ratio is higher than 16 : 1. ii) The frictional mean effective pressure in power cylinder increases rapidly with the increase of fuel rate and compression ratio. iii) The compression efficiency in the compressor cylinder decreases rapidly with the increase of clearance volume, provided that pressure ratio is high.
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  • Syogo MATSUNAGA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 921-926
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Experiments were performed on steam injectors with different diffuser throat diameter with each other. 1) The larger the diffuser throat diameter of the injector of commercial use we make, the lower the maximum delivery pressure we obtain. 2) The larger the diffuser throat diameter of the injector, the more the suction water vacuum we can obtain. 3) To obtain a higher delivery pressure than the boiler pressure, we must adjust the steam quantities at the injector's diffuser throat precisely. For this purpose, the diffuser throat diameter does not increase by 1 mm over that of steam injector of commercial use.
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  • Naotsugu MASUGI, Hiroya TAMAKI, Masao SEO
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 927-932
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two coal-stokers and three oil-burners (simple pressure-atomization type) have been tested in the same No.1 test boiler of our laboratory, and the detailed performance curves of those stokers and burners were obtained, concluding with the following considerations : (1) at the point of the best efficiency, the oil-burners were better than coat-stokers. (2) The working ranges of oil-burner were narrower than those of coal-stoker. (3) The excess air ratio of oil-burner at the best efficiency was smaller that of coal-stoker. (4) In the case of oil burning there were certain best density of smoke that gives best efficiency. The facts thus found are those commonly known already, but these results of our laboratory test give the exact and detailed deta and consideration for the comparison of the performance of oil-burner and coal-stoker, since the test was conducted with the same boiler under the same conditions.
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  • Seiichi KITANO, Toshihiko MARUO
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 932-937
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
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    At the running of kerosene engine by gas oil, heating of mixture is very effective in light load, but in heavy load knocking combustion occurs and engine performance is lowered. we researched the effect of water injection on the knocking at such a state, changing the air-fuel ratio and water quantity injected. It was found that knocking was suppressed, power output or thermal efficiecy was increased respectively by about 10% as a result of injecting a proper amount of water in the suction pipe. Water injection was most effective for rich mixture. In case of non-heating of mixture, water injection was equally effective for knocking.
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  • Takashi IIJIMA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 937-942
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
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    The method described in this paper can be used to calculate the performance of the simple axial turbo-jet engine (one stage turbine, fixed area jet nozzle) within almost all practical revolution range including the maximum, and simpler in its procedure than any other methods already published. This can be applied, however, only for the engines in which (1) An axial compressor, of which characteristics can be represented by the two curves according to Howell's method, is used. (2) Expansion ratio of both turbine and jet nozzle are equal to or more than crytical. (3)Turbine adiabatic efficinency can be assumed constant within the range considered. These conditions simplify the power balance and mass flow balance equations, and operational matching point of every element is to be easily found by the help of graphical method. The comparisons between the published performance data of an actual engine and results of the calculation according to this paper are also presented here.
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  • Seikan ISHIGAI, Koji AKAGAWA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 942-948
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The pressure drop in the once-through boiler tube is usually so large as to prohibit neglecting self-veaporation due to the change in the enthalpy of water and steam. Also, since the water enters the generating section at a temperature lower than the saturation point and leave the generating section in a state or dry saturated or superheatead steam, the change in the dryness through the tube is so large as to prohibit assuming uniform friction coefficient. Fundamental equations under the above-mentioned conditions are derived and solved in this paper. Also approximate solutions for the pressure distribution are derived by neglecting the self-evaporation and the change in the friction coefficient of two phase flow along the tube.
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  • Seikan ISHIGAI, Koji AKAGAWA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 949-954
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The calculation method derived in Part I is applied to find the exact distribution of pressure and dryness along the uniformly heated boiling section of once-through boiler tubes working in the pressure range of 200∼150, 150∼100, 100∼60, 50∼30, 20∼10, and 5∼2 ata. Then the approximate method, which was described in part I, is applied to the same numerical examples as an exact method. By comparing the result with the exact answer, the effect of several factors are discussed. Finally, a very simple method of calculating the pressure drop is given by using average quantities defined in this paper.
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  • Syogo MATSUNAGA
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 954-958
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The hydraulic analogy method is useful for the study of compressible gas flow in the mixing chamber of steam ejector at the maximum suction vacuum state. The experimental example will be of great use in designing the steam ejector for maximum sution vacuum. The experimental example shows the effect of (1) the length of intercepting shock waves, (2) the divergent angle of mixing chamber, (3) the width of diffuser throat, (4) the length of parallel part of diffuser throat, (5) the length of mixing chamber, on the suction vacuum characteristics of the ejector.
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  • Toku TOKUE
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 958-963
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Some results previously reported by the auther, concerning the repeated shearing stresses cvalve springs in surge of internal combustion engine, are examined by the improved test method. It is ascertained that the ranges of the repeated shearing stresses attain maximum value at a point situated near the both ends of the effective coils, in surge. Also reported, insertion of a thin rubber plate between the upper end of the spring and the spring retaining plate reduces these shearing stresses to a remarkable degree.
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  • Sigeo ISIGAMI
    1955 Volume 21 Issue 112 Pages 964-967
    Published: December 25, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The author has studied on the combustion velocity, blow off and flash back limit on the burner flame, in which the scales of turbulence are varied by means of grids or perforated plates. The gas applied was acetylene-air mixture, and the Reynold's Nos. adopted were about 500-3000. He summarized his experimental results as follows : The combustion velocity is accelerated in proportion to the turbulent scale. The indications of the blow off and flash back limit shift toward the rich mixture provided the velocity is constsant, or toward the low flow velocity provided the mixture ratio constant. At the low Reynold's Nos. the flame stabilizing limit is influenced mainly by the diffusion of active materials or heat in the vicinity of the flame surface, and at the high Re. Nos. it is to be greatly influenced by steep increase of boundary velocity gradient caused by the turbulence.
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