Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_Cover2

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Knowing-that and Knowing-how

Takuma IKEYOSHI, Yasuo NAKAYAMA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_1

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An aim of this paper is to clarify what the knowing-that/knowing-how distinction means. First, we summarize characteristics of knowing-that and knowing-how in Ryle (1949). Next, we address the recent discussions on this distinction. Especially, we examine a bold claim made by Stanley and Williamson, namely the claim that knowing-how is a species of knowing-that. In the last part of this paper, we reorganize these discussions by introducing a distinction between internalism and externalism of knowing-that. We conclude that knowing-how cannot be reduced to knowing-that. But this does not mean that they are completely separated. Some knowing-that presuppose some knowing-how, and vice versa.

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The Plausibility of Ontic Structural Realism

Rei NOUCHI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 9-18
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_9

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Scientific realists are pressed to reply against the critical argument from the anti-realist, pessimistic induction. One of the promising positions for them is that of ontic structural realism. This position claims that scientific theories are true of world structure and we must ontologically commit ourselves not to theoretical entities but only to such structures, totally eliminating the former. This elimination of relata, with the admission of relations has subjected it to a barrage of criticism. In this paper, I survey the debates about ontic structural realism and examine where its defects, if any, lie.

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On Negative Entitlement

Kazuyoshi KAMIYAMA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 19-26
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_19

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Recently, Crispin Wright has proposed a unified strategy against skepticism (Wright, 2004). It is interesting as a defense to our attitude to "receive various things without doubt." But I have doubt in the effectiveness of the suggested program with Davies (Davies, 2004). However, I am not satisfied with the counterproposal of Davies either. In this paper I suggest an alternative anti-skeptical strategy after checking the proposals of Wright and Davies.

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Preface to the Symposium: Causation and the Metaphysics of Properties(<Symposium>Causation and the Metaphysics of Properties (1))

Tatsuya KASHIWABATA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 27-28
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_27

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Quidditistic Qualia(<Symposium>Causation and the Metaphysics of Properties (1))

Takahiro MAEDA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 29-38
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_29

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It is often thought a difficult task to find a place for qualia in the physical world. The reason for this may be that qualia seem to be essentially intrinsic qualities so they cannot be captured entirely in terms of their causal-functional roles. This is the typical way in which qualia are thought to be physicalistically problematic. In this paper I rethink that very problem of qualia by means of metaphysical considerations concerning properties in general. The relevant question in the metaphysics of properties is whether properties have essences which determine their identities independently of their dispositional aspects. (Such essences are called 'quiddities'.) Indeed, the problem of qualia would take a different shape depending on the answer to that metaphysical question. I show this with reference to three main views on that question, namely, quidditism, the causal theory, and the identity theory. In closing, I make a brief remark about what these considerations imply for the relationship between physicalism and qualia.

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The Problem of Mental Causation and Shoemaker's Metaphysics of Properties(<Symposium>Causation and the Metaphysics of Properties (1))

Takeshi KANASUGI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 39-48
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_39

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Mental causation is one of the major problems in the philosophy of mind. It is a big problem not only for dualism but also for physicalism because even physicalists, as long as they accept the multiple realizability of mental properties, cannot identify mental properties with physical properties, therefore, they seem to be forced to exclude mental properties from physical causal relations. Sydney Shoemaker recently proposed interesting metaphysics of properties as a physicalist solution to this problem. According to Shoemaker, causal powers are essential to properties, and a realized property is a part of its realizer. This paper aims to assess the possibility of a physicalist solution to this problem through a critical examination of the adequacy of his solution.

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Sixteen Years Since "the Symposium about the Environmental Problem (1992)" : Toward the Epistemology of Science for the Environmental Science

Tsuneo WATANABE

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 49-58
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_49

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Based on the considerations of two kinds of documents, those from the "Symposium about the environmental problem (1992)" and current several leading textbooks of environmental science, I picked up three kinds of antagonism in the epistemology of science: objectivity vs. subjectivity, analysis vs. synthesis, and value-neutral vs. value-oriented. "Modern science" has emphasized the left-side of these binary oppositions, rejecting the right-sides. However, our considerations suggested that the underlying epistemology of the environmental science stands on the right side: subjectivity, synthesis, and value-oriented. I ended this paper by emphasizing that more detailed considerations of the problem of subjectivity are necessary for the development of environmental science.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App1-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App2-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App3-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App4-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App4

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App5-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App5

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App6-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App6

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App7-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_App7

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_Cover3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
Published: November 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.37.1_Cover4

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