Tenshōdaijingohonji(天照大神御本地) is a story which narrates the legendary origin of Tenshōdaijin. There are four manuscripts of this story. They are as follows:
Manuscript 1 (M1) Untitled manuscript(well-known tentative title : Tenshōdaijinhonji (天照大神本地) ) Possessor : Keio University Library
A manuscript book copied by hand sometime during the first half of the Edo period
Manuscript 2 (M2) Title : Tenshōkōtaijingūgoengi (天照皇大神宮御縁起) Possessor : Mr. Tōru ISHIKAWA
A manuscript book copied by hand in 1734
Manuscript 3 (M3) Title : Isedaijingūgoengi (伊勢大神宮御縁起) Possessor : Mr. Tōru ISHIKAWA
A manuscript book copied by hand in 1710
Manuscript 4 (M4) Title : Tenshōdaijingohonji(天照大神御本地) Possessor : Yukio OSHIMA
A manuscript book copied by hand in 1750
M1 was introduced by Mr. Ryushin MATSUMOTO in 1974 and reprinted in Muromachijidai-Monogatari-Taisei(『室町時代物語大成』) vol.10 in 1982. Consequently the story came to scholars’ notice. After that, Mr. Tōru ISHIKAWA reported on M2 and M3 in his possession. Recently I obtained M4 at an antiquarian bookshop. So it has become possible to advance the study on the story by comparing these four manuscripts with each other. The fact that M2, M3 and M4 were originally handed down at Uonuma(魚沼) district in Niigata Prefecture(新潟県) gives us a clue to investigate the popularization of the story.
In this paper, I have reprinted the text of M4 and given a bibliographical introduction to it.

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The authors report an introductory course of computer programming for junior high students. The theme is game programming, which is familiar to them. Scratch is adopted as the programming environment because it is easily approachable. Enrolled students cooperated as mentors. The first half of the course is the lecture of introduction to programming and basics of Scratch programming. The latter half is practice of game programming under instruction of mentors. The courses have been carried out in 2013 and 2014. Most the students taking the course are satisfied with the course. Improvement of the contents of the course and efficiency of operation based on the feedback are current issues.

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This study was performed using the Johkasou system installed at the Gunma National College of Technology, which uses a contact aeration process to effect water treatment. This system does not have denitrification capabilities. Several intermittent aeration modes were surveyed to investigate their effects on the total nitrogen (T–N) removal performance and energy efficiency. The water temperature was significantly correlated with the decreased velocity of dissolved oxygen (DO); the decreases at 25 and 23°C were 1.4 and 1.2 mg・(L∙hr)⁻¹, respectively. The aeration time required to achieve DO 0 mg・L⁻¹ was more than 6 h. The time required upon restarting to reacquire the DO value observed during aeration was 30 min. It was thought that an aeration period exceeding 3 h was necessary for denitrification. Intermittent aeration times of 3 and 6 h exhibited good biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values at more than 25°C. However, at water temperatures lower than 20°C, the effluent BOD was approximately 3 times higher, denitrification did not proceed, and the NH4-N concentration became high. The denitrification effect was not able to expect the big effect in comparison with consecutive aeration mode. As a result of this study, we concluded that the most suitable operating conditions for intermittent aeration would employ a 3 h application from December to April, and a 6 h application from May to November. The energy costs were calculated to be 1,120,000 yen∙year−1 based on the most suitable operating conditions. In comparison to the consecutive aeration mode, the energy, environmental, and cost savings with intermittent aeration were calculated to be 38,500 kWh, 15.6t-CO2, and 730,000 yen per year.

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The present paper is the final sequel to ‘ "English Communication I": A Guide to New Textbooks Authorized by the Ministry of Education in Japan’ (March, 2013) and ‘ “English Communication II”: A Guide to New 2014-2017 English Textbooks Authorized by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan’ (March, 2014). The trilogy shows the new contents and tendencies of current English textbooks used at Japanese high schools. Although the name of the subject has been changed from English Reading to Communication English III, the newly published textbooks for the third-year students are just the same in that the highest aim is to acquire the basic reading skills so that they can pass entrance examinations to Japanese universities. Of course, a new kind of activities such as "Make a presentation about the innovator you respect or you are interested in in pairs or groups." and "Tell your classmates about a "lucky" experience you had." are added to the new textbooks, which, however, seems a sheer compromise between Japanese teachers of English and Japan’s Ministry of Education; the former generally believe it more appropriate and essential to teach how to read English, while the latter want to drastically change the traditional, or in their words, "old-fashioned" classroom English and to produce as many fluent English speakers as possible, fearing that the nation will drop out of the severe, international economic competition due to the poor command of the international language, compared with the spiteful, neighboring rivals like South Korea and China, whose people, somehow, appear to have the ability to speak better English.

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This paper is a simple guide to Info Trail, the unique series of 78 English textbooks of geography, history and science. Info Trail is a sort of graded readers for elementary school children in Britain, consisting of four stages: beginner, emergent, competent, and fluent stages. The authors often introduce completely different ideas and tell stories in the form of debate, asking at the end "What do you think?" Various questions include whether you are for or against, say, the construction of a huge supermarket, the monarchy, and dangerous space exploration, all of which are generally considered in Japan as adult matters. It is likely that through these books children will be able to think by themselves and have their own opinions. In this sense, Info Trail helps young readers grow into responsible members of their democratic societies. Which seems to be the very ideal aim of this series that is worth imitating among Japanese educators of English.
The Info Trail books can be also enjoyed by foreign learners of English whether you are a student or an adult. Originally intended for school kids, the series is much easier for adult readers to understand and appreciate. In fact Info Trail is not boring at all even to adults. Though partly childish to be sure, the contents are wonderfully written in order to stimulate the readers’ interest and imagination. For example, "From an Acorn to an Oak Tree" is a little masterpiece, which may touch your heart. History is described clearly and sympathetically as if it had happened to your friends only yesterday. Science deals with the thrilling adventures of distinguished men like Edward Jenner and Charles Darwin, satisfying mature readers’ intellectual curiosity.

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This paper is a comparative study on four different graded readers of Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Secret Garden (1909) with the main purpose of clarifying how adaptations are made from the original. Closely compared with Burnett’s writing, the four versions (Compass Classic Readers, Penguin Active Reading, Oxford Bookworms, and Macmillan Readers) will show their own characteristics. As the easiest of all, Compass version is naturally the shortest digest, omitting even some of the most impressive scenes such as Colin defying Ben and standing up from his wheelchair, and Mr. Craven’s supernatural dream of his deceased wife calling him home as if to make possible his touching reconciliation with his son Colin, who, with the help of "Magic" as well as with his great efforts, has gained the ability to walk. Although Oxford’s stage 3 version is longer and truer to the original than Compass, it also has a few bad points. Because of the publisher’s strict rules of restricting vocabulary, the Oxford book includes absurd-looking changes like "plant," instead of ivy, covering the door to the secret garden, and Colin’s first words to Mary in their midnight encounter, "Are you a dream?" replacing the frightful expression "Are you a ghost?" On the whole, Macmillan’s pre-intermediate level of The Secret Garden appears to be the best adapted book just because it is truest to Burnett’s classic.
What is interesting is, this study has discovered an unexpected merit of graded readers: A retold version may have the possibility of moving the people who read it more than the very original. Penguin version is a good example. In this elementary level 2 book, Anne Colins has managed to modernize the 1909 novel, focusing on the wealthy mother’s total indifference to Mary. Such neglect happens to be one of today’s social problems quite common in developed countries, and undoubtedly tends to draw modern readers’ attention. Furthermore, Ms. Colins intentionally weakens the outdated class element like the 10- year-old aristocrat Colin ordering arrogantly the elderly servant Ben Weatherstaff, which is loyally retained in Macmillan’s counterpart. Penguin version avoids the name of "Master Colin," using untitled "Colin Craven." In conclusion, it can be said that the most preferred graded readers are not necessarily the ones which are always loyal to the masterpiece.

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3D models can be obtained by utilizing the structure-from-motion (SFM) technique with photographs taken from digital camera. This SFM would be exercise its power not only digital photogrammetry but also 3D model generation for 3D machining or printing, taking account of an ordinary PC is applicable. Osm-bundler and VisualSFM which have been developed as a free application software for 3D reconstruction are used in this report. Osm-bundler uses the focal length information from Exif of the images for doing point cloud generation. If the focal length information is missing, osm-bundler cannot compute. On the other hand, VisualSFM can be doing by default parameters in which the focal lengths are set to be 1.2 ×max(width, height) , although camera model is restricted than that used in osm-bundler. So, we have been photographed and reconstructed 3D models by using the digital camera, USB camera and digital micro scope. It is suggested that VisualSFM is useful to prepare 3D models for machining or printing, and also MeshLab that is a free software designed as a 3D mesh processing, is effective to edit and reconstruct the point cloud data obtained by VisualSFM. A tool-path generation of 3D face model reconstructed by MeshLab was carried out by applying PyCAM which was open source CAM software for 3D CNC milling.

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The relationship between learning and sports are reported by some researchers. They say that students marks go up by studying after doing some physical exercise. After I became the adviser of Baseball Club, I have watched the grade of all of member of Baseball Club. Then I have realized a similar situation. About 40% member’s grade go up, and about 40% members keep their grade. So I report them in this article.

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The author reports the activities and issues on the Smart Science School (SSS) for junior high students. The junior high school students have learned at Gunma National College of Technology and carried out several experiments. In this paper, study on growth of ruby crystals synthesized by familiar aluminium sources is reported. The participants learned the synthesis and characterization of the ruby crystals. Relatively large crystals were obtained with MoO₃ and Li₂CO₃ fluxes.

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This study shows that a linear river was changed meander by putting spur dykes that made by ishumaruzumi. In addition some shallow water zones and deep water zones were formed in this river. Those spur dykes passes for ten years, but it has controled flow. Infinitesimal grain sands collects behind a spur dykes and, many plant begin to bring it up after waeds in the place. And the luxuriant growth of this plant makes topography change stable. Those above-mentioned results local observation and photograph data. Meandering width became narrow and prevent the erosion of right bank slope by building a breakwater installed in the right bank, but erosion occurs newly in the front part of building a breakwater.

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The programming language used in information processing education from 2011 in mechanical engineering department was changed to C from Fortran. Not only the numerical computation but also the study of the control using the microcomputer was thereby enabled and a new subject has been initiated in 2013. The name of this 4th grader's subject is "microcomputer control" and is compulsory in half year. Each individual student is using Arduino purchased by oneself, is taking the lesson and doing a programming training. The aim of this subject is to have a student understand next.
(1) what is made with a microcomputer ?
(2) what kind of program is necessary for it ?
Inexpensive sensors and equipment were being used, were prepared subject to feel that there is interest to students. In this report, the contents of the lecture are reported including the later application around an item to treat by a lecture.

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This paper reports an attempt to introduce a computerized system which makes it possible to select important English words in an efficient way. Vocabulary building is indisputably important in developing English skills, so we have adopted a web-based English vocabulary learning system that we use in conjunction with regular classes. To maintain this system, it is necessary to select target vocabulary words from textbooks while also referring to several wordbooks. Although this process serves an important purpose, it takes a certain amount of time each time, which inevitably constitutes a problem. As a means of addressing this issue, we have developed a computerized system for selecting important English words based on the data of multiple wordbooks. This new system has made it possible to reduce the time it takes to choose target words.

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We studied laser-induced melting and decomposition of asbestos-containing slate and confirmed the effectiveness of CO₂ laser irradiation. A comparison between continuous-wave and pulse CO₂ laser irradiation revealed that pulse irradiation, which provides advantages in equipment cost and energy consumption, was as effective as continuous-wave irradiation. We conducted laser irradiation experiments on asbestos-containing slate at different pulse intervals and laser power levels, measured melting depths, and confirmed the absence of asbestos fiber by surface and cross-sectional observation of molten areas. We observed evaporation of molten material by laser irradiation, and elemental analysis showed that the overall material rather than specific elements evaporated. Although it was possible to detoxify asbestos, laser treatment has yet to be optimized for low-evaporation conditions.

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We attempted to melt and decompose asbestos in asbestos-containing slate panels solely by laser irradiation using compact laser irradiation equipment while varying the laser output (50 W), the number of pulses per inch (ppi) and the travel speed of the laser beam window. We found that slate panels could be decomposed and melted, even with the compact equipment, by irradiating both sides of the slates. No specific elements evaporated selectively during the melting. No asbestos-derived fiber was found in the molten material zone.

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Current state on reform process of higher education in Europe or so called Bologna process is reported with taking Slovenia as an example. The included contents are practical descriptions based on the author’s research experience in the time to visit Slovenia. Inspired from experiences on accreditation process in the author’s institution, the source of the philosophical aim for accreditation of education system is discussed. What needed for probing equivalency of education system is a main issue to consider. Reform process of higher education in Japan is compared with Europe’s one.

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We suggest that using the artificial wastewater for the experiments in sanitary engineering. The wastewater from the septic tank of our college is used on the experiments in sanitary engineering for 4th year students in department of civil engineering. The safety management was concerned for sanitary conditions. Therefore, the artificial wastewater with peptone, NaCl and kaolin was used for the experiments in sanitary engineering. The similar data were obtained at 15 kinds of water quality analysis, when we used the wastewater from the septic tank. However, the difference of NH₃-N and PO₄-P data were higher as compared with the wastewater from the septic tank data. The method of explanation for the artificial wastewater has to be improve. These results indicate that using the artificial wastewater on the experiments in sanitary engineering has a few improvement.

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Fluorescence spectra were measured of N-hexyl-naphthalimides absorbed on alumina particles, of which sizes were varied from 22 nm to 45 um, and the amount of the imides loading on the alumina particles were controlled so that logarithm of the coverage of the surface was the reach from -5 to +2. Naphtalimides which behaved as monomer or oligomer according to its amount were stabilized with alumina surface, and emission was red shifted than the fluorescence of the solution or neat crystals.

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In this paper we study the Zeta functions on the Gauss integer ring and super Gauss integer ring. We define the super Gauss integer ring Z[θ] = {a + bθ | θ² = 0, a, b ∈ Z}. There are three different types of norms according to a², |a| and |a| + |b|. Then we have the three types of Zeta functions with respect to three types of norms, respectivity. We see that the one of the three types coincides with absolute Igusa Zeta on the one dimensional affine space A¹(F₁) on F₁-algebra.

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