One of the large causes of the death by fire is the smoke generated during combustion. Therefore, the safety basis requires both flame-retarded property and property of emission of light smoke to the materials used in building, such as wall paper made of PVC. The article studied the effect of two kinds of additives to soft PVC on the flame-retarded property and the amount of emission of smoke. The one is inorganic that improves the required property with addition of both zinc-substance and Sb203. The effects depend on the kind of plasticizer added. The addition of bis (2-ethyl) phthalate (DOP) and Tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimelliate (TOTM) decreases remarkably in the amount of smoke, but on the other hand bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA) have no effect. The other is phosphate of which the length of alkyl chain effects the properties of PVC compound. The phosphate that has the length of twelve carbon chains is found to be materially balanced.

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Thirty diacylhydrazines with various pair of acyl groups were prepared. Their crystal nucleating activity was obtained by DSC as the crystallization temperature of polypropylene (PP) containing 0.5phr of the diacylhydrazine and 0.5phr of the antioxidant, and 3.0phr of metallic copper powder. Aging lives of films of the polypropylene compositions aged at 150°C were determined. Nucleating activities and aging lives were also measured for PP compositions containing commercial metal deactivators. The additives giving higher crystallizing temperature for polypropylene were found to show longer aging life for polypropylene. Multiple regression equations using physical properties of diacylhydrazines such as melting point, heat of fusion, N-H absorption band, as well as the crystallization temperature of polypropylene were derived.

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The light deterioration behavior was examined by using the monochromatic light irradiation of Okazaki National Research Institutes of National Institute for Basic Biology Large Spectrograph (OLS) and all wave length irradiation for the examination material that was used piling suiting thin film of polyphenylene-ether (PPE) and polycarbonate (PC). The light deterioration depth was examined by using the piling suiting film, as a result light deterioration limit was confirmed. In addition, the quinone-methide structure generated to PPE and it was confirmed that coloring PPE with the influence of light was related to the quinone-methide structure. Absorbance on the irradiation surface was more remarkable absorption than other thin films. In an internal thin film was confirmed that the light deterioration material did not generate. Moreover, making to insoluble generation material of light irradiation was in rising tendency on rate of making to the insoluble on the irradiation surface. It was thought the making to insoluble material and the Quinone-methide structure thought to be a coloring cause was irrelevant. Fault photochemical reaction stopped by a certain thickness, it was thought that this was a reaction own defended by being deteriorated the material.

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