This paper pays particular attention to a temporal reality that presented through the relationship between newspaper and broadcasting. It examines two cases of international broadcastings by The Japan Broadcasting Corporation in 1932: the 10th Olympic Game in Los Angeles and the League of Nation Council in Geneva. In doing so, it assesses the "social time" that should be distinguished from modern clock time. With drawing on Benedict Anderson's discussion of simultaneity, the author delivers a temporal reality of "social simultaneity" as a sort of social time, which emerges only through media communication and its materiality, in order to understand temporal features of the broadcasting in our modern society.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the public opinion for disarmament between World War I and World War II. This research analyzed editorials be connected with disarmament in the Jiji-Shinpo from 1920 to 1931 to observe how issues are emphasized in the mass media, adopted quantitative and qualitative content analysis. As a result of the analysis, it became apparent that theory of disarmament is difference in each time. To be concrete, disarmament of the army is related with political institution on the one hand, disarmament of the navy is related with international issues on the other.

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This study aims to examine the impact of distribution systems on publishing and reading in modern Japan. In analyzing the formation of bookstores from the Meiji through Showa periods, this essay considers the two major spaces within those stores - the bookshelf and the table - within their distinct historical contexts. While the use of bookshelves came from the West and formed an intellectual, and constructed space, traditional Japanese books for commoners were sold on tables placed outdoors to provide easy access to the masses. The modern "bookstore" integrated these two spaces, resulting in the formation of an intermediate class of readers.

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The purpose of this Article is to analyze the above subject by the KMT's archives and Propagandist's autobiography. After the "Anti-Japan Sensation by Shanghai Baby", the International Publicity Department used photographs as the propaganda media to the U.S. The International Publicity Department, at first, selected pictures among the ones gathered and, sent to the U.S. media through the foreign agents. Later, they made original photographs and distributed to the U.S media in the name of photo agency. These pictures were recognized as the witness of history.

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This article aims to reframe the relationship between nationalism and media. Previous research has approached this problem from within the regime of representation and lost the materiality of technology which allows nationalism to emerge. I reconsider the argument of Imagined Communities by Benedict Anderson from the viewpoint of technology and focus on the concept of "piracy" which describes the dissemination of nationalism, This theoretical study adds a critical new dimension to the theory of nationalism, contending that we should focus on the citation and iteration of nationalism rather than its representation.

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The images of foreign countries in Thai commercials appear more frequently than in Japanese commercials, according to the result of a comparative content analysis of approximately 1,700 sampling advertisements from 2003 to 2006. This finding reflects the domestic orientation in Japanese advertising and the regional interrelation orientation in Thai advertising. Moreover, this research result also reveals the decrease of foreign images in Japanese commercials and the increase of images of foreign countries in Thai commercials from the 1980's until the present. Additionally, these changes can be depicted by the approach of economical, social and political change in both countries.

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This paper proposes a new model for media credibility formation on the Internet through an analysis of quantitative research data. There are two main findings. First, there are various models depending on the patterns of Internet use. In the case of Internet users who only access websites operated by organizations, the longer they use the Internet per week, the higher their media credibility becomes. On the other hand, Internet users who access websites operated by individuals, there is no correlation between the length of media usage time and the media credibility. Second, "general media trust", a psychological aptitude that accounts for the level of credibility an individual has for any information source irrespective of media forms, has a great influence on credibility formation.

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