Pressure measurement technique for pulsed small pressure variation with duration range of several hundreds msec and the pressure range of several Pa on a flat wall induced by an approaching vortex ring was presented. The pressure variation causes deflection of a thin silicon nitride diaphragm with a thickness of 0.2μm and a size of 2 mm square. The deflection of the diaphragm was measured by optical interference method using a He/Ne laser. A sensitivity was optimized by selecting the internal stress of the diaphragm. This measurement technique was applied to a measurement of pressure variation on a flat wall induced by an approaching vortex ring.
In the previous paper, the multi-valued nature of steady state solutions of two-dimensional Bénard convection of a fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity was revealed by numerical computation. In this paper the cases with variable horizontal periodic length are treated numerically for Rayleigh number 3000 and Prandtl number 1000. The effect of temperature-dependence of viscosity to the multi-valued nature is shown to be understood in terms of an effective wave number and an effective Rayleigh number, which are estimated from obtained solutions.