Four freshwater Ostracod species of Ilyocypris BRADY and NORMAN viz. I. biplicata (KOCH), I. bradvi SARS, I. dentifera SARS and I. gibba (RAMDOHR) are recorded from Punjab, India. Short illustrated descriptions of these species and some comments on the biology of I. denttfera are presented in this paper.

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Larvae of the swimming crab, Thalamita prymna (HERBST), were successfully reared in the laboratory from hatching to the last zoeal stage. They were fed on Artemia salina (L.) nauplii. These zoeal stages are described and illustrated herein, and compared with those of the related two species, T, sima H. MILNE EDWARDS and T. danae STIMPSON. The zoeae of the three species are very similar in general appearance, but they are distinguishable in the following characters. In the complete larval development, T. prymna may have four zoeal stages before reaching the megalopa stage, while in T. danae there are three zoeal stages, and T. sima has five (KURATA, 1975) or six (TERADA, 1979) . The zoea of T. prymna has no chromatophore on the lateral surface of carapace which is present in that of T. sima. The first zoea of the Japanese T. prymna and T. sima is provided with ten setae on the basipod of maxilliped I, whereas that of the Australian T. danae has nine. The three closely reiated species are also distinguished from one another by bearing the different setations on the exopods of maxillipeds I and II.

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Upogebia narutensis sp. nov. is the fourth upogebid species found in the Inland-Sea, Japan. This species is closest to U. spinifrons from Australia.

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Sergestes gardineri KEMP in the collections of the Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory in Tokyo and of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden is studied. This species is recorded for the first time in the Japan Trench and the Central Pacific Ocean.

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Postlarvae of the genus Penaeus were collected with the aid of light attraction inside Ohara fishing port, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, from May to October, over a 3-year period, 1982-1984. A total of 1,130 individuals were collected consisting of three species. Among them, postlarvae of P. japonicus were by far the most dominant species representing 93.5% of the total catch, followed by P. semisulcatus (3.8%) and P. monodon (2.7%), and their modal carapace lengths were 1.7, 1.7 and 2.6 mm, respectively. A period of their major occurrence was from mid-July to mid-September.

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