The purpose of this paper is to show how phonetical knowledge is useful to speech therapists (ST) who are active in the diagnosis and treatment of dysarthria, in accordance with obvious cases.

As a method, I took up a boy who is going to enter elementary school after about two months, detailed examples of the observed articulatory disorder and the diagnosis and treatment method therefor, etc. using with IPA.

In conclusion, especially with functional articulation disorder, even if the same sound, different conditions are often seen such as inconsistency in onset occurrence when conditions are different, so observation with fine attention first and above all Until the phase claimed that an inductive method by bottom-up is indispensable.

Having recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while four native speakers of Hebrew silently read the eight stimuli in Table 2, the present writer proposed in his preceding paper (Ikeda et al. 2015) that the difference between N170 and P250 reflects a physical quantity (with or without vowel points) and a cognitive quantity (the number of units) of a given visual stimulus. The present paper aims to revisit this experiment, and to propose a different interpretation of the same results.

We noticed that the stimuli with vowel points produced significantly larger amplitude at N170 (see Bentin et al. 1999) than those without vowel points as already reported by Bar-Kochva (2011), while the influence of the number of linguistic units was limited at this time course (Figs. 3 and 4). On the other hand, the stimuli with a single linguistic unit produced significantly larger positive amplitude around 250 msec (labeled tentatively as P250 here) than those with two linguistic units, while the influence of the vowel points was limited at this time course (Figs. 5 and 6).

These results would rather suggest that visual information and linguistic information in Hebrew are processed separately as early as 170 through 250 msec and that the visual processing precedes the linguistic processing within this time window.

This preliminary study focuses on a phonetic variation of the velar nasal, which appears as an allophone of /g/ in several Japanese dialects. The author investigated two dialects, Gujo (Gifu prefecture) and Kitaibaraki (Ibaraki prefecture), both of which were considered to have the velar nasal according to previous studies. Tokens containing /g/ in the recorded data were analyzed through the inspection of spectrograms. As a result, the author identified two patterns, the typical velar nasal stop and the nasalized velar approximant. The latter pattern was acoustically characterized as the lack of formant damping, which is one of the most significant characteristics of a nasal stop. It is not clear whether this variation correlates with sociolinguistic factors such as region. More data are needed to answer this question.

The purpose of this study is trying some analysis on speech of a department store employee. Analysis data was measured each phrase time length and each pause time length by waveform and sound spectrogram, and was calculated speech rates. It is thought a pause of in-elevator-announcement and of in-store-announcement is inserted different timing. Moreover, speech rate is slower in-store-announcement than in-elevetor-announcement.

This paper examined three prenasalized stops [^mb], [ⁿd], and [^ŋg] in Todohokke dialect and Setana dialect of Southern Hokkaido. The existence of those sounds has been thought to be one of the characteristics which distinguish the dialects from Standard Japanese, while the sounds has been reported to occur less frequently, even in conversation performed by elderly speakers.

The free utterances of three participants were recorded and the prenasalized stops were searched for. A small number of examples of each sound were confirmed in the utterances. In the same environment, however, non-prenasalized variants [b], [d], and [ŋ] were also observed more frequently.

This study serves as the starting point for a series of analyses to show that there are commonalities in prosodic features in speech even when superficially different terms or expressions are used, provided that they have identical functions. The eventual objective of this research is to develop function-specific prosodic indicators, and support oral training for beginner-level learners as part of Japanese language education. As a first step, the present study uses a questionnaire survey to identify the conversational functions required by beginner-level Japanese language learners within a university setting.

The results indicate that the following are required: 1. Functions to request a form of action in another party, 2. Functions to convey one's feelings, and 3. Communication functions to facilitate interpersonal relationships.

In this article the author analyzed the forms of the suffix writing of the perfect sḏm=f attested in the Late Egyptian Hieratic Manuscript Papyrus Abbott (BM10221) and pointed out the following results: Some strong verbs (ḏd, pḥ, sẖ⫖) have suffix .w, but others (rḫ, ỉṯ⫖, sḏm, sỉp, wḥm) do not. Some weak verbs (⫖wỉ, thỉ) have suffix .y, but others (gmỉ, ỉnỉ) do not. The irregular verb rdỉ employs the strong verb type suffix .w, whereas ỉrỉ uses the weak verb type of suffix .y and its allomorph .yw/.wy. This tendency suggests that each verbal category could be divided into several sub-categories.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the phonetic characteristics in the announcement over a PA system in high-school baseball. Survey subjects are females who currently make announcements over a PA system. The following characteristics were observed as a result. (1) A pause is phrase-based, and a rising-tone is often observed at the beginning of the phrase. Such rising tone at the beginning of the phrase has a higher degree of change than regular speech. (2) A pause during speech lasts for 435.6ms on average, consisting of 20.2% of overall speech. (3) The rate of speech is slower in the case of an announcement over a PA system in a stadium than that of regular speech.

I conducted two experiments to observe how Japanese language learners control their speech rate, and how native speakers perceive the tempo of this speech when they hear it.

In the first experiment, eight Korean native speakers learning Japanese and five Japanese native speakers read a short text using three different speech rates, and I recorded and analyzed them.

In the second, I recorded spontaneous speeches spoken by 34 Korean native speakers in Japanese; 22 Japanese native speakers listened to these speeches and judged the speed of each of them.

The results were as follows:

(1) The Japanese learners as well as the native speakers could control their speech rate.

(2) The learners spoke more slowly than the native speakers.

(3) While the native speakers had internal systems concerning when to insert pauses and how long they should be, the learners did not.

(4) The learners' speeches were more frequently judged to be fast.

(5) The native speakers relied upon utterance parts when determining the rate of fast speeches, and used pause length and frequency to aid their assessment of slow speeches. This is in line with previous studies of Japanese native speakers judging the speech of other native speakers.

The practical experience of the present writer's own English phonetic fieldwork which has been carried out for six years in Great Britain and Ireland is reported. The processes of trial and error for finding subjects, selecting words for the recording word lists, designing contents of the proforma and things to note on the recordings are included. This paper shows that phoneticians can still discover new things if they are willing to do the fieldwork, and that the secret of success to the fieldwork is getting hold of a reliable indigenous cooperator in the field.

This paper is based on the JELS lecture entitled “Kamigata Rakugo and Dodoitsu and Phonetics” in Muroran Institute of Technology on September 2, 2016. I explained ‘Dodoitsu’ in ‘Kamigata Rakugo (the west comic story)’. Dodoitsu is the fixed form poetry with 26 mora in the pattern of 7-7-7-5.

The main contents are as follows.

(1) In Toki Udon (Time wheat noodles), it is understood the personality of two caracters named Sêroku and Kihachi by Dodoitsu.

(2) When the storyteller speaks Dodoitsu that does not sing, it is divited into 7-7 and 7-5, based on the middle prosodic phrase.

The Mongolian Su’nid dialect, which is my mother tongue, has no phonological opposition accent like other Mongolian dialects. So, Mongolian accent studies have not been done so far, and as an established theory "Mongolian accents always have strength in the first syllable of the word" has been said. However, there are many counterexamples in this theory. I could not be convinced of this theory, and I examined the Su’nid dialect by using the experimental phonetic method. It was possible to submit amendments to the conventional theory from the following three points: (1) the number of syllables, (2) the type of syllables, and (3) the syllable structure.

In addition, as a byproduct, by studying phonetics with non - differential characteristics, I argued that there are cases useful for the whole language study as well.