To utilize the kaolin-clay produced in Belitung Island of Republic of Indonesia as blending material of "white porcelain", purification of the clay by decreasing iron and titanium content through High Gradient Magnetic Separator was investigated. The results obtained were summarized as follow;
(1) Titanium content was easier to be removed by HGMS than iron content from the clay. The purified product, which can be used as a raw material of white porcelain, could be obtained under the yield of more than 8000 by some treating conditions determined.
(2) Double pass treatment, that is a repeat treatment of concentrate of the first one, was more effective than the single pass treatment to remove the titanium content under the same condition of matrix loading.
(3) The target of purification could be reached only by the matrix FW. And comparing the small diameter of matrix (1 1"/2), large dia. (3 1"/2) could obtain rather highly purified product under a little lower yield.
(4) The slurry density of sample affects slighty the result, however, higher density has tendency to give higher yield and higher iron content.
(5) The HGMS treatment after ball mill grinding of the clay gave more highly purified product under rather higher yield than the one before mill grinding.

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The KKI process is a new combination process to produce lighter oil from vacuum residual oil (VR) by thermal cracking and simultaneously to reduce iron ore to sponge iron with deposited carbon as reductant.
VR is cracked thermally to lighter oil in a fluidized bed reactor with fine iron ore as fluidized medium. The cracked oil is withdrawn from the reactor for treatment to petroleum products in usual fashion.
Iron ore is covered with by-product coke in the reactor. The iron ore covered with coke is withdrawn continuously from the reactor and subsequently reduced easily to sponge iron in the reduction furnace.
Two types of reduction system are employed and these are selected in proportion to sulfur content in the VR. For low sulfur VR, a rotary kiln is used and for high sulfur VR, a fluidized bed reduction furnace is used.
According to the results of experiments using pilot plants for thermal cracking, rotary kiln reduction and fluidized bed reduction, the yield of petroleum products was almost equal to that of conventional thermal cracking processes and sponge iron briquettes with reduction degree more than 92% was effectievely produced by rotary kiln. Even if a high sulfur VR was used, sponge iron with low sulfur less than 0.05% and reduction degree higher than 95% was obtained by fluidized bed reduction.

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