In this paper a comparison of computed and observed settlements of actual buildings is attempted for the purpose of making a contribution to the accumulation of similar data. Buildings selected include seventeen apartment buildings, five school buildings and two hospital buildings, all of which are located in Hiroshima city.In addition, this paper also deals with the problem of crack formation due to differential settlement of the structure.

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The stability of a caisson or of a pier subjected to horizontal thrust has been calculated by means of a few theoretical formulae which often possess various defects, and the reaction of foundation soil has not been well estimated on the basis of experimental results.The author made a full size test on this problem using an actual caisson, and the following conclusions have been reached.i) The horizontal reaction of a caisson is often larger than theoretical estimates.ii) The pattern of displacement and deformation of a caisson and distribution of earth pressure on its sides and base differ widely from those assumed for theoretical considerations.iii) The duration of loading has a marked influence on the reaction of foundation soil.

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In this paper a special device for triaxial compression test of sandy specimen is introduced which serves to maintain the proper shape of specimen before sufficient lateral pressure is applied thereto.

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