In this study are shown the expressions for calculating stresses and displacements beneath the rectangular flexible foundation resting on an elastic isotropic layer of limited thickness, underlain by a rigid base. The solution is given for the vertical and horizontal load. The contact between the compressible layer and rigid base has been assumed to be perfectly rough.Stresses and displacements have been calculated for the ratio H/B=1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 5.0 (where H is the thickness of the compressible layer and B is the width of the foundation), for L/B=1.0; 2.0 and 5.0 (where L and B are the dimensions of the foundation) and for the Poisson's ratio μ=0.15; 0.30 and 0.45.

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A variational principle equivalent to the governing equations in Biot's consolidation theory is derived. On the basis of the variational principle, a numerical method effective to nonhomogeneous, anisotropic soil in one-, two-, or three-dimension is developed. Two examples are given to illustrate the validity and practicality of the method.

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A set up for footings under inclined loads has been described. Loads could be applied either (i) at an angle with vertical on a footing with horizontal base or (ii) normal to the footing with its base inclined with the horizontal.Typical observations on load, displacement, tilt and ultimate load carrying capacity of three footings on sand are also described. Mechanism of failure surface were also studied.

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