The author discussed problems and possibilities of modern parapsychology from a viewpoint of natural sciences focusing on the research senses. First, the author made a short review on the observational theory in parapsychology and pointed out that life phenomena should be considered more. Next, through the author’s experiments on healing, the author claimed that power of qi/psi could be described as the natural logarithm of the ratio of physical quantity, and also that we could deal with psi on paradigm of modern physics. Moreover, the author expressed that researchers could obtain new ideas if they change their senses of time or research, especially, if they consider parapsychological phenomena as a kind of natural phenomena.

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In this paper, we would like to show that applying Process Oriented Psychology （POP） to the treatment for a psychosomatic symptom stimulates a paradigm shift in medicine, helping to emerge a new kind of medicine which will cover both wholeness and completeness, namely cure and healing. In the treatment of POP, somatic symptoms and troubles in relationships are regarded as a conflict between “primary process” which is relatively close to one’s usual consciousness and“ secondary process” which tends to be ignored by ordinary ego but might contain important messages from something beyond such an ego. While Western ego tries to achieve the “completeness,” the goal of POP is the wholeness or an integration of primary process and secondary process. In this case of a female patient in her thirties with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder for 13 years before our treatment, her symptoms occured by troubles of relationships in job and continued in spite of drug treatment and verbal counseling. Because her symptoms did not improve sufficiently in spite of SSRI treatment, the treatment with POP approach was introduced 3 years after our treatment. As a result, the patient got improved, giving up perfectionism and obsession for cleanness, and becoming more aware of the importance of relationship in her life, striving for marriage, children, or meaningful job 6 years after our treatment.

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The purpose of this article is to introduce the recent trends in the study of children’s spirituality （CS）. The first part discusses part of the reason for the growing concern of CS: recognizing the significance of focusing on meaning of life and sense of connectedness, and arguments against stage theory of development. Then the second part is to review the brief history of the contemporary study of CS; these studies attend to（ a） children’s spiritual experience as typified by religious experience and peak experience in the last decades of the 20th century,（ b）“ relational consciousness”（ Hay & Nye, 2006）in recent years; these depend on qualitative study such as retrospective method for adults or interviews with children. The third part introduces skeptical views of CS from traditional psychology. The last part describes the definitional and methodological issues in this area and future direction in Japan such as making a careful selection of qualitative research methods, developing measures, and literature study of the Eastern view of children.

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When treating a patient, a psychiatrist often unknowingly makes certain assumptions, and provides treatment based on them. Therefore, if the patient behaves in discordance with　such expectations, the psychiatrist will be confounded, thus unable to react flexibly. Once the patient senses this kind of confusion, however the psychiatrist tries to appear in control of the situation, the treatment will either come to a standstill or end up in failure in the long run. It is believed that the highly regarded psychiatrists of the past had made tremendous efforts in deepening their treatment expertise in one way or another. We can see a part of such efforts in the practice by Carl Gustav Jung and Sigmund Freud. It is often the case that questions and requests by patients inherently include inspirations that can enhance the capabilities of psychiatrists. This structure shares certain commonalities with the characteristics of Koan.

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