再生型事例（case of the reincarnation type）の多くでは、過去生と関係する恐怖症や嗜好、遊び、技能など過去生に関する発言以外の要素が見られる。事例の当事者が外国での過去生記憶を持つ、いわゆる国際事例（international case）の場合、その国への望郷の思いを抱いたり、その国やその国の事物に対して深い思い入れを持っていたり、言語を含むその国の文化と関連する技能を有していたりすることがある。本稿では、次の三つの特徴を持つ、日本人としての過去生記憶を持つロシア人の事例について報告する：（1）子ども時代の記憶を失っていない成人の事例である;（2）過去生記憶と関連する文化に対する強い嗜好を有する事例である;（3）過去生記憶と関連する卓越した技能を示す事例である。

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This paper seeks to explore the perception of learning, including the factors which contributed to the spread of self-learning and collaborative learning in the Association of Russian Interpreters in Japan. The research is based on the oral history interviews of three pioneer Russian language interpreters who have taken part in the activity of the Association of Russian Interpreters since the 1980s.

The paper briefly outlines the background of pioneer Russian language interpreters in Post-World War II Japan. Tokunaga Harumi, who was one of the founders of the Association of Russian Interpreters in Japan, highlighted the importance of sharing knowledge and continuous learning, and his beliefs significantly influenced Russian language interpreters’ attitudes towards learning.

Next follows a description on how the three interviewed interpreters acquired necessary competence through interpreting and translation work, and it focuses attention on the fact that all of them emphasized the role of background knowledge. The paper highlights the importance of extralinguistic knowledge, including worldly knowledge and the country-specific knowledge suggesting the future possibilities of interpreter training within area studies.

By analyzing the narratives, this study also demonstrates how the socio-political situation, i.e., the ups and downs in demand for interpreters at that time, was one of the factors which led to the collaboration of the interpreters. Characteristics of interpreter demand, such as the need to work in different spheres, have influenced not only the contents of interpreters’ learning but also the style of learning. This in turn fostered the spread of collaborative learning in the community of practice which enabled the interpreters in this study to exchange their experiences.

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This paper investigates the current state of Russian interpreter training in Japan, and includes analyses of syllabi from universities, language schools, and other institutions. It also explores the history of Russian interpreter training in Japan by compiling previous research and audio recordings from symposiums held by the Association of Russian Interpreters. Russian interpreter training evolved along with the beginnings of Russian language education in Japan, and at present, the number of university courses including interpreting training has increased. However, the emphasis of this training still focuses primarily on language enhancement. This study also addresses the role of the Association of Russian Interpreters as a “community of practice” in skill-based training in Japan, as this point distinguishes Russian interpreting training from that of other language pairs. Finally, this paper calls attention to specific issues such as insufficient language mastery, and explores the future possibilities of Russian interpreter training in Japan.

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