In this study, we aimed to quantify the effect of olfaction on vision by using P300, which is an event-related potential. The experiment was conducted on 6 healthy male subjects. Subjects performed a visual oddball task using fruit images under four different odor conditions, including odors that matched the images. Peak amplitude and peak latency of P300 were analyzed. Latency was affected by odor, but no correlation with vision was found. However, amplitude tended to increase during odor conditions consistent with images. It was suggested that the effect of odors on vision can be quantified using the amplitude component of P300.

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In order to improve the bioavailability of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), the elixir and two kinds of suppositories (Witepsol (WH) base and macrogol (MC) base) of 6-MP were prepared and administered to a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in a balanced crossover design. Plasma levels and the area under the plasm concentration-time curve (AUC) values for 6-MP were determined following the powder, elixir and suppositories administrations of 6-MP. Compared with the AUC value after the powder administration, the relative bioavailabilities (F_ret) for the elixir and suppositories were evaluated, respectively. The concentration of 6-MP in the elixir was prepared to 0.25%.The suppositories of 6-MP were prepared by the fusion method and the content was 20 mg/g/one suppository. The release of 6-MP from the suppositories was examined by the dissolution test in vitro before the clinical study. The release ratio of 6-MP was higher from the MC base suppository than from the WH base suppository. 6-MP was administered orally (50 mg/m²) and rectally (30 mg/m²) to the child with ALL, respectively. The plasma levels of 6-MP were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography method. The AUC values (ng·hr/ml) from the powder, elixir, WH suppository and MC suppository administrations were 82.3, 204.0, 197.0 and 714.4, respectively.The F_rel for the elixir, WH suppository and MC suppository were 2.48, 3.99 and 14.47, respectively, that was extremely increased by the MC suppository administration.
This finding indicates that the rectal administration by the MC suppository of 6-MP could avoid the first-pass metabolism of this drug, and that this rectal administration of 6-MP will be effective on the treatment of children with ALL, especially for the patients with nausea and/or vomiting.

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食物経口負荷試験はアレルゲン食品を経口摂取し症状誘発の有無を確認する検査であり食物アレルギーの最も確実な診断法である．我国における経口負荷試験の標準化をめざした“食物経口負荷試験ガイドライン2009”が日本小児アレルギー学会により発行された．経口負荷試験は，1）即時型症状の既往例での原因アレルゲンの診断，2）乳幼児アトピー性皮膚炎，特異的IgE抗体陽性などの感作があるアレルゲン食品，3）耐性獲得の判断を目的として行われる．負荷試験では，病歴やアレルギー検査値などを参考に適応判断を行い，ガイドラインを参考に安全性と正確性を確保した経口負荷試験が実施されることが重要である．

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