オウトウ果実の果肉および種子中のキサントキシンを，内部標準物質として重水素化キサントキシンを供試し同定・定量した．果肉では，高濃度のキサントキシンが果実の発育初期で観察されたが，成熟の開始に向けて減少した．その後キサントキシンは収穫まで増加した．種子のキサントキシン濃度は未熟種子で高く，種子の成熟とともに減少した．種子のキサントキシン濃度は果肉と比較して，10 倍程度高かった．本報告は非クライマクテリック果実でのキサントキシンの変化を，初めて明らかにした．

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反復経頭蓋外磁気刺激（rTMS）の1つであるtheta burst stimulation（TBS）は，頭蓋上のコイルから特異的なパターン刺激を発生することで，短時間で標的脳部位の神経活動を変調することが可能である．TBSには，間欠的な刺激パターンであるintermittent TBS（iTBS）による促通効果と持続的な刺激パターンであるcontinuous TBS（cTBS）による抑制効果がある．特徴として，iTBSは190秒，cTBSは90秒の短い刺激時間で効果が得られる点にある．まだ効果に関する強固なエビデンスは確立されていないが，障害された脳に直接アプローチすることで，通常のリハビリテーション治療を促進する手法となる可能性がある．

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Since 135 years E.C.H.Will Hamburg is one of the leading manufacturers of converting machinery for the paper industry.The company has gained worldwide acknowledgement when introducing cut size sheeters for copy paper. These machines are used worldwide by all well-known paper makers and also in the meantime by smaller paper converting companies.
With regard to folio size sheeter E.C.H.Will was and is reknown for special solutions instead. Based on and with the knowhow of hundreds of cut size sheeters and some hundred folio size sheeters having been delivered, the concept of the Will “global folio size sheeter” type GFS has been developed.
The great technical experience in cutting and transporting paper as well as introducing innovative ideas, new materials and, last but not least, the influence of various customers' requests, which are known to E.C.H.Will from numerous special projects, were the base for development of the GFS folio sheeter.

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今日の経済状況及び成熟したマーケット環境下においては，既設設備の生産性／収益性を高めることが重要になっている。特に仕上げ部門においては，機械導入当初のままの状態で長年使用されている設備も多く制御・ドライブ装置等の電気機器が製造メーカーにおいて廃版となりメンテナンス性が問題となる場合も出て来ている。MarquipWardUnited社はコルゲーター用クロスカッターナイフを源流とし，その後に転用され様々なアプリケーションの経験を経て今日の世界で最も進歩したナイフを作り上げた。すでに世界中で1，800台以上のクロスカッターユニットが納入されその内350台が用である。
その最大の特徴は，クロスカッターローターの構造にあり外周部のシェルにナイフを取り付け，軽量のシェルのみ水冷式ダイレクトドライブモーターで駆動することにより以下の利点が得られる。
①　優れたスピードカーブ
②　低消費電力
③　高ナイフロード（最大3，000gsm）
④　機械に取り付けたままでのナイフ研磨
本稿ではMarquipWardUnited社の最先端クロスカッター技術を設置後20年以上が経過し，経年変化による精度不良，メンテナンスコスト増大等の問題に直面している既設のに導入する技術改善プログラムについて紹介する。

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Ultra Low Aspect Ratio Tokamaks (ULART) are produced by using a negative-biased theta-pinch device. A slender conducting rod which plays a role of a toroidal field coil is newly installed along a geometrical center axis of the theta-pinch coil. The ULART is quickly formed for about 10μs by applying programmed current flows from three sets of fast banks and a slow bank to these coils and is sustained for about 100μs.
The plasma diagnosed from a magnetic probe array has a low aspect ratio A=1.1 and a poloidal surface with a high elongation ratio κ=10. The safety factor reaches about 30 near the separatrix edge when I_p=280kA flows in the plasma and I_tfc=30kA in the conducting rod. A preliminary result on global MHD characteristics of the ULART is also given. The plasma behaves unstable to a vertical displacement and a toroidal n=1 mode. The amplitudes of these modes depend on the values of I_tfc, and κ.

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has the potentials to change brain excitability, inducing plasticity. In recent years, the use of rTMS has been increased for basic research and clinical applications, such as post–stroke complicatons, including hemiparesis, aphasia or unilateral spatial neglect.

rTMS is classified into inhibitory low–frequency (≦1Hz) and facilitatory high–frequency rTMS (≧5Hz), totally named as conventional rTMS (c–rTMS), in which stimulation pattern is regular. In contrast, patterned rTMS (p–rTMS) has irregularly modified stimulation pattern. The after–effect of rTMS, lasting beyond stimulation time, depends on the number, intensity and frequency of stimulation pulses, contributing to clinical efficacy of rTMS. Lastly, p–rTMS is used much often than c–rTMS, because the after–effect of the former is more than the latter in duration and magnitude of the effect. The author and collegue use theta burst stimulation (TBS) (Huang et al, 2005) among various p–rTMS. TBS is classified into inhibitory continuous TBS (cTBS) and facilitatory intermittent TBS (iTBS). In this report, in addition to c–rTMS, the efficacies of cTBS are described for unilateral spatial neglect (USN) or non–fluent aphasia, stimulating over posterior parietal cortex or Brodmann area 45 (BA45) on unaffected hemisphere, respectively. Also, in recent, we have reported the effect for post–stroke ataxia of hybrid therapy of iTBS over the motor cortex on affected hemisphere combined with integrated volitional control electrical stimulation (IVES).

rTMS (in particular, TBS) is expected a promising useful therapy for rehabilitation.

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Six pulse oximeters (OF=Ohmeda, MF=Minolta, NF=Novametrix, PF=Physio-Control, DF=Datex and RF=Radiometer; F means finger probe) were examined in 8 healthy non-smoking volunteers (aged 26-32) rendered hypoxic (down to SaO_2 70%) by breathing mixture of air or oxygen in nitrogen. Arterial blood was withdrawn from the radial artery for % HbO_2 and SaO_2 determination with CO-oximeter. The differences of oximeter readings (SpO_2) from % HbO_2 were 0.5±2.1 (SD) in RF and 0.8±2.3 (SD) in OF, and those from SaO_2 were 0.1±2.0 in MF and 0.4±1.9 in NF. The SpO_2 in OF was 2.9±1.0 % lower than in MF (p<0.001). The mean difference between SaO_2 and %HbO_2 was 2.25±0.26(p<0.001). It was indicated that OF and RF reflected %HbO_2 in non-smokers, while MF and NF reflected SaO_2. Since each oximeter was differently calibrated, it will be necessary to pay attension to the meaning of its reading for clinical monitoring.

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Part 1 The Effects of The Sympathetic Nerve Stimulation.It has been reported by Maekawa, at the Symposium on "Angina pectoris", the 20th Annual Meeting of Japanese Circulation Society in 1956, that the angina pectoris vasomotorica which is universally accepted to be a functional coronary insufficiency could be caused neurogenically, and its mechanism may be sympathetic in origin. The diagnosis of such neurogenic angina pectoris depends clinically only on the observable change in electrocardiographic pattern i. e., the depression of ST segments and T waves. Do such changes of electrocardiographic pattern indicate a lack of oxygen in the myocardium due to the contraction of the coronary arteries, or a relative lack of oxygen in the myocardium due to increased cardiac work in spite of the dilatation of the coronary artery by the sympathetic nerve excitement ? In order to probe this problem, the author has performed experiments on dogs whose ganglion stellatum and subclavian loop were stimulated electrically. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure and coronary blood flow etc. were recorded simultaneously to study their changes ; thus it was aimed to clarify the patho-physiology responsible for the appearance of the electrocardiographic pattern of coronary insufficiency.Method Normal dogs ranging in weight from 10 to 15 kg. were used. Cononary blood flow was measured by means of catheterization of the coronary artery with the Cournand's catheter which was inserted into the left coronary artery via the left carotid artery. The coronary artery was perfused under the constant pressure with the reserved blood and the amount of the perfused blood was measured with and electromagnetic flowmeter.Electrocardiograms were recorded with the right chest lead, left chest lead and esophageal lead. Arterial pressure was measured in the left femoral artery by means of an electromanometer. The diagram of experimental arrangements is shown in Fig. 1.Conclusion 1) Sympathetic nerve stimulation resulted always in an elevation of blood pressure and an increase of pules rate. (Fig. 14, 15)2) Sympathetic nerve stimulation tended to decrease coronary blood flow at the initial stage and increase it at later stage. (Fig. 13) For example, the directional change in coronary blood flow immediately after the stimulation was : increase in 4, no change in 7 and a decrease in 5 cases. One minute after the cessation, the observed change was : increase in 9, no change in 4 and a decrease in 3 cases. However, since the influence of the heart contractility and pulse rate etc. can not be excluded from the observed effect, it is not certain whether or not the observed results indicate true behaviors of the coronary artery.3) Sympathetic nerve stimulation caused electrocardiographic changes in ST and T. The produced pattern consisted mainly of ST depression and T inversion, but sometimes of ST elevation and an increased amplitude of T waves. (Table 1)4) The coronary insufficiency pattern of the electrocardiogram which appeared after the sympathetic nerve stimulation was not caused by the change in the coronary blood flow of cardiac work. This would suggest that the sympathetic stimulation exerts a direct action on the myocardium.Part 2 The Effects of The Sympathomimetic substances.Although there have been many studies regarding the actions of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are sympathomimetic substances, on the coronary vessels, there is still no definitive interpretation about their effect, for there are two defferent theories ; the one insists that the coronary vessels are contracted by epinephrine or norepinephrine and the other insists that the coronary vessels are dilated. [the rest omitted]

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When Nai Pan Hla came to Japan in 1988 as a research fellow of Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, he brought with him numerous copies of Mon documents dealing with the Dhammathat code of laws, inscriptions by King Kyansittha and other monarchs in Mon, histories of Dvaravati, Hanthawaddy and Dhammazedi, Mon songs and folktales and so forth. When he left Kyoto, he gave me several documents dealing with Mon linguistics and Mon literature.
 Among these papers I found two hand-written copies of a Mon version of the Rama story. The first copy is composed of 190 pages, all in verse and transcribed from an original palm-leaf manuscript preserved in the Bernard Free Library, Rangoon, Burma, several decades ago. The second was brought from Lopburi, Thailand, to Burma by a Mon citizen named Mahaphun in 1950. It is composed of 372 pages, also all in verse. According to the preface of the original palm-leaf manuscripts, both were written in 1834 by a Buddhist monk named Uttamu. In content, the two copies were found to be identical, and it is evident that they derive from the same original. The title of the Mon Rama story is given as “Loik Samoing Ram.”
 At the 12th International Ramayana Conference held at Kern Institute, Leiden University, Holland, in August 1995,I introduced the general structure and order of arrangement of the Mon Rama story. Here, I shall present the salient features of the Mon Rama story in comparison with Vālmīki Rāmāyana, Non-Vālmīki Rāmāyanas, and other local versions of the Rama story prevalent in Southeast Asia.
 Comparative study with other versions of Rāmāyana revealed the following noteworthy points in the Mon Rama story. (1) The story begins with Uttara Kāṇḍa, (2) Ram (Ramā) is described as having previously been a Bodhisattva (Future Buddha), (3) Soite (Sītā) is the incarnation of Indra's consort, Wunjeta, (4) Bali (Vāli) is the son of the Sun God, and Soingrid (Sugrīva) is the son of the Moon God, (5) Paddama Devi (Maṇḍodarī) springs from a big lotus flower, (6) the story includes the pre-matrimonial love of Ram and Soite, (7) Totsagri (Rāvaṇa) attends the archery contest, (8) Ram is exiled for twelve years instead of fourteen years as stated in Vālmīki Rāmāyana, (9) Soite changes into a female ape and becomes pregnant with Anuman (Hanumān), (10) the sister of Bali and Soingrid, Swaha, is the real mother who gave birth to Anuman, (11) Sammanukot (Śūrpaṇakhā) is related to Khara and Dūṣaṇa as mother and her children, (12) Sammanukot transforms herself into a golden hind, (13) the blood pouring out of the cave after the duel between Bali and a buffalo changes color from dark to light. The buffalo's blood is in fact diluted by rain, (14) a gigantic crab destroys the foundation of a causeway, (15) Suponnakha, the daughter of Pipek (Vibhīṣaṇa), transforms herself into the dead body of Soite, (16) Lekkhana (Lakṣmaṇa) does not behold Soite's face for three years, (17) Soite drawas a portrait of Totsagri (Daśagrīva) and is exiled from Ram's palace, (18) Soite delivers a son, Ni Kwe. His replica, Ni Choa, is miraculously created by a hermit, (19) King Ram fights with his two sons, (20) Ram and Soite are reunited, (21) Soite, Ongkhut (Aṇgada) and Inda Reje (Indrajit) are mentioned as siblings each other, since Paddama Devi, Totsagri's wife, gave birth to them (two sons and one daughter).
 It is evident that Loik Samoing Ram derives directly from the Burmese version of the Rama story,

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