In this article, I will introduce the monuments of the “Benguet migrants” who engaged in road construction to “summer capital” Baguio in 1903–05, and then introduce the war monuments in Baguio which became one of the fierce battlegrounds of the Japan–US war in 1945. Taking into consideration that Baguio was built as an American colonial city, I will discuss the differences in historical recognition between Japanese Filipinos and the other Filipinos with reference to monuments and museum exhibitions.
The Japanese stressed the contribution of Japanese workers on the road, but generally speaking, Filipinos and Americans worked together to complete the construction, contributed to the local community, and were also appreciated by the Filipinos such as indigenous people.
Japanese Filipinos in Baguio are connected to the Baguio local community and the Philippine state in the context of today’s world, regional, national and local societies. It is necessary to consider how they can contribute to the local community and the state by connecting with mainland Japan. Their history and culture should be incorporated into the common understanding of the local community and the state as an important element.
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