Diatoms collected from seven springs in Okinawa were studied. A total of 77 forms belonging to 21 genera were recorded. The diatom community was organized by 12-33 forms at each station.
Nitzschia amphibia was only the d iatom distributed in all stations.
Dominant species were as follows; Gomphonema angustum, G. angustatum, G. gracile, Navicula germainii, N. confervacea, N. contenta, Synedra fasciculata var. truncata, Achnanthes brevipes var. intermedia.

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群馬県草津および香草温泉は酸性泉の代表的例であり,長野県山の内混泉は弱アルカリ性温泉である。著者らはヒれらの温泉のヒ素含量を1961年および1963年に調査しつぎの結果を得た。
1)草津温泉:水温14.2°～64.0℃, pH 1.6～2.6, Cl^-64～600mg/l, SO₄^2- 212～1634mg/l, HBO₂ 1.5～9,8mg/l,H₂S 0.0～13.4mg/l, As 0.12～0.90mg/l。
香草温泉:水温61°～62.0℃, pH1.5, Cl^- 3400～3620mg/l,SO₄^2- 3917～4135mg/l,HBO₂ 31.2～31.8mg/l, H₂S 0.0～4.4mg/l, As 1,70～v2.00mg/l。
山の内温泉:水温43.0°～98.5℃, pH 3.6～8.4, Cl^- 166～650mg/l, SO₄^2- 180～380mg/l, H₂S 0.0～3.7mg/l, As O.23～1.50mg/。
2)草津温泉においてはCl^-, SO₄^2-, HBO₂, H2SおよびAsに富む酸性の熱水が深所から上昇し,これに浅所で地下水が混入しており,山の内温泉ではCl^-, HBO₂, H₂S, Asなどに富む弱アルカリ性の熱水が深所から上昇し,これに浅所で中性・または弱酸性の地下水が混入している。As/Cl比の大きさで比較すると山の内,草津,香草,湯釜の順となる。

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In Japan, the Research on Ski Resort Development has been increasing in recent years, and its content has been improved. However, most studies concern Ski Resort Development since the 1960s, and the Characteristics before the War have not been clarified.
In this Research, we will clarify the Development of Ski Resort along the Shin-Etsu line in Nagano Prefecture between 1912 and 1938. The reason for paying attention to this district was that it was the most developed region in Japan at that time. For the material, we use the data of the Ministry of Railways in Nagano Prefecture and the data on this Ski Resort in this region.
The Results were as follows.
1. Only Iiyama and Nozawa were the Ski Resorts in the region from 1912 to 1924. The two Ski Resorts had a few Japanese Hotels and the narrow ski-slope places near the station. Ski equipment for rent was not attached.
2. The regions of the Ski Resort from 1924 to 1936 remained almost the same places as before. However, the Railroad Company and the Ski Club started to develop the Ski Resort. The position of the slopes changed from near the station to the Mountain side. Ski equipment for rent started.
3.The number of regions of the Ski Resort from 1932 to 1938 had increased more than before. The Railroad Company and the Ski Club made a special Organization to increase the Ski Visitors. The Organization started to open the ski competitions and lessons.

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Since Helset was invited from Norway as the first ski instructor in Japan in 1929, Japan's ski level has improved significantly. This paper clarifies the process of inviting Helset and activities in Japan. Historical materials used for research are diplomatic documents from both countries, ski federation materials, and letters written by Helset to their families. The study revealed the following:
1. Modern Schanze and technical guidance are necessary for the development of the Japanese skiing world, and the Ski Federation planned a training for the leaders with the advice of Chichibu and the financial support of Baron Okura. Therefore, the Norwegian government and the Norwegian Ski Federation accepted the wish of an important invitation from the Japanese imperial family and dispatched the best ski leader Helset and two skiers to Japan.
2. Their activities are to search for candidate sites to create Schanze in Hokkaido, Tohoku, Hokushinetsu, and Gunma, and to teach and give lectures at ski competitions held in Hokkaido, Niigata, Nagano and Gunma.
Their activities attracted attention in various places, and many people gathered.

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A floor heating system was equipped at Japanese style room in 1931. This first installation was designed by Yanagimachi, a building services engineer. At the same time Kondo developed Honetsu-tatami(Tatami with hot water coil). Following those trials Yamakoshi, an architect, applied the floor heating system to his own house DOMO DINAMIKA in 1933. Yanagimachi and Yamakoshi and Imai collaborated designing and construction with Imai, a company engineer. Some of architects followed them and used the floor heating/ceiling panel heating in their designed houses. There were two kinds of utilization of the floor heating, i.e. installation in Japanese style room and western style room. Tsuchiura and Murata tried a ceiling panel heating system. Taniguchi compared two types of floor heating systems in the same house. Fujioka, Yoishi, Yamawaki and Amido adopted the floor heating systems. However, they did not necessarily become popular in housing design before the world war II.

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