自由学園南沢キャンパス（東京都東学園町1–8–15）の構内を流れる立野川の最上流域である「向山緑地・立野川源流域」（東南沢3丁目）は，北向きの斜面林で，旧石器・縄文時代から人々に利用されながら大切に守られてきた．大きな撹乱を受けずに残されているこの貴重な縁崖林を継承していくため，自由学園の学生等は，地元に学び，地域の一員として保全活動等に取組んでいる．本寄稿では，自由学園最高学部（大学部）の学生・教員が，向山緑地・立野川源流域をフィールドとして，地域の方々と共に行っている教育研究の内容の一部を紹介する．

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The purpose of this report is to discuss the placement of Infant and Children’s Parks dealing with the children’s play life areas in the residential district. The first point is that Children’s play life areas are limited within the areas of town-block association in their residence. Subsequently, the characteristics of Infant and children’s Parks sited in the area of town-block association is analyzed from the view point of their utilization forms.

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都市の魅力向上を図るため、近年、パブリックスペースの価値を見直す動きが活発である。有明工業高等専門学校建築学科の学生は、2016年７月に福岡県

の六角堂広場で参加型イス製作イベントを実施した。そこで、本報では、広場の積極的活用策の一例を示すため、高専の建築学科学生が企画した同プロジェクトの取り組み経過、イベント当日の広場の使い方とその成果について報告する。

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旧・中島航空金属田無製造所専用線（旧・武蔵野鉄道東久留米駅構外側線）は，武蔵野鉄道武蔵野線（現・西武鉄道池袋線）東久留米駅（貨物）側線から分岐し，中島航空金属株式会社田無製造所内に至る全長2.45 km（実質），軌間1,067 mm, 非電化の単線である．第二次世界大戦末期の1944（昭和19）年に工場への資材輸送等を目的に急造したものの，1945（昭和20）年8 月15日の終戦による工場の操業停止で事実上の廃線となった極めて短命な線路である．専用線跡は一部区間が東の緑地（緑道）として残されている他，所々に当時の痕跡を留めており，地域の土木遺産，戦争遺跡，鉄道廃線跡として後世に残すべき歴史的遺構といえる（一部が東の旧跡に指定）．一方，専用線供用当時の実態については僅かな資料・証言が残るのみで，列車の写真等も発見されておらず，その実態についてよく分かっていないのが現状である．そこで本研究では，専用線跡の積極的な保存・活用に向けた提言をまとめることを念頭に，まずは当該専用線に関する事実関係をまとめることとした．具体的にはこれまでに専用線について記述された文献・資料の総合的なレビューを通じ既往研究の展開を整理するとともに，収集した資料・証言から読み取れる事柄を基に専用線について通史的にまとめた．またそこから不明点，疑問点等を挙げ，考察を加えるとともに今後の調査・研究課題として列挙した．なお，本稿では専用線の廃止（終戦）までを対象とし，その後の経過については続報としてまとめることとした．

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The city of Higashikurume, which located in the western suburb of Tokyo Metropolitan area, has been urbanized amazingly since 1960, because of the outward expansion of the urban area from warded areas in the Inner Tokyo. As the result, most of the farm lands and farmhouses are scattered among the urban areas. However, the rate of cultivated land and of the farmers whose income is mainly from farming are both above the average of those in the Northern Tama District. Uuder these circumstances, its total agricultural income (mainly by growing vegetables in the open air) is in the 3rd place among the 18 cities in that district.
In this paper the auther explains through his field works the reason why the open-air cultivation of vegetables are still kept in Higashikurume-city.
The summaries of this research are as follows:
1. Nowadays, in Higashikurume the following three main types of farmers are engaged in growing vegetables in the open air, full-time farmers who mainly grow vegetables, farmers who grow them while they are engaged in real estate as their side job and farmers only for maintaing their farms as property. However, the leading part of the vegetable-growing farmers in Higashikurume area the first two types of them. The farm lands owned by these two types of the farms maintain their cultivation, authorized as agricultual uses and free of the same amount of tax to residential land. The farmers whose income from agricultural products is no more than 50% of their total incomes own their small cultivated lands as only for property and grow vegetables mainly for themselves.
2. The full-time farmers who mainly grow vegetables own fairly large farm lands of around 200a. Because of being located in the high land price area, they plan with the combination of several kinds of vegetables all around the year, mainly those like spinach they can be sure of earning high income. With their great skill of farming, they earn high income by producing and forwarding spinach to the market during summer. Because normally it is so difficult to grow it during summer that the amount of its forwarding from other places are extremely small. Farming is, actually, done only by their family because of high wadges, and they also produce vegetables with the combination of several kinds of them to make it possible to work all around the year. And at the same time, they maintain their cultivation by planning crop rotation system in order to prevent the troubles derived from planting the same crop repeatedly and under these conditions of high land price and high wadges.

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