In this study I make clear the spatial condition of amusement quarter in Japanese modern city, paying attention to its autonomic aspect. In this paper I deal with Kobe Shinkaichi as the study material, one of the most prosperous amusement quarter in modern Japan, and I grasp the formation process of urban space and the transformation process to an amusement quarter. So I point the opportunity out to be the physical and artificial emptiness and the history that originates from reclamation of Minatogawa River.

抄録全体を表示

This paper aims to present basic viewpoints to understand the significance and problems of developing and utilyzing instructional materials which integrate different symbol systems and media through examining some typical examples of such production. As an introduction, the concept of "interactive video" is reviewed in terms of media's capability for interactivity. A typical classification has been the one which distinguished four stages of level zero, one, two, and three. The advancement of authoring software and emerging technology of computer, videodisc, and CD-ROM made it possible to produce interactive videos or interactive multimedia more easily. As a theoritical base, this paper discusses some cognitive aspects of juxtaposing different symbol systems for learning. It examines, in line with Dickson (1985)'s discussion, Salomon's empirical study on symbol systems, Olson's definition of intelligence, and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, and also the significance of using some computer software which are designed to facilitate children's meta-cognitive thinking through an experience of transforming different symbol systems. Typical examples of integrated multimedia used in this paper are "Domesday" in Britain, "The Voyage of the MIMI" in the United States, and "The Bunkyo Museum of Literature" in Japan. Domesday integrated a videodisc and a computer and, by doing so, different expressive formats of pictures, graphs, letters, moving images, and sounds into a unified environment. It comprizes two discs, national and community, which then contain a wide variety of information about British land and people. Date for the community disc was collected by many students in the country. Students can use Domesday as a powerful inquiry tool especially in social studies and science. The Voyage of the MIMI is a multimedia package for use in science and mathematics education for students in grades 5-7. The materials include a 13-part dramatic TV series which portrays a scientific investigation of whaling on a ship called the MIMI, a 13-part documentary TV series, computer software, and print materials. The most significant aspect of this package is that scientific topics are embedded in a context from which students will find out questions with meaningful links to the situation. The Bunkyo Meseum of Literature is one of the first applications of HyperCard to instruction in Japan. Multiple contents and symbol systems were integrated to give learners access to a rich environment of a literary world. An existing 16mm film was used as a major component of the system, and it was incorporated into ten stacks of HyperCard in order to allow a flexible link to each other. Based on these examinations, two viewpoints were presented to understand the significance and problems of integrating multiple contents and symbol systems for learning and instruction. One is the cognitive contexts in which media are utilyzed for learning. The other is the relationship between symbol systems and cognition. The emergence of new technology for media integration invites us to conduct more fundamental research on human cognitive processes.

抄録全体を表示

The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the process of how the Fundamental Law of Education was introduced to Postwar Okinawa, and how it took root there at a time when Okinawa was politically separated from Japan and was under the American occupation(1945-1972). Under the strict restrictions of the Occupational policies that had as their background American Far Eastern strategy, the Fundamental Law of Education and other educational laws were not realized in content as they really were intended in Japan proper, but rather were modified and changed within the framework established by the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands. Furthermore, the Code of Education for the Ryukyus, 1952, was administered by the Americans similar to other legal ordinances, namely as a colonial law. Inspired resistance by people of Okinawa, a democratic movement led by the teachers association in Okinawa and represented by Choubyou Yara, tried to deal legally with the four educational laws(the Fundamental Law of Education, the School Education Law, the Board of Education Law, and the Social Education Law). Boldly opposing the Americans this protest movement succeeded in achieving the implementation of the enactment of the Four Educational Laws based on the principle of Japan's educational legal system, 1958. The educational legal system and administration of Okinawa under the American Occupation was characterized by adversarial relationship based on the two different system of occupational Force's Government and the Okinawa Government. Unlike the other area of Japan proper, the Okinawa's Fundamental Law of education was developed under such characteristics as the following:1)the stabilization process under the American Occupation;2)civilian movement for legislation against the Occupation's administration;3)the local history that was handed down and spread to each island of Okinawa;and 4)a gap between the principle of the Fundamental Law of Education and reality.

抄録全体を表示

現在の日本はペットブームで、ペットフード協会(東京都千代田区)の調査によれば、2014年に家庭で飼われる飼育頭数は猫が約995万匹、犬が1034万匹という。秋田犬の名称が県名と合致する本県は、秋田犬の「聖地」であることを売り込むことで、県の知名度や存在感を高め、観光誘致に利用することができる。秋田犬は将来、再び絶滅の危機を迎えかねないことから、純粋犬種の保護に向け、ブリーダー機能を強化することも求められよう。本稿では、日本の歴史に重要な足跡を残した秋田犬の歴史と、国内と海外の秋田犬普及状況を紹介しながら、ビジネスにも利用できる秋田犬活用法を提言する。

抄録全体を表示