Prior to charting a course for Consumer-Homemaking Education in Japan, the authors felt the need to understand its development in the United States. Therefore, four Federal legislation for vocational home economics (The Vocational Education Acts) were analyzed. Vocational home economics was included as part of the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 and has continued to be supported under Federal legislation thus far. The 1963 Act reflected the needs of the times, and has expanded to fulfil two purposes : one to focus on preparation for homemaking, and the second to focus on training for home economics related occupations. The 1968 Act made available funds to offer programs in Consumer-Homemaking Education. A coalition of three professional organizations (The American Home Economics Association, The American Vocational Association, and the Home Economics Education Association) established in 1977, has increased communication and strengthened focus on Consumer-Homemaking Education today.
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