Separation of heavier rare earths, Tb, Dy and Ho was investigated by a batch and column method. Solvent impregnated resin can be made by soaking macro porous resin in organo-phosphorous extractant, whose trade name is PC-88 A, diluted in chloroform and removing chloroform from the mixture.
It has been revealed from the measurements of pore size distribution and specific surface area of the solvent impregnated resin that extractant is physically adsorbed or holded in macro porous resin. In a batch method the adsorption behavior of Tb, Dy and Ho with the solvent impregnated resin is quite similar to the extraction behavior with solvent extraction. The adsorption behavior for Tb, Dy and Ho, namely the relation of log D vs. pH is very close one another, which suggests the difficulty in the separation of Tb, Dy and Ho by the solvent impregnated resin. In a column method, it is possible to separate and recover lighter rare earth in the adsorption process, and heavier rare earth in the elution process. For instance, in a binary system of Tb and Ho, terbium can be recovered in the yield of 30-70% at 100% purity in the adsorption process, while holumium is collected in the yield of 45-50% at 100% purity in the elution process. From the measurement of the adsorption distribution of Tb and Ho in the column for the binary system, it has been proved that heavier rare earth is substitutionally adsorbed in the column to release lighter rare earth.

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　In 2014, after it was decided that Japan would host the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, discussions about utilizing sports to tackle social issues, referred to as Sport for Development and Peace (SDP), have increased. Additionally, Japanese policies on women’s participation in business have been reinforced since 2012, when the Japanese cabinet office included it as a key aspect of the nation’s growth strategy. With these trends in Japan, Japan’s Second Basic Sport Plan, established in 2017, included the first strategy for development of women and sports in Japan. Therefore, discussions of how sports can contribute to women’s participation in society have increased. While some previous research has focused on either sports policy or sports and women in general, few studies have been conducted on women and sports in Japanese policy development.
　Therefore, the present paper examines how the global movement for women and sports and the Japanese national growth strategy can influence women’s position in sports and the perception of gender in sports policy. The data are analyzed historically in an attempt to derive a perception of future directions in Japanese sports policy. The “Development plus sport” and “Sport plus development” models, which categorize development and sport initiatives into 2 categories, were applied in this study as an analytical framework.
　To understand the global women and sports movement, documents related to the UN, UNESCO, UN Women, IOC and IWG were analyzed. Official documents related to women and sports published by the Japanese government and the government budget concerning women and sports are also examined.
　The results indicated that the most significant improvement in the relationship between women and sports occurred when both the development and sports sectors were simultaneously interested in using sports to improve gender equality. Many of the previous Japanese sports policies had targeted only women. However, from a “Sport plus development” perspective, it is suggested that a gender and development (GAD) approach needs to be considered in sports policy development. This could result in changes to gendered division of labor, social and organizational structure, and regulation. From the “Development plus sport” perspective, compared to other countries, Japan has not actively used sports to contribute to gender equality in society. SDP projects related to gender that have already been implemented in other countries could be applied to gender issues in Japan.

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