色再現性や保存性に優れた銀塩写真は，写真出力の代名詞として長く親しまれてきた．一方で，近年，デジタルプロセスが急速に進歩し，インクジェット方式，電子写真方式，熱転写方式などのデジタルプリンタの高画質化が進み，銀塩写真の領域に迫り，『デジタルプリント』の市場が形成された．本編では，実績がある銀塩写真と進歩著しいデジタル写真に関して，出力メディアの観点で比較を行い，実力を探る．

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運輸部会の活動状況の概要を述べてきたが, 鉄鋼業もに入つた現在, 運輸部門における効率的運用はますます重要な課題となつており, 今後更に広範な分野にわたつて技術交流をはかり部会活動の成果を上げていきたい.
なお, 当部会の小委員会活動は, その研究成果はもちろんのこと, 若手管理者の育成, また各社共通問題の認識および部会会員の連帯感を深めるという面においても非常に有意義な活動であると考えており, 今後も一層の充実をはかつていきたい.

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サンゴ群集成長過程と環境条件との関係に関する解析は, 亜熱帯から熱帯圏における沿岸域開発と環境保全の観点において重要な課題である. 沖縄県に位置する那覇港の人工構造物におけるサンゴ群集の被度調査結果をもとに18年間のサンゴ群集の成長過程を解析した. 人工構造物上におけるサンゴ群集の成長過程は, 異形ブロック上と直立壁面上で異なり, それぞれの基盤面上での成長過程をロジスティック曲線により近似し, 標準的な成長過程を示した.さらに, サンゴ群集のにおける被度と環境条件を比較して, 異形ブロック上と直立壁面上のそれぞれでサンゴ群集の成長に影響を及ぼす環境条件を比較し, 検討した.

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　本研究は，東京都市圏における広域物流拠点の最適な配置に向けた政策としての審議会答申等や配置計画，事業手法，規制・誘導手法の特徴と，広域物流拠点の立地の動向を比較・分析し，広域物流拠点に関する政策の必要性と臨海部における今後の広域物流拠点の政策の方向性を明らかにすることを目的とする．その結果として，高度成長期，

，平成期を通じた政策により，広域物流拠点の配置計画に概ね沿った形で広域物流拠点の立地が進んでいることから政策の必要性を明らかとした．また，臨海部における今後の広域物流拠点の政策の方向性については，臨海部の老朽物流施設の更新のための大都市圏計画と都市計画の連携，流市法に代わる事業手法の適用，物効法に代わる規制・誘導手法の適用が必要であることを明らかにした．

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The delayed crack growth rate dc/dt is generally expressed as a function of stress intensity factor K as follows:
dc/dt=a₁K^m
where a₁ and m are constants that depend on several external factors. From the nucleation theory, Yokobori suggested that these constants were functions of temperature, surface energy, etc. However, there have been few experimental studies about the dependence of these constants upon external factors, although such a study is important to clarify the delayed crack growth mechanism.
The present experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of environment on a₁ and m by using a high polymeric solid, namely polycarbonate. It is hoped that the results are applicable to the study of metals because of the similarity in delayed crack growth rate between high polymers and metals. The main results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) There are two types of delayed crack growth; one is characteristic of the crack growth in air and another is that in the environment.
(2) The environmental delayed crack growth process consists of three stages.
(3) At the stage of stable crack growth, the growth rate is expressed as the power function of stress intensity factor. The power varies depending upon the kind of environment.

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This study focuses on policies and one-room apartments problems in 23 wards of Tokyo. The aim of this study is to lead several points of view to solve the one-room apartments problems in the future. Analysis was taken under 2 points of view; “one-room apartments problems”, and “one-room apartments policy”. Findings are as follows;
The one-room apartments is negatively caught in the region at the present stage, though the peak of the one-room apartments problems was about 1985. In addition, while the local society concretely points out one-room apartments problems, local society's recognition that the one-room apartments itself is a problem is deep-seated.
The one-room apartments problems was not solved as for the present stage, though the municipalities of Tokyo had introduced the one-room apartments policies in around 1985.

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We investigated the distribution of Osaka public housing, with regard to location and number of rooms. The results are as follows.
1. During the postwar reconstruction, Osaka city built about 800 low-level public housing units in the war-damaged area of Uemachi Plateau, situated to the south of Osaka city.
At the start of economic growth, Osaka city built.about 10, 000 more mid-level housing units, which were scattered throughout the city. The main locations were on the Osaka Gulf bank, the Yodo River bank, Uemachi Plateau, and Abeno Plateau. These areas were war-damaged sites, munitions factory sites and former parade grounds.
During the latter half of the rapid economic development period, Osaka city built about 14, 000 high-density high-rise units. These unit extend like a belt along the Osaka Gulf bank, the Yodo River bank, and the redeveloped areas on the Higashi Osaka Plain. They are also being located in former munitions factories and former parade grounds within Osaka city.
During the period of more stable economic growth, Osaka city built about 5, 000 condominium and high-class housing units on former redevelopment areas, former munitions factory sites, former warehouse sites, farmland to the north and west of the town area, the Osaka Gulf bank and the Yodo River bank.
2. Three-quarters (76%) of Osaka's public housing units are two-, three-, or four-room apartments. Situated in industrial areas, on reclaimed land, and in mixed-zoned residential/industrial areas, Konohana ward, Taisho ward and Suminoe ward contain many two-room housing units. Jyoto ward, a former military parade ground, contains many three-room apartments, but these larger units can also be found in other areas.
Miyakojima ward, on the left side of the Yodo River, and Oyodo ward are areas of mixed zoning, i. e., for residential, industrial and public land use.
Therefore the factors involved in the distribution of the number of rooms per unit are probably land price, the convenience of services and amenities, and the affordable standard of living.
3. The amount of public housing in Osaka has increased, and at the same time room construction has increased and incidental institutions have proliferated. However, the social environment surrounding the area of public housing has not developed into a desirable living environment. Poor siting locations have been a factor for example, soft and damp soil conditions instead of hard and dry. In the future good environments should be chosen for the construction of public housing units, so that they become valuable city assets, and desirable areas of social investment.

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