To fabricate a sintered Al₂O₃ with high dimensional accuracy by near-net-shape firing, oxidation and sintering behavior of compacts of a mixture of Al₂O₃ and Al powders was studied. The compacts were prepared by compressing green-sheets obtained by doctor-brade method at 196MPa and fired at 1600°C or less in air. The oxidation of Al in the compact occured between about 450°C and 1300°C, and prevents the compact from shrinking in firing process at 1300°C or less. A part of melting Al in the compact spilled out of the compact in firing process, because Al melts below 800°C, its oxidation temperature. MgO, CaCO₃ and TiO₂ powders were added to prevent the Al spillage and Si powder was added to prevent the shrinkage by sintering at 1400°C or more. As a result, the sinterd Al₂O₃ having a density of 3.72g/cm³ and 0.7% shrinkage by sintering was fabricated by sintering with oxidation of Al and formation of mullite.

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We have developed a Non-Shrinkage Ferrites “NSF” having near-net-shape by adding metallic Fe and sintered at high temperature (about 1200°C). In this work, we report low temperature (under the melting point of Ag, 960°C) sintered NSF. The control of the degree of NSF shrinkage is possible through utilizing both the expansion caused by the oxidation of metallic Fe and the complex chemical reaction allowed with NiO, ZnO, and CuO during sintering up to 920°C. In the case of low temperature sintering, high density NSF cannot be realized because non-uniform grain caused by the extreme oxidation of metallic Fe remains. It is found that addition of low-melting point oxides to the NSF permits effectively the NSF's microstructure to make uniform and compact. XRD and VSM show these NSF have the complete spinel crystal structure of ferrite. As a result, the shrinkage of low temperature sintered NSF is extremely small (-0.4%) and their magnetic characteristics are actually identical with those of conventional low temperature sintered ferrites.

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Liquid phase deposition (LPD) is the method to deposit SiO₂ films on the substrates at room temperature in the super-saturated fluorosilicic acid (H₂SiF₆) solution. When the SiO₂ films are directly deposited on the Si substrates, which are treated with diluted HF to remove the native oxide, the characteristics of the the SiO₂/Si interface are poor, because the surface Si atoms are terminated and covered with H atoms. Low temperature (30—500°C) annealing in O₂ was found to be effective to improve the interface characteristics, and also the breakdown characteristics. This low temperature annealing in O₂ ambient is useful without losing the merit of low temperature process in the liquid-phase deposition method, when the deposited SiO₂ films are used as the gate insulators in Si MOS FETs.

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 症例は73歳, 女性. 夕食後, 自宅で会話中に突然意識消失. 家人により胸骨圧迫施行され救急要請. 救急隊到着時, 心電図波形は心室細動 (VF) . 電気的除細動 1回で心拍再開し, 当院へ搬送. 搬送時にはGCS14 (E3V5M6) , バイタルサインは安定していた. 蘇生後心電図はsinus rhythm, aV L・V4.6で陰性Tあり. 心エコーで側壁-後下壁で壁運動低下がみられたが, 冠動脈造影検査で有意狭窄なし. 冠攣縮性狭心症 (VSA) の可能性も考慮. 第 8病日にアセチルコリン負荷試験施行. LCAへ20μg負荷で全体的に攣縮が誘発. 心電図V1.4でSTが上昇し, VSAと診断. 多枝に強い攣縮が生じたことと家族の強い要望もあり, 植込み型除細動器 (ICD) を導入した. 怠薬はないが, 退院して 2年 7カ月後の午前 9時 (内服前) にICD作動. 後日ICD記録から再びVF発症し, 35Jで除細動していたことがわかった. ICD作動により心臓死を回避できた. VSAによるVF 2次予防にICD治療を行うか議論もあるが, 適応を慎重に再検討すべき症例であったため報告する.

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 30歳代, 男性. 家で子供と遊んでいる際に突然心肺停止となった. 直ちに家族により心肺蘇生が開始された. 救急隊接触時心室細動 (VF) であった. 自動体外式除細動器 (AED) による除細動で自己心拍再開し, 当院に到着した. 冠動脈造影では有意狭窄を認めず, 入院後低体温療法を施行した. 後日施行したアセチルコリン負荷試験では3枝共に冠攣縮を認めた. 電気生理検査では心室頻拍 (VT) や心室細動は誘発されなかった. 遅延電位 (LP) は陽性, T波オルタナンス (TWA) は陰性だった. ジルチアゼム, ニフェジピン, 硝酸イソソルビドの投与を行ったが, モニターで無症候性のST上昇とその後の非持続性心室頻拍 (NSVT) や心室期外収縮 (PVC) の頻発を認めた. 内服薬の増量を行うとともに, 突然死のハイリスク症例と考え, 植え込み型除細動器 (ICD) 植え込みを施行した. 術後経過良好で退院, 社会復帰となった. 問題なく経過していたが, 退院後63日目に初めて服薬を忘れたその夜, 再度VFとなり, 搬送された. ICDが数回作動しており, ICDにST上昇が記録されていた. 再度低体温療法と内服薬の追加・調整を行い退院した. 重症冠攣縮性狭心症が原因と考えられる院外心停止に対してICD植え込みを行い退院したが, その後再度VFとなりICDによる除細動で心臓死を回避できた1例を経験したので報告する.

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 急性下壁心筋梗塞の合併症として右室心筋内出血/破裂を経験した. 症例は74歳, 男性. 特記すべき既往・内服歴なし. 入院当日, 労作時の胸痛が出現し, 近医受診. 心電図でST上昇を認め, 当院へ救急搬送後, 緊急冠動脈造影施行. 右冠動脈の狭窄 (seg 1, seg 3) を責任病変とする急性下壁心筋梗塞の診断にて, 経皮的冠動脈形成術 (percutaneous coronary intervention ; PCI) 施行. 手技は合併症なく成功し, 来院時からのクレアチンキナーゼ (cre-atinekinase) 最大値 (Max CK) は再灌流後12時間で1,193 IU/Lであった. 術後 1日目に食事開始. 経過中ヘパリン持続投与による活性化部分トロンボプラスチン時間 (activated partial thromboplastin time ; APTT) の過延長があり, 鼻出血認めたため投与量減量. 術後 3日目に中止した. 同日16時, 経過観察の心エコーで右室自由壁に腫瘤を認めた. このときは無症状であったが, 同日20時に胸痛および血圧低下 (64/48mmHg) あり. 心電図変化はなし. 心エコー検査にて右室自由壁の腫瘤増大と心嚢液貯留を認めた. 冠動脈造影再施行し, 右室枝末梢に造影剤の漏出を認めた. 右室心筋内出血からoozing型の右室自由壁破裂を考え, 心嚢ドレナージ施行するも, 血圧の上昇は一過性であった. 右室自由壁腫瘤は急速に増大し, 右室内腔を圧排. 経皮的心肺補助装置, 大動脈バルーンパンピング導入. 右室枝塞栓術を試みるも奏功せず, 血行動態は破綻し, 術後 4日目, 死亡した.

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In this paper, we examined practical education of intellectual property using a simple patent search based on the authors′ corporate experience in the department of chemical and biological engineering of the technical college. We took up the subjects of “the basic PBL exercise” and “the graduation research” as a case study. In the basic PBL exercise classes in the 4th year of this department, students could utilize the knowledge gained from intellectual property education at the partner university; they adopted an “intellectual property perspective” when giving presentations of their ideas. Furthermore, in the graduation research of the 4th and 5th years of the department, they obtained research guidelines by searching and understanding patent documents written in Japanese and giving presentations. Some of the students finally achieved good results for presentations at academic conferences. In the future, it is desirable to increase the number of faculty members who can provide intellectual property education through inter-departmental collaboration in the college and incorporate the intellectual property into the subjects on generic skills for lower grade students.

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