The term calcifying odontogenic cyst was proposed by Gorlin and his collaborators in 1962. A follow-up report is made here on the clinical course and pathohistological findings on a case of the cyst found in the left mandibular ramus of a 7-year-old boy. The cyst was enucleated from the patient under GOP anesthesia on May 31, 1976. Thin cortex bone and periosteum of the regions suspected to be in direct contact with the cyst were removed. Only cortex bone formed in a bridge-like shape, 0.8-1.0 cm wide, was left between the mandibular head and body. As to the pathohistological findings, ghost cells were found to be present scattered individually and in groups in the epithelial basal layer assumed to be the site of odontogenic origin and some of the cells were found to have been calcified. Furthermore, dental lamina-like epithelial cords were found penetrated into the surrounding connective tissues in part and proliferating. The observation eight years and three months after the operation showed no recurrence. Bone loss by operation was restored to the anatomical morphology corresponding to his normal age.

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This report presents the correlations of the Bingham viscosity and the yield stress of alumina-water slurry with volume fraction of alumina and temperature of slurry, measured with the use of a narrow channel with circular cross section.
Data of the friction coefficient for slurry in laminar and turbulent flows through a circular pipe are also presented. The results for the laminar region coincide well with Hedström's theory. In the turbulent region, the slurry friction coefficient deviates from the Newtonian fluid in the positive direction with increasing Hedström number, but with a given Hedström number the friction coefficient approaches Newtonian fluid when the Reynolds number exceeds a certain critical value. The critical points of the Reynolds number are about 4×10⁴, 6×10⁴ and 1.5×10⁵ for Hedström numbers of 5×10⁴, 1×10⁵ and 5×10⁵ respectively.

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Mucous membrane pemphigoid is a vesiculobullous disease of unknown etiology which is relatively uncommon.
This disease is diagnosed on the basis of histopathologic and immunofluorescence studies in biopsy of the oral mucosa.
A 62-year-old woman with erosion on the gingiva visited our clinic.
Oral examination revealed erosion on the gingiva. Histopathological features showed a definite subepithelial vesicle formation and t nonspecific chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the connective tissue. The entire epithelium was intact and no evidence of acantholysis was found.
The results of direct immunofluorescent staining demonstrated a linear basement membrane zone pattern with IgG and C₃.
The diagnosis of mucous membrane pemphigoid was established.
Although the oral lesion has not healed completely after 2 years of observation, the patient's symptoms were alleviated by topical steroid therapy and by brushing after scaling. The clinical and histopathological characteristics of mucosal pemphigoid were discussed.

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セメント質形成性線維腫は比較的まれな良性腫瘍である。この疾患の発生率は，歯原性腫瘍全体の約2%であると推定されている。我々は全歯牙喪失後の55歳女性の下顎に発生したセメント形成性線維腫を報告する。右の下顎の歯肉腫脹を自覚し，2014年7月に紹介受診となった。精査CTでは，右下顎骨内部に腫瘤が存在したため，切除目的に全身麻酔下で腫瘍切除をおこなった。組織病理検査では，セメント質形成性線維腫の診断であり手術1年後において，再発の徴候は認めていない。

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Lingual lymph node metastasis was confirmed clinico-pathologically in a 77-yearold male patient with tongue cancer. The two lingual lymph nodes were considered to correspond anatomically to the lateral lingual lymph nodes. It was indicated that the median of the tongue and the floor of the mouth where lingual lymph nodes are present must be palpated carefully for diagnosis and treatment of cancer of the tongue and the floor of the mouth.

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The calcifying odontogenic cyst was first described in 1962 by Gorlin as a cystic lesion from odontogenic epithelium. A case of calcifying odontogenic cyst was reported with some clinical and histopathological considerations. The cyst containing an odontoma and an ectopically impacted right upper canine occurred in the right maxilla of an 11-year-old girl. Histopathological findings showed interesting findings tumorous characteristics.

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A case of calcifying odontogenic cyst that appeared in the maxilla of a 13-year-old boy is reported. Radiographic findings showed well-demarcated radiolucent area in which specks of radiopacities were seen. Histopathological findings were characterized by the presence of ghost cells and calcifying tissues on the epithelial layer of the cyst wall. There is no evidence of recurrence one year after the surgical removal of the cyst.

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Histochemical Study of Two Cases of Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst
Case 1: X-rays of a 40-year-old woman revealed a cystic-like radiolucency in the anterior mandibule. Many epithelial cells proliferated into the underlying connective tissue. Large masses of ghost cells were observed. The ghost cells were stained yellow with van Glean stain. The calcified ghost cells reacted positively with PAS, alcian blue and resorcinfuchsin stain.
Case 2: The patient, a 11-year-old boy, complained of swelling of the left maxilla. Islands of ghost cells were observed in the bone. The ghost cells showed a partial reaction to PAS but no reaction to alcian blue and resorcinfuchsin stain.

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The calcifying odontogenic cyst first reported by Gorlin et al. in 1962 has been considered to be a comparatively rare disease.
The histo-pathological findings were characterized by appearance of ghost cell and calcareous deposits on the cyst wall epithelial layer.
Recently, we treated a large cyst which developed on the right maxillary bone of a 25-year-old male. At the first diagnosis with X-ray, it was suspected to be globulomaxillary or maxillary cyst, but the histo-pathological diagnosis indicated it was calcifying odontogenic cyst.
Now, 85 cases of this lesion have been reported in Japan and their literatures have been considered. The fact that complications with odontogenic tumor as odontoma or ameloblastoma were found in 29 cases suggests that this lesion has a relation to these odontogenic tumors. Generally, this lesion has various foci structures, such as tooth-like hard tissues formations, mono or multilocular cysts, impacted teeth, and granular X-ray lucency, therefore clinical diagnosis is very difficult. Some cases which have apparent tumorous characteristics in histopathological findings such as recurrence or malignancy have been reported in the literature. Therefore, it seems to be necessary to discuss a new classificational position.
This patient has a good prognosis after the extirpating operation, so we reported the details of this case.

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上顎右側乳中切歯の萌出遅延を主訴として来院した4歳6カ月の男児を臨床的およびX線的に診査し,集合性歯牙腫による乳歯の萌出障害と診断した.この歯牙腫を外科的に摘出した後,病理組織学的検索を加えたところ,嚢胞壁の上皮層にghost cellの出現と石灰化物の沈着が認められ,歯牙腫を伴う石灰化歯原性嚢胞と診断された.処置後,7カ月を経過しているが,埋伏乳中切歯の萌出は認められない.

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Calcifying odontogenic cyst is a relatively rare disease reported first by Gorlin et al.in 1962.
Recently, we encountered a 25-year-old woman with this disease bilaterally in the region of the lower wisdom teeth.
Orthopantomography revealed relatively well-defined, periodontal cyst-like radiolucencies of the size of a thumb ball bilaterally in the region of the lower wisdom teeth. Under local anesthesia with 2% Xylocaine, extraction of the left lower wisdom tooth and excision of the cyst were performed. The lesion on the right side was also managed by extraction of the wisdom tooth and cystectomy. The wounds on both sides were treated with gauze tamponage.
Histopathologically, the cyst walls in both locations were composed of markedly degenerated stratified squamous epithelium containing ghost cells which were partly calcified.
The postoperative course was uneventful without evidence of recurrence.

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We recently have encountered a calcifying odontogenic cyst peripheral to the impacted tooth (8) of a 23-year-old female patint with the right maxillary sinus inflammation.
Interestingly, the cyst accompanied with ameloblastomaous proliferation and adenomotoid odontogenic tumor-like proliferation, therefore, a pathologic study of this case along with a review of the literature is discussed in thsis paper.
In the study of 69 cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst in japan, many were found to have impacted tooth (53.6%), mostly at the site of the canine (79.7%), and many had the complication of odontogenic tumor (43.9%).

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We report a case of calcifying odontogenic cyst associated with odontoma developing in the maxilla, and add a brief discussion.
A 7-year-old boy was referred to our hospital on October 20, 2000, complaining of swelling of the right cheek. Oral examination revealed swelling and oppressive pain in the buccal gingiva of the right maxilla.
X-P findings showed a radiolucent lesion involving the right maxillary sinus. Computed tomography findings revealed a high-density area in the low-density lesion. The tooth germs of right lateral incisor, canine, first and second premolar teeth, and the second molar tooth were positionally deviated remarkably by the lesion. A tentative diagnosis of maxillary cyst was made, and biopsy and fenestration were performed. Pathological diagnosis of calcifying odontogenic cyst was made.
Enucleation of the tumor was conducted on March 27, 2001. In order to raise the likelihood of a cure, radical shaving of the surrounding bone was done. After the abrasion of thelesion, the tooth germs were judged to have been preserved. Post operative course was uneventful. One year and 9 months postoperatively, the tooth germs are in the tendency to recover the position as compared with the corresponding tooth germs on the other side of the maxilla.

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