寮歌など旧制高等学校で作られうたい継がれた歌は、『歌集』という形で編纂され保存されている。『歌集』には寮歌の他、校歌、部歌、

、愛唱歌など様々な種類の歌が掲載されているが、旧制第二高等学校の『歌集』は部歌との数が多く、またその大半が端艇部の歌という特徴がある。旧制第二高等学校では競技としての体育活動が重視され、特に端艇は対校試合だけではなく、校内で部対抗、クラス対抗のレースが毎年開催された。競技は勝敗よりも生徒同士の融和団結を目的とし、応援のために多くの歌が作られ、教育の要となっていた。しかし勝敗が重視されるようになると応援合戦は過熱し、批判の的となった。

本報告では旧制第二高等学校の『歌集』から端艇部の部歌・

に着目し、対抗試合や部活動が応援という音楽文化活動の原動力となった過程を明らかにした。部歌・の歌詞と音楽を分析し、うたわれた試合や応援の様子に関する記述を考察し、特徴や意義を検討した。また、これらの歌が現在、変容されながらうたわれている例をあげ、今日の音楽活動へと再生される文化資源としての可能性を示した。

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 This study aims to clarify the development of a student community during the late Taisho and early Showa periods. It examines the establishment of “Yokakai,” a student organization at Keio University, and the creation of the college song “Wakakichi,” to analyze the aspirations and actions of the students involved.

 The three main conclusions are as follows:

(1) To develop a community, the students aimed to establish “Yokakai” as the executing body and “Wakakichi” as the means of realization.

(2) The formation of “Yokakai” encountered challenges, particularly the clash between the concepts of the cross-grade “Sanshikai” and the cross-faculty “Yokakai.”

(3) Community formation took place in cooperation with faculty members.

 During the late Taisho and early Showa periods, higher education in Japan expanded significantly. The number of students at Keio University tripled, leading to concerns about the weakening of interpersonal relationships. However, the students voluntarily sought to develop a community and navigate through this crisis.

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In this article, I would like to encourage and give tips to young women who are planning to have careers in the technical or engineering fields. High school girls in Japan may constantly hear rather biased view that women are not good at logical or scientific thinking. Break off from this traditional view. In universities, female students should overcome the difficulties and become more confident in what they do. When venturing into the field where women are still minorities in Japan, such as the engineering or the science, they need to maintain strong wills and assertive attitudes. The career advancement of women also contributes to improve Japanese men′s working environment. Diversity at work can profit both men and women, and increase the competency of Japanese society in the world.

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In this experiment, we would like to give evidence to our hypothesis that the strong delta band waves will be observed when participants are deeply moved or strongly impressed by some external stimuli. The electroencephalogram (EEG) data of forty- one students (21 females and 20 males) were recorded into the Emotion Spectrum Analyzer, while they listened to five different kinds of sound stimuli. We examined our hypothesis with respect to the strength of four band waves: delta band (1/4-5Hz), theta band (5-8Hz), alpha band (8-13Hz) and beta band (13-20Hz) waves. We compared the result of our EEG data analysis with the result of the written questionnaires, which were conducted after each measurement of EEQ and later evaluated by the semantic differential method. We found out that the latter result supported the former as expected.

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本記事に「抄録」はありません。

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本稿は, 今年第4号に掲載された「21世紀の日本酒の復権へ向けて」の続編である。依然として, 日本酒の消費数量が減少していることを危惧する筆者から, 今回は, 主に中小メーカーの課題と日本酒業界のマーケティングに対する考え方について提言して来られた。國酒である日本酒の復権を切望する筆者からのである。

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With a hypothesis that vocalization or the vocal exercise can be useful as the physical exercises particularly for the senior citizens, we examined it's effects upon such human functions, especially as gas metabolism, photoelectric plethysmograph lead from forehead, ears and finger, and cardiac functions. Healthy male adults we e employed as the subjects and following five kinds of vocal exercises were given to each subject: Ex.l A Japanese popular song, "SHIAWASE NARA TEO TATAKO-Let's show happiness by clapping cur hands". Ex.2 A Japanese folk song, "KURODABUSHI-Real Samurai of Kuroda". Ex.3 A Japanese lied, "KONO MICHI-This path in memory". Ex.4 A cheer song, "TORITSU DAI (Tokyo metropolitan university) OENKA". Ex.5 A cheering calls, "HURRAY HURRAY TORITSU". The results were as follows ; 1) The average R.M.R. of each exercise; Ex.1 ...... 0.8 Ex.2...... 1.3 Ex.3...... 1.4 Ex.4...... 1.5 Ex.5...... 2.2 2) Ex.2, 4 and 5 showed considarable changes in the wave of plethysmograph during and after the exercise, especially at the finger. The height of wave was decreased during the exercise, and was rapidly increased during resting period. It's effects remained until about 2 to 5 minutes after the exercise. 3) Ex.2, 4 and 5 showed a remarkable decrease of the amplitude of T-wave during the exercises. The amount of change was not always related to the metabolic values such as O_2 consumption and R.M.R. The effects of intended vocal exercises upon the human energy metabolism and the cardiac function were found to be appropriate for the middle-aged persons in order to supplement their inactivity regularly as one of the prescribed physical exercises.

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  The purpose of this study was to clarify the psychological state of Hiroshima Toyo Carp （hereinafter called “Carp”） fans during the COVID-19 pandemic and to suggest management strategies that Carp should take when standard management becomes difficult due to the influence of the virus. I used social networking services （SNS） to get answers. As a result, I clarified the following three points. First, Carp fans likely have more female fans. Second, they had a negative impact on their personal lives due to the delay in the opening of the professional baseball season and the decrease in the number of games. Third, they want a traditional watching environment.

  In addition, I was able to suggest the following three points about the management strategy that Carp will implement when normal team management becomes impossible due to the influence of viruses etc. First, they should broadcast more impressive games and plays. Second, they should give fans more opportunities to listen to Carp-related cheering songs. Third, they should sell products on EC sites that fans can use even when it is difficult to go out, or list product candidates in advance.

  If professional sports teams can understand the mental states of fans and their changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, they will be able to efficiently support sports when fans cannot directly watch sports due to the effects of various virus pandemics in the future, they can think of management strategies efficiently. For this reason, accumulation of the same kind of study as this study is necessary, and I think that this study has value.

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