The Oguni basin, 170m-300m high, in the northeast of Yamagata Prefecture, is surrounded on all Sides by the mountains higher than 1000m. But the agricultural management in this area is not of the mountainous village type, but of the rice cultivating lowland one. This is because there is a wide stretch of level land possible to be in use as paddy-fields, and also because there is ample irrigation water. In addition, the declining slope is forced to be used not as dry fields but as grass land or pasture land. For it is a state-owned one, where a change in the category of land is difficult and accordingly they are obliged to depend solely on rice cultivation. Moreover, unfavourable natural conditions, that is, the drifted snow of a long period, the irrigation water of low temperature, and short growing season cause productive power to be poor and therefore about half of them are side-workness. Frequent famines are mentioned in history, causing smaller landowaership, and even after the Farmland Reform, there remain the communities showing high rates of tenancy. In such communities, the inhabitants are disinterested in the positive role of the agricultural works and turn wageearners or emigrants, the trade of daughters being also observed. In other words, a backward state still retains stubbornly from this point of view.

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The efficiency of photoradiation therapy with N₂ dye laser on gastrointestinal cancer was evaluated and compared to Ar dye laser. After adoministrating HpD to 5 dogs, N₂ dye laser and Ar dye laser were irradiated for 15 and 30 minutes at their liver surface. Liver damage caused by N₂ dye laser at 45mW was almost equal to that caused by Ar dye laser at 180mW. According to the duration times, liver damage became deeper and larger with both lasers at these settings. However, when Ar dye laser was irradiated at 50mW for over15 minutes, the damage did not increase. Treatment of early cancers (6 gastric and one esophageal) with N₂ dye laser photradiation therapy was attempted. All except one disappeared completely and the N₂ dye laser succesfully treated three of these which were not succesfully treated with a Nd-YAG laser. Irradiation with N₂ dye laser at 45mW had the same effect as that of Ar dye laser at 180mW experimentally and clinically.

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