This study focused on the cultural landscape of a traditional craft, Oodate Magewappa. The craft has been produced by hand in particular areas and so can be considered to have formed its own cultural landscape. Elements constituting the cultural landscape were classified into two types: ‘the activity landscape’ which refers to dynamic scenes of people actively working, and ‘the place landscape’ meaning the place itself where activities are happening. The study aimed to identify activities and places of the entire making process of the craft, and to survey historical changes of them. Analyses revealed that the cultural landscape of Oodate Magewappa consisted of 22 scenes of the activity landscape and 18 places of the place landscape. Activities such as raising and logging Akita cedars and manufacturing crafts remain while most of the rest have changed. Some activities have been made visible to the public in recent years with an increasing recognition of the traditional craft’s roles in tourism industry and education, and it stimulates further recognition of the cultural landscape. Also, places where activities used to happen remain, having possibilities to raise recognition of the dynamic scenes that existed before. These results suggest it is important for the preservation of cultural landscape to reconstruct the connection between the activity landscape and the place landscape.

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In this paper, the results of the stratigraphical and geo-stractural surveies, geo-chemical observations, and geophysical prospects by gravity, magnetic, seismic and electric methods in the northern part of Akita Prefecture known as the so-called Hokuroku Kurokô Area are described.
As the results of the above-mentioned observations, the lateral and vertical changes in lithofacies of the sedimentary and igneous rocks, their relations, and the stratigraphic positions of the Kurokô are deposits were established and particularly that the geo-structure and the igneous activity of the Tertiary strata, and the forming-place of the Kurokô are were intimately related with the pre-Tertiary basement structures was recognized.

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現在，大館市が管理している国見山西向き斜面の国指定天然記念物「長走風穴高山植物群落」周辺には，かつて利 用されてきた風穴冷蔵庫やその跡が残されており，高山植物群落とともに，一般に公開されている． 　これらは，かつて佐々木耕治氏らが建築・経営したものであるが，このほか，口承によると，国見山の北向き及び 南向き斜面にもたくさんの風穴冷蔵庫が建築され，利用されてきたようである．ところが，これら佐々木氏ら以外の 風穴冷蔵庫の跡は消失しつつあり，人々の記憶から失われつつある．よって，本稿では，これら風穴冷蔵庫跡を長走 在住の古老に案内していただき，後世に残すべく記録にまとめた．なお，これら冷蔵庫跡では，指定地周辺の冷蔵庫 やその跡と同等の冷気の吹出温度を観測した．

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Many westerners described the beauty of Japanese landscape in their travelogues. Until the closing of the country in 1635, westerners had traveled widely but they mostly reported the possibilities of setting up missionary activities and trades. After the closing of the country, the Japanese government restricted the travel of outsiders to the main route from Edo to Nagasaki. On the reopening of the country in 1854, some diplomats, stayed in Hakodate and Yokohama, traveled around the neighboring areas and appreciated the beauty of the Japanese landscape from the viewpoint of topography and flora. The new Meiji government also invited many western technocrats and globetrotters who traveled to remote regions. Many found the landscape of the vegetation very beautiful and exotic. A series from Scotland showed the typical progress of this trtnd. Their descriptions provide fascinating insights into the Japanese landscape as it was before the 20th century. This paper reviews a selection of these descriptions.

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