By using Linear Programming (LP) technique, the production costs of hydrogen and power were minimized in the combination of these production processes, in which the steam reforming of natural gas and off-gas, and the gasification of raw coal and residue produced from the coal liquefaction plant were selected as the hydrogen production process.
The capital cost and production cost were reduced by introducing the steam reforming of natural gas and off-gas along with the gasification of raw coal and residue. The production of hydrogen by the steam reforming of natural gas reduced the production cost, in which the residue is used for the power generation. On the other hand, the low consumption and the low capital cost were expected in the case of Combined Cycle Generator (CCG), but the production costs of steam-power and hydrogen depended on the price of natural gas.
In this study, the effects of coal type and liquefaction condition on the production cost and capital cost were discussed at which the boiler turbine generator (BTG) was selected for power generation. The optimal system is closely related to the yield of residue, the hydrogen consumption and the hydrogen production process. The production cost of hydrogen was reduced by increasing oil yield and by decreas-ing the residue. The selection of coal type and reaction condition, which gives more oil and less residue, is essential for the optimal design of hydrogen and power units in coal liquefaction plant.

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The price of product oil is influenced by the costs of hydrogen and utility (power) supplied to the coal liquefaction plant, in which there are many choices for processes, raw materials and fuels. In this study, it is presumed that the coal liquefaction plant is located in the coal production area and the natural gas is not available. Furthermore, as the hydrogen production process, the steam reforming of the off-gas produced from the coal liquefaction plant and the gasification of raw coal and residue were selected. The boiler turbine generator (BTG) and integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) were selected for power generation.
By using Linear Programming (LP) techniques, the production costs of hydrogen and power were minimized in the combination of these production processes for the coal liquefaction plant. As a result of this LP study, the capital cost and production cost were reduced by introducing the steam reforming of off-gas along with the gasification of raw coal and residue, and were minimized at BTG in comparison with IGCC. It is expected that technical improvement of IGCC in future would lead to cost reduction of coal liquefaction.

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In the previous study, it was presumed that the coal liquefaction plant was located in the coal production area and the natural gas was not available. Furthermore, the steam reforming of the off-gas produced from the plant, and the gasification of raw coal and residue were selected as the hydrogen production process. The capital cost and production cost were reduced by introducing the steam reforming of off-gas along with the gasification of raw coal and residue, and were minimized at the boiler turbine generator (BTG) in comparison with the integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC).
In this study, natural gas is available and the combined cycle generator (CCG) in the power plant is added for power generation. By using Linear Programming (LP) technique, the production costs of hydrogen and power were minimized in the combination of these production processes for the coal liquefaction plant.
As a result of this LP study, the capital cost and production cost were reduced by introducing the steam reforming of natural gas and off-gas along with the gasification of raw coal and residue. They were minimized at BTG in comparison with IGCC. The production of hydrogen by the steam reforming of natural gas reduced the production cost, in which the residue is used for the power generation. On the other hand, the low consumption and the low capital cost were expected in the case of CCG, but the production costs of steam-power and hydrogen depended on the price of natural gas.

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油中質油留分を7種類の石油系軽油留分あるいはn-ウンデカンと混合したときに生成するスラッジの量と液化油混合比の関係について検討した結果, 石油系軽油留分の種類が異なるとスラッジ生成率は異なるが, 最大のスラッジ生成率を示す液化油の混合比はいずれの軽油留分あるいはn-ウンデカンでも30vol%と一定であった。石油系軽油留分中の飽和分含有量 (FIA 分析による) とスラッジ生成率の間には良好な相関関係が認められ, 飽和分含有量の増加に伴ってスラッジ生成率が増加することが明らかになった。

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