In ancient China where people made much of the Five Elements Theory, there were meanings for musical pitches and it was thought that the correct musical pitches possessed "the power of the proper guidance". In this article, I call such a property "the signicity of the musical pitches". On the other hand, Essays in Idleness : section 220 was written about the musical pitch of bell of Shitenno-ji Temple, but there was not the person who translated it into living language from the viewpoint of the Five Elements Theory. However, Prince Shotoku who founded Shitenno-ji Temple established the official rank system called kani-jyunikai (冠位十二階) based on the Five Elements Theory. In addition, kangen-ongi (管絃音義) that showed the meaning of the pentatonic scale based on the Five Elements Theory was written in Shitenno-ji Temple in 1185, and it was copied afterwards there. In other words we should think that the court musicians of Shitenno-ji Temple learned kangen-ongi after 1185. And it shows that they regarded that the musical pitches have the meanings based on the Five Elements Theory as important. According to these, I interpreted Essays in Idleness: section 220 from the viewpoint of the Five Elements Theory in this article. For example, the reason that people called the pitch of kousho (黄鐘) "mutable pitch" is that it means the four seasons. In addition, humor the people who knew the Five Elements Theory understand is included in words called "the middle of kousho" so that kousho means the center.

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Authors have performed field survey on origin of a statue of "Lions and Buddhism Wheel(法輪)" as the Indian National Emblem in Republic of India. There are many small projections between spokes on inner side of a rim of a Buddhism Wheel. Origin of projections has not been known yet for long times. In Archaeological Museum of Sanchi near Great Sanchi Stupas at third century B. C., the original form of Buddhism Wheel statue was surveyed. A spoke is tenon-jointed in a rim with a wedge. It is found that the wedges of tenon joints are the prototype of small projections of Buddhism Wheel.

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The residents who receive the sound of an urban environment also create the sound environment in which they live everyday of their lives. It is important to recognize how the residents feel about their immediate sound environment because then we can begin to understand what type of future environment the residents will prefer.
This report shows one investigation of how junior high school students and their families react to the daily sound of temple bells in Nerima City. This investigation is an attempt to understand how individuals apply meaning to the sound environment (i.e. “Soundscape”).
The images created, or conjured, by the sound of a ringing bell are formed by the listener's previous experiences as well as the cultural influence of the society in which he/she lives or has lived. These mental images created from bell sounds, however, are evaluated in reference to the previous experiences and cultural influences mentioned earlier.
In order to create a rich interpretation of one's environment, rich images are essential.

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覚一本系の『平家物語』巻第一「禿髪」に平清盛の専横政治の象徴として書かれていた「三百人」の「禿髪」の童子のことが、広本系の延慶本『平家物語』第一本「清盛繁昌之事」や古活字本『源平盛衰記』巻一では王莽の「童謡」の故事と重ねて語られている。この「禿髪」をめぐる物語の改変は、当時の注釈学の方法に倣って清盛の野心を解明して見せ、かつ「談義」と呼ばれる講義様式をそのままに語りの構成に取り込んだと見られる。そして清盛に皇位を簒奪する企望があったことを表して、新清盛像を提出している。

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本研究では北摂にある小学校と中学校の校歌（282校）を収集し、北摂地域を象徴する単語を抽出し、その表現的特徴、各学校の位置・分布等の特徴を調査・分析することで、北摂の地域イメージの考察を試みた。収集・抽出の結果、校歌に最も多く登場する「山」に着目して北摂の地域イメージを考察した。結果、北摂の山々に加え北摂以外の六甲山や生駒山などが歌詞から抽出できた。また、大阪のイメージを謳う歌詞もあり、北摂よりも広い範囲に対して地元であるという意識を持っている場合があると考察した。山に関する単語の修飾語句を整理すると、認識タイプでは「風」が比較的山頂からの距離が近い学校で見られる傾向にあることがわかった。

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This peper is one within a series of works in which we intend to clarify the process of the establishment of Japanese architectural reference books in the Edo-period. We can trace the lineage of "Nihon-Banjyo-ki" type of architectural reference books by examing the differences in composition and expression of each book. As a result of the study, we found that their trace begins at latest, in the fifteenth century and reaches the seventeenth century.

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