A series of 50 patients with acute or chronic urinary tract infections were treated with Rifampicin to make clinical evaluation of efficacy of the recently introduced antimicrobial agent and a parallel laboratory study was performed to assess the drug for antibacterial activity against various bacterial pathogens therein involved. In 4 of the 50 cases seminal fluid specimens were obtained and assayed for antimicrobial activity, of which the results indicate extremely low concentrations of the compound in the seminal fluid to have been yielded following oral administration.
The diagnoses in the 50 cases of the clinical study herein described included: acute cystitis (27 cases), acute pyelonephritis (15 cases), chronic cystitis (4 cases), chronic pyelonephritis (3 cases) and prostatitis (1case).
The dose ranged from 600 to 900mg a day, given in 3 or 4 divided doses; and the duration from 4 to30 days, the total dose the reby ranging up to 27gm.
Escherichia coli infection accounted for 80 per cent (40 cases) of all the 50 cases studied. The isolates displayed overwhelmingly the MIC values within the range of 25 to 125mcg/ml, the antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolates to Rifampicin being less marked than to AB-PC, SM, TC, CP and KM by one to two steps of the twofold serial dilution.
The treatment was reasonably effective in acute cases of urinary tract infections; the clinical response was good in 26 of the 38 cases of acute infections, fair in 9 cases and poor in only the remaining 3 cases; hence an effectiveness rate of 68.4 per cent. The patients with chronic infections, however, all failed to respond favorably to the Rifampicin therapy.
No significant differences in clinical response were observed between the group of patients receiving 600mg of Rifampicin daily and that of patients given 900mg a day. There were no complications of particular note, with the only exception of coloration (red) of the urine.

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Kaolin-agglutination test by Takahashi evaluated as a serodiagnostic test specific for tuberculosis was reexamined on the problems of preparation of the test solution, preservation of serum and conditions of measurement. Further, pattern of agglutination in the positive reaction of the test and γ-globulin content of serum related to antibody titer were studied in comparison of tuberculous disease with the nontuberculous one.
The physiological saline solution used in preparation of THE saline solution, which should be made from chemically pure sodium chloride and non-ionic water, could be substituted with the physiological saline solution for injection prepared in the pharmaceutical company without making an error in the reaction. The serum was preserved in frozen state in which was antibody titer of the serum kept more stable than in hypothermic state at 4°C and kept constant for about ten days.
For centrifugal sedimentation of the sample after the end of the reaction, 1, 800 to 2, 000 r. p. m. (for 5 minutes) in revolution of centrifuge were reconfirmed to be necessary and enough as a condition of sedimentation.
It was noticed in the measurement of antibody titer that the sample should be so slightly shaken before the measurement as a sediment on the bottom of test tube is not broken to fine particles and that the same procedure, if the sediment were too much dispersed, should be taken after the second centrifugal sedimentation of the sample so as not to produce an error into titer measured.
In representation of positivity of the reaction, not only antibody titer but pattern of the positive reaction i. e. grade of agglutination in each dilution of the sample should be adopted, because the titer of serum was comparably high in some patients with non-tuberculous diseases as in the tuberculous one though the patterns of the reaction were considerably different in each other, γ-globulin contents of both of serum of tuberculous and non-tuberculous patients were measured, showing a parallel relationship with the antibody titer in the former but not in the latter.

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To simplify subacromial bumsography, we injected a contrast medium ( a mixture of 5 ml of 60% Urographin,4 ml of 1 % Lidocaine and 4 mg of Decadron ) into the subacromial bursa without using X-ray television control, then several X-rays of the shotilder were taken within ten minutes.
56 shoulders of 51 patients were examined over a pariod starting on October 1, 1989, to September 1, 1990 at our outpatient consulting clinic.
The results were as follows:
1. In all cases, intrabursal injec tions of the medium had pain alleviating effects.
2. In 55 shoulders, simplified subacromial bursographies showed clear bur sograms, although one shoulder failed.
3. In 27 shou lders of 24 patients, rotator cuff tears were recognized. In 3 shoulders, although a cuff tear was not proved bursographically, additional arthorography showed a cuff tear. In o ne shoulder, a cuff tear was not recognized by arthorography though it had been prevdously, b ut simplified subacromial bursography revealed this cuff tear.

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cetraxate hydrochlorideについて，家兎を用いて体内動態を調べ，薬物速度論的考察および代謝物の抗潰瘍作用について検討した．本報において確立したHPLC法によりcetraxateおよびP-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid(PHPA)を測定した結果，cetraxateは，消化管内および血液中において，容易にPHPAに代謝され，さらに新代謝物P-hydroxybenzoic acid(PHBA)の出現することも確認された．cetraxateを家兎に経口投与した時の臓器内分布を調べた結果，胃壁のみに未変化体cetraxateは分布した．また脳を除く検索した全ての臓器に代謝物PHPAの分布が認められた．cetraxate hydrochlorideの抗潰瘍作用が，cetraxate，PHPAあるいは，体内で必然的に生じるtranexamic acidによるものであるかを，ラットを用いた幽門結紮アスピリン潰瘍および水浸拘束ストレス潰瘍において検討した結果，tranexamic acidもcetraxate hydrochlorideと同等の抗潰瘍作用が認められた．cetraxateの体内動態の結果と抗潰瘍作用の結果を併せて考えると，cetraxateの抗潰瘍作用の一部には，代謝物であるtranexamic acidが関与しているのではないかと考えられた．

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Piromidic acid, a new synthetic antibacterial agent, was applied to 26 in-and out-patients suffering from simple or complicated genito-urinary infections. The drug was orally administered at doses of 1, 500-2, 250 mg/person/day for 7 days. Effectiveness was confirmed in 9 of 13 cases of the simple infections and in 6 of 13 cases of the complicated ones. Escherichia coli, a main causative bacterium, responded well to the drug. Gastric disturbance was observed in 2 cases, in one of which administration was discontinued.

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1982年2月から同年10月までの8ヵ月間に, 川崎市立川崎病院耳鼻咽喉科において, 耳鼻咽喉科領域感染症である急性中耳炎5例, 慢性中耳炎17例, 急性外耳炎1例, 急性副鼻腔炎1例, 慢性副鼻腔炎3例, 鼻節1例, 急性咽喉頭炎4例, 慢性咽喉頭炎1例, 急性扁桃炎5例の計38例にDL-8280を投与し, その臨床的効果を検討し, 以下の結果を得た。
1. DL-8280投与量は, 1日量600mgないし300mgとし, 1日3回に分けて経口投与し, 投与日数は1日から7日 (平均6, 2日) で, 総投与量は400mgから4, 200mg (平均3, 623mg) であった。
2. 臨床効果の判定は, 著効, 有効, やや有効, 無効の4段階とし, 著効と有効の症例をもって有効率を示した。DL-8280投与38例のうち, 著効11例, 有効16例, やや有効6例, 無効3例, 不明2例で, 有効率は75, 0%であった。
3. 病巣からの分離菌は, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus Pneumoniae, α-Streptococcus, Micrococcussp., Corynebacterium sp., Proteus mirabilis, Proteus inconstans B, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonascepacia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Neisseria pharyngis, Neisseria flavescens, Neisseria subflava, yeast-like organismであった。Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus sp., Proteus inconstans B, Klebsiella oxytoca, Neisseria subflavaについては, DL-8280はMICが0.39μg/ml以下で, これらの菌が分離された症例にはすぐれた臨床効果を示した。
4. 各種臨床検査値は, DL-8280投与が直接原因と思われる病的変動を示さなかった。
5. 副作用は, 全身倦怠感, 頭重, 睡眠障害1例, 嘔気1例と下痢1例であった。
6. 以上の結果を総合すると, DL-8280は耳鼻咽喉科領域感染症に有用なビリドンカルボン酸系薬剤の一つと考えられる。

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オキサジン系の合成抗菌剤DL-8280の抗菌作用ならびに吸収・排泄について追求したので, その概要を報告する。1. 近年臨床分離したグラム陽性または陰性の好・嫌気性菌453株のMICを10⁶cfu/ml接種下で, agar-dilution法により測定した。本剤は, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. mirabilisの大部分を≦0.2μg/mlで抑制し, indole陽性Proteus sp., S. marcescens, P. aeruginosaにも強い感受性を示した。これら感受性分布は, NA, PPAに比べはるかに強く, NFLXに近似したが, S. aureusに対してはNFLXよりやや鋭く, P. aeruginosaにはやや鈍かった。
2. 患者に対し本剤200～300mg単回投与して, disc法でその吸収・排泄を測定した。空腹時2時間後に明らかなpeak levelを血中に認め, 比較的長く血中濃度を維持した。尿中排泄 (24時間) は, 約80%であった。

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