With the aim of approaching the dynamics in secretory duct cell of the submandibular gland induced by the neural agencies, the following experiments were undertaken with the materials of adult male rats of Wistar strain. The secretory duct cells of the normal control rats were charcterized by the package of abundant coarse secretory granules presented at the apical areas of cytoplasm, followed by the vacuolization to be discharged into the lumen under the ecrine secretion mechanism. The filamentous mitochondria arranged perpendicularly at the infranucleal regions, in particular, constituted a basal striation at the cell basement. The development and frequency of these granules differs with the age of the animals and concurrently the condition of food intake; they were poor in prepuberty and increased when hunger. In our investigation the coarse granules were regarded as the general indicator of the secretory actvity.
Twenty minutes after a single admistration of 1% hydrochloride pilocarpin solution 0.05cc/kg, the granules were subject to decrease in number, and in 20 minutes completely deprived by the inactivation of granulation itself. Thus an injection of pilocarpin surely made the inhibition of granulation within the cell-body in spite of the enhancement of releasing of granules. The frequent occurrence of large vacuoles or their accumulation was recognized at the basal part of the cells, although it was a mere temporary phenomena limited in a period as long as 20 minutes after the pilocarpin injection. It is of interest that they are similar in shape and distribution fo YOSHIMURA's picture (1957) concerning the basal vacuolization following growth hormone administration, who assumed it as a pattern of internal secretion with the obscure knowledge on the nature of its endocrine substances. Also it was apparent in present observation that the secretory duct cells are provided with the double polarities showing both the apical and basal secretion. In 40 minutes the granulation commenced to take places considerably, and finally recovered to the normal level in 60 minutes.
The further administration of 1000 times diluted solution of atropin 0.03cc/kg, at the moment that the withdrawal of granules was caused by pilocarpin administration applied the rapid restoration in granulation in a few minutes instead of performance of release, since the cells were loaded with the numerous coarse granules storaged in the cytoplasm.
Twenty minutes after the injection of 10% acetylcholin solution 0.06cc/kg, any mean alterations were not sequent in the cells, whereas in 30 minutes the granules were much or less decreased in number.
When 1% hydrochloride histamine solution 0.1cc/kg was injected three times at the interval of ten minutes, the changes were hard to ensue in the cells both in 20 and 30 minutes.
When 1000 times adrenalin solution 0.08cc/kg was further injected 60 minutes after the pilocarpin administration, the changes were elicited in the cells in 20 minutes, but it was a tendency in 30 minutes that the granules were reduced in number.
Above observations afford us to gain a cencept that the stimulation of parasympathic nerve may be involved in the supression of granulation and the expedition of discharge, While the accerlation of sympathic nerve may act as an inhibitory agent to granulation, despite the morphological responses are variable with the cellular sensibility. In contrast with the profound changes under the hormonal regulation, which were shown as the deformations in fundamental internal structure of the cells, i. e. the degeneration or persistent hyperactivity (YOSHIMURA 1956, OZAWA 1958, 1959), the neural agencies could merely cause the signs showing a temporary supression or accerlation of secretion.
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