生後2カ月から2年の乳幼児を定期的に屋外で日光浴を行う群と, 日光浴をせず屋内で毎日一定時閥健康線用けい光灯の照射のみを行う群とに分け夏季を含む6カ月間観察し, この両者を比較検討したところ, 身長や休重の増加, 手根骨発育, クル病の治癒および予防等の点に有意差が認められなかった. すなわち乳幼児に対する健康線用けい光灯照射は適度の日光浴と同効果が得られるものと考えられる. 健康線用けい光灯の効果については, 従来動物実験の結果は発表されているが, 直接人体に対する効果の研究はこれが初めてである.

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OKAYASU, T., SHIGIHARA, K., KOBAYASHI, N., ISHIKAWA, A., FUKUSHIMA, N., TAKASE, A., HATTORI, S., NAKAJIMA, T., SHISHIDO, T. and AGATSUMA, Y. A Family Case of Nephroqenic Diabetes Insipidus. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1990, 162 (2), 137-145 - Two brothers, patient 1 with fever and vomiting, and patient 2 with failure to gain weight were studied. After 4hr of water deprivation test. the urinary osmolality of the patient 1 was only 105 mOsm/liter and his body weight showed a 4.6% reduction. In response to desamino-8-D arginine vasopressin intranasal administration, no significant elevation of urinary osmolality of patient 1 occurred. After low dose vasopressin tests, the maximal urinary osmolality of their father was in the normal range, but that of their mother was below the normal range. Moreover, the patients showed no significant increase of urinary osmolality after the same tests. The brothers were diagnosed as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and their mother was diagnosed as a carrier. An early diagnosis of NDI is important, since adequate managements such as low-solute diet with restricted protein and salt intake or such as water intake at frequent intervals can prevent the hyperosmolality which would develop the delayed mental and physical developments. The usefulness of the combination of indomethacin with thiazide diuretics is described.

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生下時より全身が光沢のある緊張の強い膜様物に覆われ，典型的なcollodion とおもわれる生後3日の男児について報告した。本症例は生後2日目ころより下腹部・大腿よりしだいに大葉性の落屑をきたし，生後20日ころには膜はほぼ完全に剥脱し健常皮膚に復した。このような経過をとるものは比較的まれなものであり，新生児生理的落屑の重症なものと考えられる。電顕的観察もあわせて報告した。

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Abandoned babies and

dumping cases are one of the most crucial problem in Malaysian communities. Despite the existence of the 24-hour helpline and the -hatch, the dumping cases remained increasing yearly. One of the reasons is the unwillingness of the ’s parents for their identities might be discovered if they used the helpline or the -hatch. Therefore, in this paper, a team consisted of Japanese and Malaysian students in Model Based Creative Design project suggested a solution for this problem by initiating the idea to create an autonomous carrier for saving abandoned babies. This autonomous carrier will move autonomously once the was placed safely at one drop point to the closest hospital/orphanage. The idea was then validated by identifying needs and awareness thru survey, searching for similar idea/invention in research paper, journal and patent, designing the concept and prototyping the design of the autonomous carrier. The prototype of the autonomous carrier was named “Keep the Safe. It is hoped that this idea will be utilized and the parents that wished their identity to be remained unknown will be benefitted and will reduce the number of -dumping cases in Malaysia.

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In the rural district of Hokkaido, which holds 70% of the whole area of Hokkaido, those villages where the death-rate of sucklings is of the order of 40's (per 1, 000 births) come up to more than one third of all the villages, whereas in the cities it ranges between 20 and 39 A variety of factors may be accountable. With a view to contributing something to the clarification of the causation, I should like to introduce the existing conditions of a typical rural village located in the east of Hokkaido.
1. In comparison with cities, there are more premature babies born in the village, and furthermore about one half of the babies there are below the standard in weight and height.
2. Beginning and completion of the process of ablactation are delayed;diet is of ten low in protein and fat. There are many cases of rachitis ascribed to malnutrition; and a considerable number of babies suffer from anemia or eczema
3. Luxatio coxae congenita is found in 17% of the babies and it is often accompanied with rachitis;and there are many artificially fed babies.
4. On the other hand, the sleeping hours of nursing mothers are insufficient. There Were many hypertensive cases among them, and 37% of them showed decrease in serum protein.
5. Toxicosis is observed in 62% of pregnant women.
6. Cases of artificial abortion are numbered lately 1.3-1.5 times as many as the number of births.
7.38% of families are still using “izuko (a small cradle made of straw traditionally used in the northern parts of Japan, which is found to be detrimental to the 's growth)”.
The factors enumerated above would all in all be accountable for the aggravating conditions of sucklings: the poor health conditions of pregnant mothers play such injurious effects on their potential babies that they give birth to premature babies, and the dissatisfactory environment following the birth contributes to the appearance of undernourished sucklings-a vicious cycle which terminates in deaths. In order to rectify the present situation the following plans would be effective. First of all, births should be controlled so as to take place at intervals of 3 or 4 years, preferrably from spring to summer; women in pregnancy and in nursing period should take diet especially rich in protein and vitamins; sucklings should be placed under careful health control including timely ablactation and prevention against rachitis; besides, the authorities concerned and the health centers are required to collaborate more positively in the health campaign.If all such efforts are made, mothers and sucklings in rural areas may no doubt attain the health standards held in the cities.

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父親が患児をあやそうと思って揺さぶったことが原因で偶発した, 4カ月女児のshaken syndrome症例を経験した.本例の頭蓋内病変は軽度であったが, 両側網膜出血による視力障害の遺残が予想された.本症候群は転帰や機能予後が不良であるために, 米国ではshaken syndromeを社会問題と捉えて, 大衆向けの予防キャンペーンが行われているが, 本邦では症例報告自体が少ない.乳児の急性硬膜下血腫, 外傷性クモ膜下出血を診たら本症候群を想起して, 眼底検査や病歴の詳細な検討が必要であると思われる.

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J'ai observe le -talk de la mere dans le cadre des interactions verbales et non verbales pour elucider le processus d'acquisition de la langue du bebe. En ce qui concerne le moyen d'analyse, j'ai enregistre leurs echanges et note les elements essentiels. Ce qui est interessant dans mes corpus, c'est la presence de messages s'appuyant sur la dimension pragmatique (onomatopees, interjections, marques enonciatives de la troisieme personne,..). La fonction poetique definie par JAKOBSON (pp.213〜222) occupe une place importante dans le -talk.

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Sweet potatoes sometimes sprout the purple color of stems with several small leaves in the house pantry. In the present study, we investigated the trophic hierarchy between a mother sweet potato and its sprouts grown without any light in a dark house pantry, based on stable nitrogen isotopic composition (δ¹⁵N,‰ vs. AIR) of glutamic acid and phenylalanine. The isotope data reveal that glutamic acid has a significant ¹⁵N-enrichment (by 6.9‰) from the mother sweet potato to its sprout while phenylalanine has a little ¹⁵N-enrichment (by 0.6‰) between them. Interestingly, the isotopic heterogeneity found within the sweet potato is very similar to the isotopic discrimination generally found in the combination between plants and herbivores during grazing food webs (ca. 8.0‰ for glutamic acid and ca. 0.4‰ for phenylalanine). These results suggest that the proteins in the mother sweet potatoes are major resources for not only proteins in their sprouts but also growth energy in the sprouting, when they are grown heterotrophically without any light.

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昭和48年度の厚生白書によると, 我が国の妊産婦死亡率は欧米諸国と比べると大きな開きがあり, また新生児死亡はかえつて倍増しており, 母体の妊娠管理の充実が必要である.
High risk pregnancyの定義はGluckによりHigh risk との関連について検討した. 母体側のHigh risk factorでは中毒症, 貧血, 前置胎盤, 高年初産, 胎盤早剥が多い. また側からみると低出生体重児でも在胎37週未満の未熟児は母体のHigh riskから生まれており, 帝王切開児, 吸引分娩児の6%がHigh risk pregnancyからおこつている. 胎児窮迫, 仮死, 生後の呼吸窮迫症候群については母体側因子は未熟産に多い. High risk の母体のHigh risk factorをみると中毒症では未熟児, 双生児, 帝王切開児などが20%以上, 低出生体重児, 骨盤位分娩児, 仮死産児などが15%, 貧血については未熟児, 骨盤位分娩児, 呼吸窮迫児など10数%にみられた. 以上からHigh risk pregnancyの母体の管理, 及びHigh risk の出生直後の管理が重要である

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子どもの運搬の身体的負担を明らかにするために, (1) 子どもの運搬方法の野外調査, (2) 心拍数, エネルギー代謝率測定, (3) おんぶ, だっこについてのアンケート調査を行った.これらの実験, 調査を通して「子どもを運搬すること」を総合的にとらえることを試みた.
結果を要約すると以下のとおりである.
(1) 東京駅構内の野外観察から, 屋外の移動において, 最も頻度の高い子どもの人力運搬方法は, だっこ (腕・子守帯) 203例 (78.1%) であった.
(2) おんぶは17例 (6.5%) 観察された.すべての事例において, 子守帯が用いられていた.
(3) 子どもを運んで移動するエネルギー代謝率は, だっこ (腕) 3.7±0.34, だっこ (子守帯) 3.1±0.32となり, 比較的重い作業だった.
(4) おんぶ (子守帯) で移動する場合のエネルギー代謝率は, 2.8±0.28で, だっこよりも身体負担が軽かった (分散分析の結果p<0.01で有意).
(5) 立位実験でのおんぶ (子守帯) の心拍数は, だっこより上昇した.これは, おんぶの用具の装着が困難なためと考えられる.
(6) おんぶ (子守帯) は, だっこ (子守帯・腕) に比べて身体負担が軽いけれども, 実際の生活ではあまり行われていないことがわかった.
(7) だっこ (腕・子守帯) は, 身体負担が重いのにもかかわらずよく行われていることも明らかになった.
(8) アンケート調査では, ベビーカーの普及が高かったが, 人力運搬方法では腕によるだっこ, 次いで子守帯によるだっこが多かった.これは野外調査と一致する.疲れを感じる身体部位も腕によるだっこでは腕, 子守帯を使っただっこ・おんぶでは肩が多かった.
(9) 研究結果から, おんぶの見直しを含むいくつかの今後の課題を得た.

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Demand for use of natural additives such as nutraceuticals, antioxidants, coloring and flavoring matter is continuously increasing world over. It is due to nutritional awareness among the masses and belief that most of the natural products are safe for human consumption. Interest has been shown recently on the use of natural antioxidants from oil seeds. Hence, oils obtained from sesame (Sesamum indicum) had been utilized for this purpose. Oils were thermally treated (T) to enhance the sesamol content from 4,900 to 9,500 ppm. A portion of resultant oil had been extracted with ethanol in a controlled conditions to yield a concentrate (ESSO-T) with sesamol content of 28,500 ppm. Whereas another portion after silica gel column separation yielded a concentrate (SSO-TFII) with sesamol content of 27,100 ppm. Refined sunflower oil without antioxidant was mixed with ESSO-T and SSO-TFII separately at the level of 2,000, 1,000, 500 and 200 ppm and its storage stability assessed was at ambient (22-28°C) and elevated (37 °C) temperatures. Peroxide value (PV) and Free Fatty Acid content (FFA) of samples were estimated at intervals of 2 weeks for a total storage period of 12 weeks. Results indicated that ESSO-T at the level of 500 ppm had maximum protective effect on refined sunflower oil, where PV and FFA were found ranging between 2.1 to 5.9 and 0.10 to 0.15%; and 4.1 to 9.8 and 0.11 to 0.21% for samples stored at ambient and elevated conditions respectively. The storage stability of this sample was very close to the storage stability of sunflower oil containing TBHQ at 200 ppm. Comparatively in sunflower oil without antioxidant PV and FFA had gone up from 2.0 to 45.4 and 0.11 to 1.3% at ambient and 2.0 to 56.4 and 0.11 to 2.8% at elevated temperatures.

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The purpose of this research was to solve the problems in the use of the stroller. The approach was conducted by thinking about the material and the frame shape. The first stage of the research was to carry out a questionnaire to identify the problems in the use of the stroller. Then, a stroller designed as a sling using three dimensional knitting and a stroller flame was produced. Finally, a road test with the stroller was carried out. The following results were obtained: (1) The body was sufficiently supported by the knitting; (2) The body vibration was greatly reduced with the new design of the stroller.

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The number of

care room is increasing, but there are still many problems in use, which may be due to space composition and elements. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the space elements of care room and the user evaluation. In this study, we have made clear the current situation of the spatial elements of care rooms through the field survey, clarified the problems encountered by users in the use through the group interview survey, and finally got user evaluations through the questionnaire survey. As the results, several types of care rooms in shopping malls are defined, several directions for improvement of the project are obtained, and the specific spatial elements with the highest correlation with the evaluation indexes are obtained. It provides a clear direction for further improvement programs in the future.

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