This paper introduces a new analytical framework for class identification by applying a mixed method involving simple mathematical modeling and Bayesian statistical modeling. This framework explains the middle concentration tendency of class identification in which the majority of people regard themselves as middle, assuming that the succession of the same Bernoulli m-trials with success probability p determines oneʼs subjective class identification. The modelʼs parameters were estimated from SSM survey data by applying a Bayesian statistical model. The distribution of latent success probability p and number of trials m was estimated by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Differences in distributions of p and m among age cohorts and educational levels were analyzed by hierarchical models. The analysis revealed: (1) assuming approximately five trials of

- games with 0.5 success probability describes well the observed class identification distribution in 2015 data; (2) the Japanese postwar period can be divided in two based on peopleʼs subjective evaluations—the period of expanding opportunity (1955 to 1975) and the period of high and constant success probability, but less chance of trials (from 1985); and (3) the different games model on educational levels is always better in terms of goodness of fit to the observed data evaluated by Bayes factors than the common game model in each survey period.

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A three-dimensional radiation transport code TRISTAN has been developed by applying the method of direct integration to the group-flux calculation in order to enhance the accuracy of shielding analysis. It uses group-angle transfer matrices derived from the double-differential cross section data instead of the Legendre polynomial expansion.
In order to improve the numerical accuracy, a technique to separate radiation into two components (the scattered and the unscattered) is adopted and the balance equation of radiation flux is applied to the solution method. Two new techniques, a stratification of the angular mesh and a kind of the forward-adjoint coupling, are introduced to enhance its applicability to the practical shielding analysis.
The validity of the TRISTAN is verified by making comparison with the results of the Monte Carlo code MCNP, and with the experimental values in the JRR-4 streaming experiments.

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囚人のジレンマの利得構造の下で，プレイヤーの先手/後手の手番はランダムに決められ，先手が非協力行動を選択する場合にのみその行動が後手によって観察されるとする．このゲームと通常の囚人のジレンマとの相違は情報構造の違いに帰着する．情報構造がこのように修正された囚人のジレンマを非協力探知型情報構造を持つ囚人のジレンマと呼ぶ．非協力探知型情報構造を持つ囚人のジレンマには，利得構造がある一定の条件を満たすとき，双方のプレイヤーが協力的戦略を選択して協力行動がプレイされるナッシュ均衡が存在する．本研究の目的は，このゲームの協力的戦略の選択比率が，通常の囚人のジレンマの協力的戦略（協力行動）の選択比率に比べて，高いか否かを実験によって検証することにある．実験の結果，理論とほぼ合致する範囲の利得構造において，協力的戦略の選択比率は非協力探知型情報構造を持つ囚人のジレンマで高まることが示される．

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Effect of nucleosides both on induction of antiviral state in chick embryo cells (CEC) or rabbit kidney cells (RK13) and on interferon production in RK13 or mouse fibroblast cells (L cells) by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly I · poly C) was studied. Addition of inosine or a - mixture of inosine and uridine at a final concentration of 0.1 mM to 10 mM to a growth medium enhanced development of antiviral state in CEC. The nucleoside effect was also observed in RK13 at 0.1 mm but not at a concentration higher than 1 mM. Interferon production in RK13 by superinduction (sequential treatment with metabolic inhibitors after exposure to poly I · poly C) was enhanced 1.5- to 4.0-fold by addition of the nucleoside mixture to the growth medium. When RK13 was pretreated with 10 units per ml of interferon and then superinduced by inhibitors, the enhancing effect of nucleosides on interferon production was not observed. Interferon production in L cells was potentiated a little by addition of 1 mM of the nucleoside mixture to the growth medium. The effect of nucleoside was not observed when the nucleosides were added after exposure to poly I ·poly C. The nucleoside effect may be applicable for production of high titered interferon.

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A salivary gland chromosome map of Anopheles (Cellia) fluviatilis James is produced. This has been compared with those of Anopheles stephensi stephensi and Anopheles pulcherrimus. The X-chromosome similarities are the least, whereas 2R homologies among them are the commonest. The free ends are fairly uniform in Anopheles fluviatilis and Anopheles pulcherrimus. Anopheles fluviatilis shares a - relationship with pulcherrimus and stephensi.

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鳥胚の細胞学的性判別および性比の研究は,ニワトリおよびニワトリとウズラの雑種について行なわれているが,ウズラについてはまだ行なわれていない。本研究では孵卵開始約16時間の胚の染色体標本を作製し,性染色体により性を決定し,性比を求めた。
孵卵約16時間後に,胚盤付近にコルセミドを注射し,4時間後に胚盤を摘出。自然乾燥法,または火炎乾燥法により染色体標本を作製。ギムザ染色後,検鏡。1個体につき,78本の染色体を有する中期核板を5個以上観察し,更に2,3個の中期核板を写真撮影し,性判別に供した。性染色体のうち,Z染色体は4番目に大きな中部着糸型であり,W染色体はNo.5の常染色体とほぼ同じ大きさの次端部着糸型であった。染色体の展開および収縮が適度な中期核板では,W染色体はNo.5の端部着糸型染色体と明確に区別し得たが,通常の標本では両者の区別がつかない場合もあった。本研究では,Z染色体が2個あるものを雄,Z染色体1個とNo.5の大きさの染色体が3個(そのうちの1個はW染色体)あるものを雌と判定した。性判別は,2人の観察者が別個に行ない,それぞれの判定結果が一致するものについて性を決定した。標本を作製した胚子は305個,そのうち297個(97.4%)で最低1個の分裂像が見られた。これらのうち最低5個の分析可能な中期核板を示し,性判別が可能であったものは274個(89.8%)であった。判別結果は雄138個,雌136個,性比は50.4%であり,有意な偏りは見られなかった。

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粘土と長石の等量混合層の特性を実験的に検討し, その特性を考慮してこのような微粒子層内における液状水の移動現象を解析した.そして, 2～3の仮定をおいてこの移動現象を表現する基礎式を導出した.
乾燥実験の結果と基礎式の解とを比較することにより, 乾燥過程における微粒子層内液状水の移動機構がこの基礎式によって説明できることを示した.

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Recently sensory quality or ‘kansei’ quality has been focused on in any product such as cosmetics or automobile because the richness of lifestyle, comfort, performance and usability are given a lot of importance. Unlike an objective measurement using a physical or chemical method, we human being really feel them and sometimes they say “fairly like it” or “-” rather than say “I like it” or “I dislike it” alternatively.
So this paper discusses issues of sensory evaluation or ‘kansei’ evaluation of merchandise. The issues which this paper argues are as follows:
1) difinition of sensory evaluation and ‘kansei’ evaluation
2) characteristics of sensory/‘kansei’ evaluation
3) managerial attention of sensory/‘kansei’ evaluation of merchandise

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Visual information effects on reproduction of reaching movement in spite that it taught passively with closed eye condition. This remarkable visual effect is related with the input form of visual information after teaching. Under the Active-type input condition, participants open or close their eyes themselves, their reproduction of reaching movement is over the target point. However, under the Passive-Type input condition, participants perceive visual information only when blind-folded shutter is removed, reproduction is not overshoot. These reproduction velocity profiles are classified under two types, using physical information or not. In the active condition, they are classified -. However, only 30% of reproduction velocity profiles use physical information in the passive condition. Therefore, Active-type input form of visual information possibly affects efficient use of physical information.

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Following the application of angiotensin II to cultured lower brain stem neurons of rat embryos, the facilitatory response was mostly seen in small-sized oval, fusiform, and polygonal neurons, while the inhibitory response was seen in medium-sized pyramidal and multipolar neurons. Saralasin blocked both facilitatory and slow inhibitory responses, but had no effect on the fast inhibitory response.

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Pinus luchuensis MAYR. is distributed in Okinawa Prefecture (the subtropical zone) on the photoperiods ranging from 11 to 15hr. The terminal buds are not considered to be induced in the winter dormant state requiring winter chilling for their release. It is considered also that shoot growth (internode elongation) is active on the photoperiods of 14 to 15hr and that leaf-primordia differentiation (activity of apical meristems) is active on the photoperiods of 11 to 12hr. Therefore, on the intermediate photoperiods of 12 to 14hr, the balance between growth and differentiation is kept on a - basis, and balanced continuous shoot growth without branching is induced. In fact, on 12-hr photoperiods, two plants have been showing continuous shoot growth without branching for over two years.

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All prefectures and big cities in Japan have formulated their Green House Gases (GHG) Reduction Plan since the 1990s. Further, almost all policy measures taken according to the respective GHG Reduction Plan include education, awareness campaign for citizens, formulation of reduction plan for companies, etc. I have investigated 3 German cities that have employed climate policy measures that involve changing the structures of energy supply system and traffic system and introducing measures involving economic incentives such as

-, ESCO, etc. Furthermore, these climate policies have reduced GHG emission effectively. In Japan, it is necessary to introduce policy measures involving changes in the energy supply system or provision of economic incentives.

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