A Saturday drama "Kitayama I Love Life" which is a 90 minutes program produced with location only, was televised by the NHK General TV on September 10,1994.The post-production of this program was done at the CD-807 dubbing studio equipped with all digital sound facility and DAW, Digital Audio Workstation. This paper describes this post-production employing DAW mainly and processing with all-digital equipments.

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An error appeared in the article titled “Pathological Role of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Cardio-Metabolic Disorders” by Shimizu, Yohko Yoshida, and Tohru Minamino (Vol. 56, No. 3, 255-259, 2015). The figure on page 257 should be replaced by the following figure.

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A nanostructured surface was designed and created by synthesizing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on a plane substrate. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were synthesized on a Si/SiO2 substrate by alcohol catalytic chemical vapor deposition (ACCVD). The MWNTs were vertically synthesized on the surface, and the structure and characteristics of the surface, such as wettability, were evaluated. The surface with the MWNTs was also treated by coating with Au and subsequent plasma irradiation, in order to change the wettability from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The results of wettability tests show that the surface with the MWNT film behaved as a super-hydrophobic surface before coating with Au and plasma irradiation, but behaved as a super-hydrophilic surface after coating with Au and plasma irradiation. Furthermore, experiments using water droplets on the MWNTs and subsequent drying was carried out, and the resulting changes in the structure and characteristics of the MWNTs were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MWNTs subjected to plasma irradiation were found to clump together forming bundles after dropping water and drying; we found that the CNTs moved after the water was dropped on them. These results show that highly dense CNTs with self-assembled structures can be realized for potential applications as microreactors.

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In previous studies on the Japanese ideology of Pan-Asianism towards the Muslims in the interwar and World War II period, all Japanese Muslims were said to be “bogus Muslims”, who converted to Islam with the intention to utilize the Muslims for the Japanese interests. The Japanese Government committed to provide such “bogus Muslims” among the Japanese people. In reality, a number of Japanese military agents became Muslims in order to promote such an ideology among the Muslims in the East and Southeast Asia. However, quite a few aforesaid Japanese intellectuals and activists became Muslims by their own will. When we consider the history of Japanese Muslims, it is required to clarify how they came to believe in Islam, especially their comprehension of harmony between Shintoism and Islam.
 Among such unique Japanese Muslims in the interwar period, Nur Muhammad TANAKA (1882–1934) and Ahmad Bunpachirô ARIGA (1868–1946) provide us the details of their comprehension about Islam and the unique ways they used in order to syncretize Shintoism and Islam. TANAKA learned the Chinese language and Confucianism. When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1904, he went to China as the interpreter of the Army and stayed in China to study Confucianism as a private scholar after the war. In this career, he was interested in the Chinese Kai-ju or Hui-ru, which literally means “Islamic Confucianism.” Finally, he converted to Islam in China in 1924. He found similarities between Shintoism and Islam, and the possibility of syncretizing Shintoism and Islam occurred to him. His idea was not realized due to his sudden death after his second pilgrim to Mecca in 1934. ARIGA converted to Islam in the year 1932 after his retirement as a businessman. He was extremely enthusiastic about the missionary actions of “Japanese Islam,” which depended on the syncretism of Shintoism and Islam, different from TANAKA’s idea. He was not religious but nationalist. Therefore, his idea was the result of the syncretism of Pan-Asianism and Islam.
 We must excavate unique, forgotten Japanese Muslims such as TANAKA and ARIGA in order to understand Interwar Japanese Muslims.

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Volcanic glass powder can be used as a pozzolanic material. Unlike fly ash from industrial waste, it is a sustainable material from volcanic activities. With the publication of JIS A 6209 “Volcanic glass powder for use in concrete”, volcanic glass powder started to be used in construction industry. Hydration process of individual cement clinker of ordinary Portland cement and pozzolanic reaction of volcanic glass powder were studied in this research. The water to binder ratio is constant at 0.4 and other parameters of the present study are volcanic glass powder replacement ratio （0％, 10％, 20％）, and curing temperature （20, 40, 60℃）. XRD/Rietveld analysis and Thermogravimetric analysis were used to obtain the degree of hydration. Selective dissolution method was performed to get the degree of reaction of volcanic glass powder. The pozzolanic reaction of volcanic glass powder was clarified by the difference in the measured portlandite amount and estimated portlandite amount. On the basis of the experimental results, the effect of temperature and volcanic glass powder replacement ratio on the hydration of individual clinker was evaluated. Volcanic glass powder showed high reactivity in the present study. A model of volcanic glass powder reaction rate was proposed based on the model of hydration made by Parrot.

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It is necessary to assess the spatial distribution and variation of optical properties and chemical species of atmospheric aerosols to estimate the direct effect on climate. In the western Pacific Ocean, where the pollutants are transported from the East Asia, there are little aerosol measurements available to estimate the climate effect. In this study the aerosol optical and chemical properties were measured in June-July 2000 in the western Pacific Ocean on board the research vessel Mirai. In the southern area of 30° N, it was found that the area was under marine background condition due to less concentration of anthropogenic elements of aerosols such as V, Ni and Pb than those in the area north of 30° N. In south of 30° N, absorption coefficient (σ_ap) were extremely low as those less than 2× 10^-7m^-1, and scattering coefficients (σ_ap) ranged from 80× 10^-7m^-1 to 212× 10^-7m^-1. The single scattering albedo (ω), then, ranged from 0.97 to 0.99, which shows the aerosols were highly transparent in summer in the western Pacific Ocean.

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The reason why there are many kinds of single handle faucet designs, is because there are no design guidelines for their exterior design, correlated to the present diverged consumer values. This study is on making a design guideline for single handle faucets, based on the correlations between human lifestyles and design elements. First, we developed 7 basic formed single handle faucets and had a questionnaire survey on the test subject’s basic attributes, lifestyle and image evaluation on the developed faucets. We used the mathematical quantification theory class III, to find out what kind of basic attributes and lifestyle segments, values most on the exterior designs when purchasing, and what kind of basic design configuration they prefer most. Secondly, in the same questionnaire survey, we made the test subjects evaluate 7 basic single handle faucet form’s images and their purchase intentions, in 6 levels. We used the multiple regression analysis, to abstract the image words, which has a strong correlation with the purchase intention, regarding to the abstracted basic attributes and the lifestyle. Finally, we made a questionnaire survey on the images of the existing gooseneck-type single handle faucet with various design elements, and made the test subjects evaluate the images in 6 levels. We used the mathematical quantification theory class I, to abstract the design elements, which has a strong correlation with the test subject’s purchase intention. Consequently, we were able develop a design guideline for designing single handle faucets, based on the correlations between human lifestyles and design elements.

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We studied formation of chiral aggregates of optical active N-lauroyl-L-valine (L-LVA), N-lauroyl-L-glutamic acid (L-LGA) and methylester of L-LVA (L-LVMe) in various solvents such as acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and 1,2-dichloroethane through the measurements of circular dichroism (CD), NMR chemical shift of N-H proton and vapor-pressure osmometry (VPO). The above acylamino acids and L-LVMe showed CD bands at 212-215 nm, whose intensities depended on temperature. The CD bands have been believed to come from the formation of chiral aggregates. However, by means of NMR and VPO analyses, the acylamino acids and L-LVMe were found to be present mostly as monomers in relatively polar solvents such as acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane and tetrahydrofuran. On the other hand, L-LVA in 1,2-dichloroethane forms chiral aggregates; the mean aggregation number of L-LVA increases with increasing in its concentration.

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A 69-year-old man underwent the second radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). After re-isolation of the PV and making linear lesions to LA roof, bottom, and mitral annulus, AT with the cycle length of 370 msec was induced by programmed stimulation. Left atrial activation map exhibited counter-clockwise activation along the mitral annulus, with the total activation time for 290 msec and missing period for 80 msec at the mitral isthmus line. The post-pacing interval (PPI) at the mitral annulus anterior and inferior to the mitral isthmus line exceeded the tachycardia cycle length (TCL) by 30 ms. Extensive RF applications to the mitral isthmus and to the CS failed to terminate the AT. Then, a sharp small potential was recorded when the tip of ablation catheter was wedged in the proximal Marshall vein, which was confirmed by injection of contrast media from the irrigation catheter. The PPI was identical to the TCL. RF application using irrigation catheter successfully terminated the AT. Marshall vein may work as a bridge connecting both sides of mitral isthmus line. This is the first report of the perimitral AT that was successfully eliminated by the RF application in the Marshall vein.

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Background: The mechanism of AT occurring post full-maze surgery for atrial fibrillation is unclear, and the method for successful ablation is not established. Methods and Results: Out of consecutive 32 patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation for atrial tachycardia/flutter (AT) occurring post full-maze surgery for atrial fibrillation, mitral annular AT was observed in 12 patients. In all patients, residual conduction across the surgical lesion from pulmonary veins to posterior mitral annulus was the part of the reentrant circuit. In 7 patients activation sequence of the coronary sinus was continuous and the post-pacing interval was identical to the tachycardia cycle length and successful ablation was achieved in the CS. In 2 patients, additional ablation to endocardial mitral annulus was necessary for making complete block. In the remaining 3 patients, completion of the linear lesion was unsuccessful, and we made alternative lesion such as lateral mitral isthmus line. Conclusions: CS musculature is the important substrate for residual conduction causing mitral annular AT post full-maze surgery, and RF ablation in the CS is successful in most of the patients. In some patients with wider breakthrough involving both the LA and CS, completion of linear lesion by supplemental RF ablation was often difficult.

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First, we mentioned that intermittent or transient bacteremia appears quite frequently. And from the study of various cases of bacteremia, we found the importance of blood culture when the patient had fever after the surgical operations, minor operations or any kind of diseases. Then the latest findings and opinions concerning the prevention and treatment of such bacteremias were discussed.

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The authors report the treatment of a hemodialysis patient who developed a rare case of carpal bone tuberculosis. A 63-year-old woman on hemodialysis for 3 months, beginning in January 2000, complained of swelling and pain in her right hand and a fever of unknown origin. A prolonged unexplained fever that lasted for 2 weeks had occurred before the beginning of right hand pain. Radiographs showed an extensive cystic lesion of carpal bone thought to be due to osteomyelitis. The lesion was incised and evacuated. The aspirated fluid proved sterile on culture. For 2 weeks cefazolin sodium antibiotic substance was given, but the local symptoms did not improve. Curettage and drainage were performed. Histological examination revealed granulomas with central necrosis, epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells of Langhans type. Cultures revealed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antitubercular drugs were given postoperatively.
The hemodialysis patients have low cellular immunity, and are likely to suffer from tuberculosis more often than healthy persons. Tuberculosis should be considered, when a hemodialysis patient has osteolysis and fever of unknown origin.

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  We have introduced improvements and new approaches into our teaching methods by exploiting 4 active learning methods for pharmacy students of first year. The 4 teaching methods for each lesson or take home assignment are follows: 1) problem-based learning (clinical case) including a student presentation of the clinical case, 2) schematic drawings of the human organs, one drawing done in 15—20 min during the week following a lecture and a second drawing done with reference to a professional textbook, 3) learning of professional themes in take home assignments, and 4) short test in order to confirm the understanding of technical terms by using paper or computer. These improvements and new methods provide active approaches for pharmacy students (as opposed to passive memorization of words and image study). In combination, they have proven to be useful as a learning method to acquire expert knowledge and to convert from passive learning approach to active learning approach of pharmacy students in the classroom.

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