Thin films of vinyl derivatives of naphthalene diimide were prepared by electron-assisted vapor deposition. Monomer materials of N, N'-bis(allyl)-naphthalene diimide (Allyl-NDI) and N,N'-bis(p-vinyl-benzyl)-naphthalene diimide (

-NDI) were newly synthesized for this purpose. Uniform films were obtained by vapor-depositing these materials, whereas spin-coating yielded nonuniform films. IR analysis suggested that -NDI can be polymerized upon vapor deposition. An insoluble film of -NDI was obtained by the electron-assisted vapor deposition. On the other hand, Allyl-NDI had lower reactivity for polymerization. It was concluded that -NDI is a promising material for preparing thin films of vinyl polymer having naphthalene diimide units.

抄録全体を表示

本研究では抽出クロマトグラフィ法に着目し、含浸吸着材の-DVB架橋度変化による静的及び動的特性への影響を調査した。その結果から、-DVBの架橋度には最適値があることが明らかとなった。

抄録全体を表示

This study investigates one-step dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis from coal-derived, CO-rich syngas over a bifunctional catalyst comprising a methanol synthesis catalyst (Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃) and a methanol dehydration catalyst (γ-Al₂O₃). The liquid-phase DME synthesis was carried out in a slurry reactor that provided good mixing and excellent heat removal. Higher CO conversion and DME space time yield () were observed at a higher reaction temperature and a higher pressure. A lower gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) caused higher CO conversion, but a lower DME . Excessive content of γ-Al₂O₃ had an adverse effect on both CO conversion and DME . Among various H₂:CO ratios, the maximum DME (13.5 mol/kg-cat/h) was observed at a H₂:CO ratio of 1.0. CO₂ in the feed syngas had a negative effect on DME synthesis. The results and data obtained in this study can be used as basic data for the design and operation of a large scale bubble column reactor and for further application to a three-phase fluidized bed reactor.

抄録全体を表示

標記スタイル・ファイルjjasmac.を試作した.可能な限り[j]article.のコマンドをそのままの形で利用できるようにし,フォント・サイズに依存しないように留意した.

抄録全体を表示

酢酸亜鉛担持活性炭触媒による工業規模流動触媒反応槽の操業運転データを用いて, アセチレンと酢酸からの酢酸ビニル合成触媒の劣化速度について検討した.
この触媒の劣化速度は, 空時収率 [ton・m^-3・d^-1] で表した酢酸ビニル合成活性に比例することを確認し, 反応条件と劣化速度定数との関係を求めた.また, 高活性触媒を一定の交換率で補給している場合の活性の低下速度より, 劣化速度定数を求める方法を確立した.
劣化速度は, 反応条件, 特に温度, モル比MRと酢酸反応率αに大きく影響を受け, 次のような劣化速度式で表し得る.
-d (

STY

) /dθ=κ_po () {α (MR-α) / (1-α) ²} ²
この劣化速度定数κ_poは, 温度のみに依存し, みかけの活性化エネルギーは105kJ・mol^-1である.

抄録全体を表示

Since F. WUHRMANN presented the concept of myocardosis in 1 950, myocardial damage in various hepatic diseases have been reported. Recently, quantitative relationship between electrocardiographic changes and serum protein fraction or serum electrolytes in various hepatic, diseases have been studied. They show that abnormal electrocardiographic findings are closely related to dysproteinemia. Among them, according to T. Nangu in our department, the electrocardiographic changes in hepatic diseases have more important correlations to dyspro-teinemia than dyselectrolytemia. However, depression alone was reported not to relate with them. This study was designed to examine the 'coronary circulation and myocardial oxygen metabolism in patients with hepatic disease, and to clear the cause of deviation in them. Methods and Materials Two hundred and seventy cases with hepatic diseases were sub jected to the electrocardiographic examination. As hypoxemia test, the Levy's original method of ten percent oxygen inhalation for twenty minutes was used. The coronary circulation and myocardial metabolism at rest and during hypoxemia were studied in the patients with hepatic disease by the right-heart and coronary sinus catheterization. Results Obtained (1) Electrocardiogram at rest and induced hypoxemia test in hepatic diseases. 1 . Electrocardiographic changes related to myocardial damage such as T lowering (44.1 % ), IT prolongation (39.3 % ), depression (17.4]%) and low voltage (11.7%) were found in 65% of 230 cases, and these changes were more often seen in hepatic cirrhosis than in acute and chronic hepatitis. 2. Positive hypoxemia test occurred in 15 out of 56 cases with hepatic deseases. The rate of positive test was almost the same as in heart diseases or hypertension, and it was more often seen in chronic hepatic diseases than in acute patient. It is worth notice that in 5 out of 23 cases (21 .7 % ) the test was found positive who had no electrocardiogarphic sign of myocardial damage at rest. This is probably due to the presence of potential coronary vascular and/or myocardial metabolic disturbance in hepatic diseases. Therefore, the hypoxemia test is useful not only for the diagnosis of latent coronary disorders but of latent myocardial damages. (2) Hemodynamics and myocardial oxygen metabolism in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. 1 . The cardiac output was normal before and during hypoxemia. The cardiac work (Dexter) and the myocardial tension (Rodbard) were almost normal before and during hypoxemia.

抄録全体を表示

The Wis1-1 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade is one of the major signaling systems involved in a wide range of stress responses in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. It is known that Δwis1 and Δsty1 mutants exhibit highly pleiotropic phenotypes, including a phenotype of temperature sensitivity for growth. In this study, we screened multicopy suppressor genes that allow both the Δwis1 and Δsty1 mutants to grow simultaneously at a non-permissive temperature, 37°C. Two such multicopy suppressors were cloned and characterized as sds23⁺ and hxk2⁺ genes. The former is known to specify a protein that functions as a multicopy suppressor for mutations of the PP1 protein phosphatase and the 20S cyclosomelanaphase-promoting complex (APC), and the latter encodes hexokinase 2. It was revealed that the multicopy sds23⁺ gene restored a defect in the mating efficiency caused by the Δwis1 and Δsty1 mutations, whereas the multicopy hxk2⁺ gene suppressed a phenotype of heat-shock sensitivity for growth of these mutant cells. These findings are discussed with special reference to the Wis1-1 MAP kinase signaling pathway in S. pombe.

抄録全体を表示

A real-time continuous monitoring system of the ST-segment of electrocardiogram has been developed at our laboratory. This system calculates a spatial ST magnitude and two angles (azimuth and elevation) from three-channel Frank electrocardiograms following the formula with a micro-computer. Spatial ST magnitude=√ST_X²++ST_Z², Azimuth=tan^-1ST_Z/ST_X, Elevation=tan^-1 /√ST_X²+ST_Z². These data are displayed on a CRT displaying system (4 channels) and a penwriting recorder (6 channels) simultaneously. This system could record changes of spatial ST magnitude on experimental coronary artery occlusion. It is concluded that this system will be useful as a non-invasive monitoring of myocardial ischemia or injury in intensive care units.

抄録全体を表示

A new method was developed to quantify Cryptosporidium in water. Quenching Probe PCR (QProbe-PCR) technique could successfully amplify approximately 1280bp of Cryptosporidium 18S rDNA from a sample with as low as 60 [oocysts/tube] of Cryptosporidium parvum bovine genotype. QProbe-PCR showed high accuracy and high sensitivity compared to Real Time PCR with TaqMan probe.
QProbe-PCRh as an advantaget hat the PCR products can be applied for molecular characterization. Arestriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique was used to distinguish Cryptosporidium species and genotypes. Five species (C. parvum bovine genotype, C. parvum human genotype, C. meleagridis, C. felis and C. muris) could be distinguished by the RFLP with restriction enzymes Ssp I, Vsp I and I. The I successfully differentiated C. muris calf genotype (also known as C. andersoni) and C. muris mouse genotype. Database-based analysis revealed that 8 species out of 10 could be distinguished by RFLP with these three restriction enzymes.
QProbe-PCR-RFLP techniques can provide information on the genotype as well as the quantity of Cryptosporidium from the same sample. This technique can be a useful tool for waterborne risk assessment of Cryptosporidiosis.

抄録全体を表示

Syngas-conversion to methane and C₂∼C₄ hydrocarbons on composite catalysts has heen investigated by continuous flow method under 10∼21atm. Ni-La₂O₃-Ru catalyst (1) exhibited higher activity in methane formation and lower activity in C₂∼C₄ hydrocarbons under 10 atm than those under 1 atm. Fe-La₂O₃-Ru catalyst (2) has high activity in C₂∼C₄ hydrocarbons under medium pressure (10.5atm), however, under high pressure (20.6atm) formation of C₅₊ hydrocarbons added, On the other hand, Co-La₂O₃-Ru catalyst (3) exerted best performance among the three catalysts for C₁∼C₄ hydrocarbon synthesis, for instance, space-time yield () for methane of 75.7mol/1l·h and for C₂∼C₄ hydrocarbons of 6.9mol/1·h at 45.7% CO conversion were obtained at the reaction conditions of H₂/CO molar ratio of 2, SV of 11400 h^-1, 10 atm, and 356°C. It is shown that the catalyst prepared by impregnation method using the silica support having meso (5nm)-macro (600nm) bimodal pore structure has a better performance compared with catalysts prepared by another methods.

抄録全体を表示

It is well known that Elymus arose through hybridization between representatives of different genera and several different polyhaplomic genomes have been described. Cytogenetically, five basic genomes (St, H, Y, P and W) in different combinations have been found in the genus. The vast majority of species are tetraploids and they are characterized by having the genome or the StH genome. It is not known where the Y genome originated, although it is a common in Elymus from Central and East Asia. It has been hypothesized from isozymic and cytological studies of Elymus species that the Old and New World taxa may be of separate origin of the H genome in the StH genome species. Data from single copy of nuclear gene RPB2 indicated that the Eurasian and American StH genome species have independent alloploid origins with different H-genome donors. This hypothesis is needed to be tested by using more molecular data. Sequences from single copy of nuclear genes (RPB2, β-amylase gene and EF-G) indicated that genome species is allopolyploid origin. This paper presents a briefly review on current status of molecular evolution and origin of tetraploid Elymus species.

抄録全体を表示

In this research, the physical properties and stress paths of commercially available Malaysian kaolinite silts have been made available for laboratory testings. Properties and behavior of the kaolinite silts with varying clay contents have been studied in terms of particle size distribution, Atterberg limits and consolidated isotropic undrained (CIU) triaxial tests. Through understanding the physical and mechanical properties of the kaolinite silts, the results will form baseline data for the study of riverbank soils of Sarawak, which are dominated by similar high plasticity soft silts. Linear but inversely proportional relationships have been established between the effective angles of internal friction and the Atterberg limits. Hence, the designers may use the established equations to estimate the preliminary effective angle of internal friction if the only available data is Atterberg limits.

抄録全体を表示

ビデオストリーミングによるトラヒックが年々増大している．ビデオストリーミングの多くはTCPが用いられており，TCP の性能がビデオ品質に大きな影響を与えている. TCP の改良手法として, MultiPath TCP (MPTCP) が提案されている. しかし MPTCP はネットワークの状況に応じて複数のサブフローに適宜ビデオデータを割り当てるため，パケットの送信経路を頻繁に変更する．そのため，パケットの到着順序が前後することによるHead of Line Blocking (HoLB) の発生により，ビデオ品質が低下する可能性がある．そこで本研究では, HoLB に対処するサブフロー切り替え回数を削減するMPTCP パケットスケジューラを提案し，様々な環境において性能評価を行う．

抄録全体を表示

カキ属植物の系統分類を行うために, 葉から抽出した全DNAよりクロロプラストDNA (cpDNA) の一部領域をPCR (polymerase chain reaction) で増幅し,その増幅産物の制限酵素での切断断片長の多型を分析する方法 (PCR-RFLP法) がどの程度有効であるかを検討した. Arnoldら (1991) の方法に従い, PCRの反応温度サイクルを若干修正することにより, 供試した温帯および熱帯原産のカキ属植物14種からcpDNAのrbcLとORF106間の約3.2kbの領域を再現性よく増幅させることができた. この増幅産物を10種の制限酵素図 (Ase I, Bfa I, Bst NI, Dde I, Msp I, Nco I, Rsa I, Scr FI, I, and Taq I) を用いて消化し, その多型を調査したところ, カキ (Diospyroskaki) の栽培品種15種類およびマメガキ (D. lotus)の3系統の間では調査した10種類の制限酵素でいずれも, 同一種内では同じ切断断片長パターンを示し多型は全く認められなかった. しかしながら, 種間では明らかな多型が認められ, 調査した14種のカキ属植物はScr FIにより6グループ, Bst NIあるいはTaq Iにより5グループ, Bfa Iあるいは Iにより4グループ, Ase I, Dde IあるいはNco Iにより3グループ,Msp IあるいはRsa Iにより2グループに分けることができた. これらの結果からcpDNAの一部領域を利用するPCR-RFLP法がカキ属植物の種間の類縁関係を調査するためにきわめて有効な手段であることが明らかとなった.

抄録全体を表示

The XyMTeX2PS system for typesetting chemical documents having structural formulas has been developed to cover both traditional printing and Internet communication. The system is capable of providing chemical documents as PostScript files of high quality. The PostScript files can be converted into PDF files, which serves as a key to cover both of the fields, where more elaborate stereochemical expressions such as wedged bonds are available.

抄録全体を表示

　粘液産生胆管腫瘍の生物学的特徴に関してはまだ不明な点が多い．今回，我々は粘液産生胆管癌に対して，計5回の治療を施行し，約11年間の長期経過を観察している症例に関して，文献的考察を加えて報告する．症例は67歳の男性で，最初にB4胆管を主座とする粘液産生胆管腫瘍を指摘され，肝内側区切除術＋左尾状葉切除術を施行した．病理組織学的検査では深達度mの粘液産生胆管癌であった．半年後に右尾状葉枝根部の腫瘍に対してYAGレーザー焼灼を施行し，さらにその半年後に総肝管の腫瘍に対して，総肝管切開腫瘍摘出術を施行した．2年4か月後に右肝管の腫瘍を指摘され，肝外胆管切除術＋胆管空腸吻合術を施行し，その2か月後に肝後区域枝の腫瘍に対してYAGレーザー焼灼施行した．最終治療から7年後の現在まで再発を認めておらず，厳重な経過観察と根気強い外科的治療の繰り返しで長期生存を得ることが可能であることが示唆された．

抄録全体を表示

　症例は30代女性で，健診時，腹部超音波検査にて肝外側区域に限局する胆管拡張を指摘されたが充実成分を伴わず経過観察されていた．1年後，胆管拡張は左葉全域から総胆管におよび外側区域内に5cm大の充実性病変が認められた．精査の結果，粘液産生性胆管腫瘍（Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct；以下，IPN-Bと略記）と診断し，肝拡大左葉・尾状葉切除術，胆道再建を行った．腫瘍は外側区域を中心とする最大径5.5cmの多房性嚢胞性腫瘤で，病理組織学的にムチン産生性のIntrductal papillary adenocarcinomaであった．切除後11か月が経過した現在，再発なく経過している．IPN-Bの自然経過についてはいまだ不明な点が多く，本症例のように経過を観察しえた症例はまれである．若干の文献的考察を加え，報告する．

抄録全体を表示