Both internal external factors are contributing to the complexity of the driving environment. Traffic conditions, sophisticated car management systems, ubiquitous communication devices, so on demand increased levels of visual cognitive attention from drivers. Despite this, modern in-car information displays increasingly more more information. As a result, the displays are cluttered distracting, negatively influencing the driving performance. To address these distractions, this research investigates the potential of displaying delivering information in driver's peripheral vision via peripheral vision interface in a driving environment. Experimental findings suggest some benefits of implementation of such an information interface. However, the driver's perception of information presented by a peripheral vision interface is reduced due to cognitive load optic flow generated while driving. The driver's perception varies depending on type of visual stimuli used to display information. The results are discussed possible further developments are proposed.

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The effects of an arm lifting movement () on maximum vertical jumps with all but the ankle joints fixed (propelled only by plantar flexion) were studied in five subjects. increased flight time, but did not alter maximum angular velocity of the ankle before takeoff. Holding 4kg dumbbells in their hands enhanced the effect of on flight time. increased the maximum force the force at the onset of plantar flexion. Elbow angle recordings showed that both arms were accelerated before or around plantar flexion onset, decelerated mainly after takeoff. In another series of experiments, we measured the vertical component of head hand acceleration with accelerometers. produced positive acceleration of the head after takeoff, which was related to negative acceleration of the hand. The results suggest that increased flight time by enhancing plantar flexion torque under suppression of ankle angular velocity before takeoff. We discussed the relationship between this suppression different acceleration between the arms the body except the arms.

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Single-molecule imaging is a powerful technique to study functions of biological molecules. As an application of this method, dynamics of the chaperonin (GroEL)-cochaperonin (GroES) interaction chaperonin-asisited protein folding were visualized by using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Single molecule analysis revealed for the first time that the release of GroES from GroEL was governed by the two successive timers; a lag period (-3s) preceded the net release process (-5s). The protein folding in the immobilized cis complex, monitored using green fluorescent protein triggered by photolysis of caged-ATP, also started after a lag period (-3s). Thus, the first timer defines the 3s lifetime of a novel intermediate state in which both non-native protein GroES attach to GroEL. Although increasing number of reports on the observation analysis of a single protein molecule have been published recently, the study presented here is the first “live-” visualization of functional association-dissociation between proteins of protein folding. The power of this approach will not be restricted in the studies on chaperonin but be extended to the studies on other protein-protein interaction.

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Visually saliency detection provides an alternative methodology to image description in many applications such as adaptive content delivery image retrieval. One of the main aims of visual attention in computer vision is to detect segment the salient regions in an image. In this paper, we employ matrix decomposition to detect salient object in nature images. To efficiently eliminate high contrast noise regions in the background, we integrate global context information into saliency detection. Therefore, the most salient region can be easily selected as the one which is globally most isolated. The proposed approach intrinsically provides an alternative methodology to model attention with low implementation complexity. Experiments show that our approach achieves much better performance than that from the existing state-of-art methods.

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Recently an air lubrication method () has been recognized as one of promising techniques to save energy in naval engineering. In the present article, a brief introduction of in naval architecture is presented. Since requires the additional power to inject air bubble beneath the ship bottom, an air supply method with much less energy consumption should be a key technology to make be promising method for large ships. A scavenge gas bypass method is proposed as one of breakthrough technologies. In the article, recent application of to large commercial ships, including the scavenge gas bypass system, is introduced.

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State-of-the-art background subtraction foreground detection methods still face a variety of challenges, including illumination changes, camouflage, dynamic backgrounds, shadows, intermittent object motion. Detection of foreground elements via the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) method its extensions based on low-rank sparse structures have been conducted to achieve good performance in many scenes of the datasets, such as Changedetection.net (CDnet); however, the conventional RPCA method does not handle shadows well. To address this issue, we propose an approach that considers observed video data as the sum of three parts, namely a row-rank background, sparse moving objects moving shadows. Next, we cast inequality constraints on the basic RPCA model use an alternating direction method of multipliers framework combined with Rockafeller multipliers to derive a closed-form solution of the shadow matrix sub-problem. Our experiments have demonstrated that our method works effectively on challenging datasets that contain shadows.

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アルミトリン () の肺血管に及ぼす薬理作用が注目されている. 我々はラット同種血還流摘出肺を用いて; 1) 21%酸素換気下で還流液中濃度が0～1,000ng/mlになるよう bolus で投与し, 肺血管収縮と濃度との関係を検討した (n=10). 2) 1) で収縮を起こさない程度の (125ng/ml) が低酸素性肺血管収縮 (HPVC) に及ぼす影響を調べるため, 実験群を投与群 (n=5) と対照群 (n=6, 溶解液) の2群に分け, 2%酸素換気負荷を10分間ずつ3回施行し, 肺動脈圧の上昇率 (%Ppa) で比較検討した. 21%O₂換気下ではは容量依存性に肺血管収縮を起こした. 低濃度投与群 (125ng/ml) は対照群に比し, 1回目, 2回目の2%酸素負荷では有意に%Ppaは低下し, 3回目には有意差はなくなった. またアンギオテンシンIIの肺血管収縮性に及ぼす影響は, 投与群と対照群に差は認めなかった. 以上より, は高濃度では21%換気下で肺血管収縮を惹起し, 肺血管収縮を起こさない低濃度では肺血管への直接作用によりHPVCを抑制することが示された.

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日本の銀行は自由金利による調達コストの増加や国際決済銀行による自己資本比率規制など, 金融の自由化・国際化の影響を受けて大きく経営環境が変わり, 利益だけでなく金利変動リスクなどの財務リスクの管理も重要なテーマの一つになっている.さらに日本の銀行は国際的な活動を行っており, 多通貨の資産や負債を管理することが不可欠になっている.そこで本研究では, 銀行のリスク管理手法である(Asset Liability Management : 資産負債管理)の考え方に基づいた従来の一通貨に対する多期間モデルを多通貨に拡張した通貨別(多通貨)モデルを提案する.まず, 本モデルの特徴を明らかにし, 目標計画法を利用した定式化を示す.そして, 数値実験により利益とリスクのトレードオフ関係や多通貨の取り扱いなど, モデルの有用性を明らかにする.

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KATO, S., SATO, S. TAKAHASHI, K. Almitrine Bismesylate Reduces Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Isolated Rat Lungs. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1989, 157 (2), 119-129-The purpose of this study is to test how almitrine bismesylate () affects the function of pulmonary vasculature during normoxic ventilation, whether low doses of not causing detectable vasoconstriction during normoxic ventilation potentiate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPVC). Isolated Wistar male rat lungs were perfused with homologous blood at constant flow, venous ventilatory pressure. In the first experiment, after equilibration, dose-response curves to (from 0 to 1000ng/ml, n=10) were measured under the ventilation with normoxic gas mixture (21% O₂, 5% CO₂, 74% N₂). It was found that causes a dose-dependent pulmonary vasoconstriction. In the second experiment, low doses of (125ng/ml) or diluent of (malic acid) was injected to the blood reservoier. This doses of did not cause significant vasoconstriction during normoxic gas ventilation compaired with malic acid. After stabilization of pulmonary arterial pressure, the lungs were exposed to three cycles of normoxia (10min) hypoxia (10min) through ventilation with gas containing 21% or 2% O₂ 5% CO₂. It was observed that low doses of significantly reduce HPVC (p<0.05) on the later periods of the first the second hypoxic challenges. However, no significant difference was revealed among two groups in the third hypoxic challenge. Directly measured blood concentration was significantly lower in the third challenge than in the first challenge. Responses to angiotensin II were not decreased by . In conclusion, high doses of constrict pulmonary vasculature dose-dependently, low doses of the drug not causing vasoconstriction during normoxia reduce HPVC in rat.

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How the visual load /or the conversation load influence functional visual field (FVF) during driving was studied experimentally. Red or pink circular target was briefly presented somewhere on a movie from driver's view in a car following situation, the observer's task was to indicate the target position. The visual load for the observer was to read out the two alphabet letters presented in the center of the visual field. The conversation load was to answer to an easy question orally. The FVF narrowed with the visual load as well as with the conversation load, while it markedly shrinked when both visual conversation loads were imposed simultaneously.

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The melanoma is a malignant neoplasm of melanocytic origin, four clinicopathologic types are recognized: lentigo maligna melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma acral lentiginous melanoma (). The latter differs from ordinary malignant melanoma in exhibiting a predominant radial growth phase. of the oral mucosa is rare. Although the prognosis of such lesions is reportedly poor, some studies show encouraging results with early diagnosis adequate treatment. The present case highlights the potential role of a dental surgeon in early detection recognition of signs of malignancy in melanotic lesions. A loose denture may be the only complaint of such a lesion. The need for biopsy at multiple sites to ensure accurate diagnosis is also highlighted. The management of oral is discussed.

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Aluminum (Al) is the third most abundant element in the earth’s crust, but the behavior of Al in human

other animals are still unknown. In this study, we investigated whether Al is incorporated in organs of experimental animals receiving Al compounds. Al was given to animals in the form of ion (Al³⁺) or its complex (aluminum-maltolate) . We used aluminum chloride (AlCl₃・6H₂O)in saline solution as aluminum ion gave it to rats at the age of 5 13 weeks by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 10 mg Al/kg body weight for 5 days. On the other hand, we used aluminum maltolate () as an aluminum complex, which was given to mice aged of 6 weeks by oral administration or free access to tap water containing for 90 days. Organ distributions of both Al compounds exhibited similar tendency. Al was mainly accumulated in the liver spleen. Especially, Al levels of the spleen liver of animals receiving AlCl₃ were significantly higher than those of control animals. But in the kidney no significant difference in Al accumulation was observed. We also found that Al accumulated in the brain domain of young rats who received AlCl₃ injection mice who received daily oral or free access of drinking water containing for a long-term. These results will be important to elucidate the physiological role of Al, in terms of the development of neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s disease.

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自由金利による調達の増加やBIS（国際決済銀行）による自己資本比率規制などの金融の自由化・国際化の影響は日本の銀行の経営環境を大きく変えようとしている．そのため，金利変動リスクなどの財務リスクは増大し，そのリスク管理がますます重要になってきている．本論文では銀行のリスク管理手法である

（資産負債管理）の考え方を用いた数理計画モデル（目標計画法によるモデル）を扱った枇々木・福川の目標計画モデルを多期間モデルへ拡張したモデルを提案する．多期間モデルは，従来のモデルがトレード・オフの関係にあるリスクと利益を関連させたリスク管理のモデル化である特徴に加えて，将来に渡って計画的に資産や負債をコントロールできるような情報を得ることができるのでリスクを管理する際の経営計画の作成に役立たせることができるという特徴を持っている．モデルを解く方法論としては，リスクと利益という多目標を取り扱うことができる目標計画法を用いる．そして，モデルの特徴や定式化を通してモデルの有用性を明らかにしていく．

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At present the foundations are being laid for the implementation of 3D image technology in the fields of television video communication systems. Research at HHI concentrates on autostereoscopic displays utilizing lenticular screenplates. Basic human factors requirements are studied in psycho-optical experiments. Subjective advantages of 3D versus 2D displays in TV video conference applications are assessed by user evaluation experiments. Image processing algorithms for disparity analysis synthesis of variable perspective views as well as data compression methods are being developed. This paper revies results ongoing research.

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本研究ノートでは，銀行のリスク管理手法である

（資産負債管理）の考え方を用いた枇々木・福川の多期間モデルの数値実験による考察を行う．数値実験の目的は，モデルの特徴である(a)リスクと利益のトレード・オフの関係，(b)将来に渡る資産や負債の計画的なコントロール，などがうまく表現できるモデルかどうかを具体的に明らかにするためである．そのために，(1)管理期間(計画期間，基準期間)が異なるケースの比較，(2)金利変動リスクと利益に対する目標値が異なるケースの比較，(3)自己資本比率と預金準備率に対する制約値が異なるケースの比較，(4)市場金利についての予想が異なるケースの比較，の4つの数値実験を行う．数値実験に用いるデータは，ある都市銀行の有価証券報告書データを一般的に言われている状況，例えば短期調達・長期運用の構造を持つなどを考慮して加工したデータを用いている．そして，それらに対する考察を通じてモデルの有用性を明らかにしていく．

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The cornea of the human eye acts as a mirror that reflects light from a person's environment. These corneal reflections can be extracted from an image of the eye by modeling the eye-camera geometry as a catadioptric imaging system. As a result, one obtains the visual information of the environment the relation to the observer (view, gaze), which allows for application in a number of fields. The recovered illumination map can be further applied to various computational tasks. This paper provides a comprehensive introduction on corneal imaging, aims to show the potential of the topic encourage advancement. It makes a number of contributions, including (1) a combined view on previously unrelated fields, (2) an overview of recent developments, (3) a detailed explanation on anatomic structures, geometric eye corneal reflection modeling including multiple eye images, (4) a summary of our work contributions to the field, (5) a discussion of implications promising future directions. The idea behind this paper is a geometric framework to solve persisting technical problems enable non-intrusive interfaces smart sensors for traditional, ubiquitous ambient environments.

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In the Su-Lu UHP terrane, eastern China, coesite-bearing eclogites have been reported in five areas (Weihai, Yangkou, Rizhao, Donghai Rongcheng). The presence of a coesite inclusion (70 μm) in garnet in a strongly retrograded eclogite at Zekou (about 40 km southwest of Rongcheng) shows for the first time that this region also underwent coesite-eclogite facies metamorphism. In addition, the garnet of the Zekou eclogite preserves a distinct compositional zonation. The eclogite consists of garnet (20%), symplectite (70%: amphibole+plagioclase) other accessory minerals (amphibole, rutile, quartz ilmenite). Garnet porphyroclasts (0.5-1 mm in diameter) show compositional zonation that can be divided into three parts: core (-59 Sps_0.7-0.9 Prp_15-17 Adr_0.1-0.2 Grs_23-24), mantle (-58 Sps_0.5-0.8 Prp_14-15 Adr_0.1-0.2 Grs_25-28), rim (-56 Sps_0.4-0.6 Prp_17-18 Adr_0.1-0.2 Grs_25-27). Each part has a characteristic inclusion mineralogy: the core part contains rutile, quartz no coesite, the mantle part contains coesite, quartz-pseudomorphs after coesite, rutile, omphacite zircon, the rim part contains rutile. The coesite inclusion (70 μm) is located in the outer mantle part is associated with radial fractures in the surrounding garnet. The different inclusion assemblages the chemical zonation from core to rim in garnet porphyroclasts suggest that the Zekou eclogite preserves the information of the prograde stage during UHP metamorphism.

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